Transmission media is the material pathway that connects computers, different kinds of devices and people on a network. It can be compared to a superhighway carrying lots of information. Transmission media uses cables or electromagnetic signals to transmit data.

2. Guided Transmission media
 Transmission Media
 Guided Media
 Types of Guided Media
1. Twisted Pair cable
2. Coaxial Cables
3. Optical Fiber
 Unguided Media
Topic Included

3. What is Transmission Media
 Sending of data from one device to another
through Medium is called Transmission Media
Transmission
Media
Guided Unguided

4. Guided (Wired)
 Guided transmission media means the data
signals are guided along the path like cabling
system .

5. Types Of Guided Media
 Guided (Wired)
 Twisted Pair
 Coaxial cable
 Fiber Optics

6. Twisted Pair Wires
 Consists of two insulated copper wires arranged in a regular spiral pattern to
minimize the electromagnetic interference between adjacent pairs
 Often used at customer facilities and also over distances to carry voice as
well as data communications
 Low frequency transmission medium

7. Types of Twisted Pair
 STP (shielded twisted pair)
 the pair is wrapped with metallic foil or braid to insulate the pair from
electromagnetic interference
 UTP (unshielded twisted pair)
 each wire is insulated with plastic wrap, but the pair is encased in an outer
covering

8. Twisted Pair Advantages
 Inexpensive and readily available
 Flexible and light weight
 Easy to work with and install
Disadvantages
 Susceptibility to interference and noise
 Attenuation problem
 Relatively low bandwidth (3000Hz)

9. Coaxial Cable (or Coax)
 Used for cable television, LANs, telephony
 Has an inner conductor surrounded by a braided mesh
 Both conductors share a common center axial, hence the term “co-axial”

10. Coax Advantages
 Higher bandwidth
 400 to 600Mhz
 up to 10,800 voice conversations
 Can be tapped easily (pros and cons)
 Much less susceptible to interference than twisted pair
Coax Disadvantages
 High attenuation rate makes it expensive over long
distance
 Bulky

11. FIBER OPTIC Cable
• Optical fiber consists of a glass core,
surrounded by a glass cladding with
slightly lower refractive index.
• In most networks fiber-optic cable is
used as the high-speed backbone, and
twisted wire and coaxial cable are used
to connect the backbone to individual
devices.

12. Fiber Optic Layers
 consists of three concentric sections

13. Fiber Optic Advantages
 greater capacity (bandwidth of up to 100 Gbps)
 smaller size and lighter weight
 lower attenuation
 immunity to environmental interference
 highly secure due to tap difficulty and lack of signal radiation

14. Fiber Optic Disadvantages
 Expensive to install
 requires highly skilled installers
 adding additional nodes is difficult

15. Unguided Media
Wireless transmission waves

16. Radio Waves
Omnidirectional Antenna
 Frequencies between 3 KHz and
1 GHz.
 Are used for multicasts
communications, such as radio and
television, and paging system.

17. Microwaves
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 frequency between 1 and 300 GHz
Micro waves are unidirectional.
Very high frequency Micro waves can not penetrate walls.
They are used in Cellular phones, satellite networks, wireless
LANs.

18. Infrared
 Frequencies between 300 GHz to 400 THz.
 Can not penetrate walls.
Used for short-range communication
 Typical uses
 TV remote control
 IRD port
Are blocked by walls
 No licenses required

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