This document describes a project to simulate a four-way traffic control system using LED lights and a microcontroller. The microcontroller is programmed to change the LED lights after a set period of time to represent the different traffic signal phases. The circuit uses common electronic components like timers, counters, resistors, and capacitors. Benefits include automated signal timing, while drawbacks include potential for increased rear-end collisions and ongoing operating costs. The design could be expanded to control signals based on real-time traffic sensor data.

1. TRAFQUICK (FOUR WAY
TRAFFIC SIGNAL SIMULATION)
Rishabh Dubey

2. CONTENT
• Introduction
• Working
• Equipment
• Circuit Diagram
• Block Diagram
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Future Scope
• Bibliography

3. INTRODUCTION
• In the ever growing business and technology traffic lights have become an
integral and ignored part Of the system. But that doesn’t condescend upon its
significance as an important guide of our lives(quite literally).
• This project is to simulate and showcase what goes about an ordinary fourway
traffic control system, scaled down to the size of your average breadboard. As
effortless as the algorithm seems to be, there is a lot which levers inside the
whole mechanism to automotate and control the traversal of cars.

5. WORKING
• This project uses LED lights as an indicator
• A micro-controller is used to change the lights after a certain period of time
• The LEDs automatically go on and off by making the corresponding port pin
of the micro-controller high
• The pins of various input output ports of the micro-controller are connected
directly to the LEDs
• The IC is programmed in a manner that the respective LEDs glow by setting
the required bit using assembly language and a certain amount of delay is
provided depending on the user

6. EQUIPMENT
• IC: Timer IC -555----1, 10 bit Counter- 4017----1
• LED: green----4, red----4+1, yellow----4
• Resistors: 4.65K----1, 350ohm----2, 10K----1, Pot Variable(100K)----1
• Diode: 1N4007----10
• Capacitor: 100uf----1, 10uf----1
• Battery: 9V
• Breadboard: 1
• Connecting wires

9. ADVANTAGES
• The circuit is completely automated
• Signals offer the maximum degree of control at intersections
• Signals provide for the orderly movement of conflicting flows.
• signals may reduce certain types of accidents, most notably the angle
(broadside) collision
• They may interrupt extremely heavy flows to permit the crossing of minor
movements that could not otherwise move safely through the intersection.

11. DISADVANTAGES
• rear-end collisions, usually increase when a signal is installed.
• In addition to an increase in accident frequency, unjustified traffic signals can also
cause excessive delays, disobedience of signals and diversion of traffic to
inadequate alternate routes.
• Traffic signals are much more costly than is commonly realized
• On top of this, there is the perpetual cost of the electrical power consumed in
operating a signalized intersection 24 hours a day. This cost now averages about
$1,400 per year.

12. FUTURE SCOPE
• This project can be enhanced in such a way as to control automatically the signals
depending on the traffic density on the roads using sensors like IR
detector/receiver module extended with automatic turn off when no vehicles are
running on any side of he road which helps in power consumption.
• Holographic Signals
• Traffic signal using projection on a curtain of water

13. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• www.Wikipedia.org
• https://www.azdot.gov/business/engineering-and-construction/traffic/faq/pros-
and-cons-of-traffic-signals#
• https://www.slideshare.net/Rkmishra00/a-minor-project-on
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJMQHEWQi3I