Towards Content-Based Dataset Search - Test Collections and Beyond

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The document discusses content-based dataset search (CBDS) as an improvement over metadata-based dataset search (MBDS). It presents ACORDAR, a test collection for ad hoc CBDS using synthetic and TREC queries on RDF datasets. Evaluation results showed that both metadata and dataset content are useful, and that TREC queries are more difficult. CBDS faces challenges including scalability, tractability, and heterogeneity, but is likely to trend as it provides higher relevance and explainability than MBDS.

Science

Towards Content-Based Dataset Search:
Test Collections and Beyond
Gong Cheng (Nanjing University)
Presented at NTCIR-16 Task Session (Data Search 2), June 17, 2022
2022/6/17 1

2022/6/17 2
Metadata-Based Dataset Search (MBDS)
https://datasetsearch.research.google.com/

2022/6/17 3
Metadata-Based Dataset Search (MBDS)
Metadata for the COLINDA Dataset
Query:
conference location Lyon
Lyon?

☹ Metadata contains limited information.
☹ Metadata suffers from quality issues.
2022/6/17 4
MBDS is easy to implement, but …

2022/6/17 5
Content-Based Dataset Search (CBDS)
Content-Based Snippet for the COLINDA Dataset
Query:
conference location Lyon

☺ Higher Relevance
☺ Better Explainability
☺ Lower Redundancy
2022/6/17 6
CBDS is demanded because …

2022/6/17 7
Research Tasks in CBDS
An architecture of content-based ad hoc dataset retrieval.

 It is non-trivial to
 create content-oriented dataset queries
 make content-based relevance judgments
 because data is
☹ big
☹ complex
2022/6/17 8
We aimed at building a test collection for
ad hoc content-based dataset retrieval, but …
Softic et al., COLINDA: Modeling, Representing and Using Scientific Events in the Web of Data (DeRiVE 2015)
149,020 triples
Metadata Data

2022/6/17 9
So we developed a dashboard for browsing RDF datasets.
Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)

2022/6/17 10
So we developed a dashboard for browsing RDF datasets.
Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)

2022/6/17 11
ACORDAR: RDF Datasets
Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)

 Synthetic Queries
① Browse a dataset
② Write a content summary
③ Extract keywords as a query
 TREC Queries
 Ad hoc topics in the
English Test Collections
of TREC 1–8
2022/6/17 12
ACORDAR: Queries
Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)

 Retrieval Models
 TF-IDF based cosine similarity
 BM25F
 Fielded Sequential Dependence Model (FSDM)
 Language Model using Dirichlet priors for smoothing (LMD)
 Index Fields
 Metadata Fields: title, description, author, tags
 Data Fields: literals, classes, properties, entities
2022/6/17 13
ACORDAR: Pooling and Qrels
Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)
Inter-Annotator Agreement:
Krippendorff’s α = 0.59

 Model Configurations
 Default: using all fields
 [m]: using only metadata fields
 [d]: using only data fields
2022/6/17 14
ACORDAR: Evaluation Results
Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)
Conclusion 2: TREC queries are more difficult.
Conclusion 1: Metadata and data are both useful.

2022/6/17 15
ACORDAR vs NTCIR-15/16
Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)

 Research Challenges
 Scalability
 Tractability
 Heterogeneity
 Projectability
 Universality
 Impacts
 to Users
 to Researchers and Developers
 to Data Providers
2022/6/17 16
CBDS is probably a trend.

Contributors to ACORDAR
 Tengteng Lin (NJU)
 Qiaosheng Chen (NJU)
 Ahmet Soylu (OsloMet & NTNU)
 Basil Ell (U Bielefeld & UiO)
 Ruoqi Zhao (NJU)
 Qing Shi (NJU)
 Xiaxia Wang (NJU)
 Yu Gu (OSU)
 Evgeny Kharlamov (Bosch & UiO)
 …
2022/6/17 17
Thanks for your attention.

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Magmatic iron-meteorite parent bodies are the earliest planetesimals in the Solar System,and they preserve information about conditions and planet-forming processes in thesolar nebula. In this study, we include comprehensive elemental compositions andfractional-crystallization modeling for iron meteorites from the cores of five differenti-ated asteroids from the inner Solar System. Together with previous results of metalliccores from the outer Solar System, we conclude that asteroidal cores from the outerSolar System have smaller sizes, elevated siderophile-element abundances, and simplercrystallization processes than those from the inner Solar System. These differences arerelated to the formation locations of the parent asteroids because the solar protoplane-tary disk varied in redox conditions, elemental distributions, and dynamics at differentheliocentric distances. Using highly siderophile-element data from iron meteorites, wereconstruct the distribution of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) across theprotoplanetary disk within the first million years of Solar-System history. CAIs, the firstsolids to condense in the Solar System, formed close to the Sun. They were, however,concentrated within the outer disk and depleted within the inner disk. Future modelsof the structure and evolution of the protoplanetary disk should account for this dis-tribution pattern of CAIs.

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Towards Content-Based Dataset Search - Test Collections and Beyond

1. Towards Content-Based Dataset Search: Test Collections and Beyond Gong Cheng (Nanjing University) Presented at NTCIR-16 Task Session (Data Search 2), June 17, 2022 2022/6/17 1

2. 2022/6/17 2 Metadata-Based Dataset Search (MBDS) https://datasetsearch.research.google.com/

3. 2022/6/17 3 Metadata-Based Dataset Search (MBDS) Metadata for the COLINDA Dataset Query: conference location Lyon Lyon?

4. ☹ Metadata contains limited information. ☹ Metadata suffers from quality issues. 2022/6/17 4 MBDS is easy to implement, but …

5. 2022/6/17 5 Content-Based Dataset Search (CBDS) Content-Based Snippet for the COLINDA Dataset Query: conference location Lyon

6. ☺ Higher Relevance ☺ Better Explainability ☺ Lower Redundancy 2022/6/17 6 CBDS is demanded because …

7. 2022/6/17 7 Research Tasks in CBDS An architecture of content-based ad hoc dataset retrieval.

8.  It is non-trivial to  create content-oriented dataset queries  make content-based relevance judgments  because data is ☹ big ☹ complex 2022/6/17 8 We aimed at building a test collection for ad hoc content-based dataset retrieval, but … Softic et al., COLINDA: Modeling, Representing and Using Scientific Events in the Web of Data (DeRiVE 2015) 149,020 triples Metadata Data

9. 2022/6/17 9 So we developed a dashboard for browsing RDF datasets. Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)

10. 2022/6/17 10 So we developed a dashboard for browsing RDF datasets. Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)

11. 2022/6/17 11 ACORDAR: RDF Datasets Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)

12.  Synthetic Queries ① Browse a dataset ② Write a content summary ③ Extract keywords as a query  TREC Queries  Ad hoc topics in the English Test Collections of TREC 1–8 2022/6/17 12 ACORDAR: Queries Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)

13.  Retrieval Models  TF-IDF based cosine similarity  BM25F  Fielded Sequential Dependence Model (FSDM)  Language Model using Dirichlet priors for smoothing (LMD)  Index Fields  Metadata Fields: title, description, author, tags  Data Fields: literals, classes, properties, entities 2022/6/17 13 ACORDAR: Pooling and Qrels Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022) Inter-Annotator Agreement: Krippendorff’s α = 0.59

14.  Model Configurations  Default: using all fields  [m]: using only metadata fields  [d]: using only data fields 2022/6/17 14 ACORDAR: Evaluation Results Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022) Conclusion 2: TREC queries are more difficult. Conclusion 1: Metadata and data are both useful.

15. 2022/6/17 15 ACORDAR vs NTCIR-15/16 Lin et al., ACORDAR: A Test Collection for Ad Hoc Content-Based (RDF) Dataset Retrieval (SIGIR 2022)

16.  Research Challenges  Scalability  Tractability  Heterogeneity  Projectability  Universality  Impacts  to Users  to Researchers and Developers  to Data Providers 2022/6/17 16 CBDS is probably a trend.

17. Contributors to ACORDAR  Tengteng Lin (NJU)  Qiaosheng Chen (NJU)  Ahmet Soylu (OsloMet & NTNU)  Basil Ell (U Bielefeld & UiO)  Ruoqi Zhao (NJU)  Qing Shi (NJU)  Xiaxia Wang (NJU)  Yu Gu (OSU)  Evgeny Kharlamov (Bosch & UiO)  … 2022/6/17 17 Thanks for your attention.

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