Towards a Sustainable Europe by 2030
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This webinar discusses the European Commission's reflection paper on implementing the UN's 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The presentation considers three possible scenarios for the EU's approach: 1) an overarching SDG strategy coordinated across EU members, 2) mainstreaming SDGs across all EU policies without enforcing member action, or 3) implementing SDGs only through external policies. Key policy areas like the circular economy, sustainable agriculture and food, and clean energy are examined. While the reflection paper has promising elements, it lacks concrete funding commitments and measures in some areas. The EU's leadership in achieving the global goals will depend on how the new Commission and Parliament decide to implement the strategies.
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Towards a Sustainable Europe by 2030
- 1. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Towards a Sustainable Europe by 2030: Reflections on the EC SDG Reflection paper Marianne Kettunen Head of Programme (Global Challenges and SDGs) EULawSD Webinar Series 4 April 2019 © Photo by Aaron Burden via Unsplash
- 2. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Webinar content • What is EU’s role? • What are the possible visions for EU? • Reflecting some key policy aspects … • Few words about monitoring EU’s progress … • Conclusions + next steps • (Further reading)
- 3. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Recap: EU and the 2030 Agenda / SDGs • Strictly speaking, implementing Agenda 2030 is the responsibility of UN Member States / individual EU Member States • But – several SDGs can only be addressed through joint policies taking responsibility at the EU level required • Both EU institutions and individual Member States / Member State coalitions shape ambition as regards SDG implementation and delivery • EU played a active role in the 2030 Agenda negotiations … • … but has since dragged its feet politically, until …
- 5. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Scenarios for EU approach • I. Overarching SDG strategy for EU and its Member States ‘European process for SDG policy coordination’ • II. SDG mainstreaming at EU level across all polices – but not enforcing Member State action • III. Implementing SDGs as part of EU’s external policy What do you think the EU should do? What are the pros and cons of different approaches?
- 6. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Policy foundations: circular economy “Make the circular economy the backbone of EU industrial strategy, enabling circularity in new areas and sectors.” “ … potential of EUR 1.8 trillion net economic benefit and results in over 1 million new jobs by 2030.”
- 7. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Policy foundations: circular economy Emphasis on the implementation of existing policies, with several horizontal enablers identified (e.g. environmental taxation and blockchain technology) Explicit recognition of circular bio-economy, including need to protect ecosystems and avoiding overexploitation of natural resources Lack of concrete funding for a shift to circular economy. Lack of concrete policy measures linking circular economy to sustainable consumption. IEEP (2019) IEEP assessment of the Commission’s SDG Reflection paper
- 9. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Policy foundations: sustainable agriculture & food “We need a comprehensive approach entailing a genuine change in the way we produce, transform, consume and distribute food by accelerating the transition to a sustainable food system.” “ … global food and agriculture system in line with SDGs could create new economic value of > EUR 1.8 trillion by 2030.”
- 10. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Policy foundations: sustainable agriculture & food Role of agriculture in meeting EU’s climate and environmental goals Need for change in EU’s consumption patterns, including not only what we consume but also how we consume … … but failing to provide a vision and concrete measures for changing EU’s consumption High reliance on the political will for further reform of the Common Agriculture Policy (CAP) IEEP (2019) IEEP assessment of the Commission’s SDG Reflection paper
- 11. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Policy foundations: sustainable agriculture & food New IEEP report: • Is net-zero future possible for EU agriculture sector? • Current means: increasing GHG efficiency of production, changing what commodities are produced and /or increasing sequestration capacity. • On their own cannot deliver the mitigation level necessary for a net-zero future. • Even when used together, could lead to emission reductions of between 37% by 2030 and 46% by 2050*, without major changes in land use. • Thus, further steps are required. • Need to implement actions both inside and outside the agriculture sector, including consumption. *Compared to 2010 levels
- 12. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Policy foundations: clean energy, building and mobility “More is needed to live up to the letter as well as the spirit of the Paris Climate Agreement, exploiting the full economic potential of the energy transition […] promoting improved energy efficiency of buildings and […] transitioning towards a clean, resource efficient and carbon-neutral future in the mobility sector.”
- 13. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Policy foundations: clean energy, building and mobility Need to increase the EU ambition beyond 2030 to reach goals of the Paris Agreement Progress needed to decarbonise the building sector Full life cycle view of battery and vehicle production Too positive with progress of decoupling emissions from economic growth / emissions reductions to date Limited emphasis on social implications of unsustainable transport (e.g. health impacts, fuel taxation, access to transport) IEEP (2019) IEEP assessment of the Commission’s SDG Reflection paper and IEEP (2018) IEEP reflection on the EU 2050 Long Term Strategy for Carbon-neutral Europe
- 15. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Policy foundations: EU as global leader “It is in the EU’s interest to play a leading role in the implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda also globally through its external action ...” https://euaidexplorer.ec.europa.eu/content/overview_en and http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2018/october/tradoc_157469.pdf
- 16. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Global: EU as global leader Implementing policy coherence for SDGs, e.g. impacts of EU internal policies outside the EU Possibility of the EU initiating binding global agreements in the areas of circular economy, resource use and biodiversity Conflict prevention as part of EU’s foreign and defence policy (e.g. environmental and ecosystem protection and restoration) Measures to ensure the ‘more assertive’ use of the EU FTA sustainability chapters Conservation of biodiversity & ecosystems as concrete policy solutions to deliver SDGs IEEP (2019) IEEP assessment of the Commission’s SDG Reflection paper
- 17. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Global: policy coherence for sustainable development “Policy coherence across the board is essential, grounded in planning, evidence-based policies, inclusiveness, effectiveness, respect for subsidiarity and proportionality, and measurement and monitoring.” IEEP (2018) Assessment of EU internal and external policy coherence for SDGs ; Global SDG Index and Dashboard (2017) and SDSN (2019) EU SDG indicator assessment for EESC
- 18. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Measure to manage: assessing and monitoring EU progress Annual monitoring by Eurostat: e.g. 2018 edition But … the EU still lacks a robust methodology to assess progress against, not simply trends towards, science-based targets. SDSN (2019) EU SDG indicator assessment for EESC
- 19. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu EP elections in May 2019: what do party manifestoes tell us? See https://ieep.eu/news
- 20. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Conclusions + next steps • Commission’s SDG Reflection Paper has several good & promising elements • ... but some say it is too little concrete commitment too late. • All depends on how it will be implemented (scenario I, II or III) • … and that greatly depends on the next EU Commission & Parliament.
- 21. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu “Sustainable Development Goals are disruptive. They imply a radical departure from business as usual … “ UNEP (2017) © Photo by Aaron Burden via Unsplash
- 22. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Further reading … IEEP (2019) IEEP assessment of the Commission’s SDG Reflection paper IEEP (2019) IEEP assessment of the European party manifestoes vis-à-vis their sustainability – check out www.ieep.eu news, e.g. ALDE, PES, EGP and EL IEEP (2018) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at the UN High Level Political Forum (HLPF), New York, 16 – 18 July 2018. Briefing for the EP ENVI Committee. IEEP (2018) Closing loops: Towards an effective post-2020 science-policy-society interface in Europe, IEEP Newsletter Sep 2018 IEEP (2018) Policy outlook for the environment 2018: could momentum return?, online policy review IEEP (2017) Tackling pollution is essential for meeting SDG poverty objectives, briefing paper for UNEP IEEP (2017) Harnessing the SDGs for charting Europe’s future course, online policy review IEEP (2017) Measuring progress on Europe’s SDGs implementation” inputs to the European Economic and Social Committee (EESSC), two presentations in September 2017 (Overview and focus on SDG12).
- 23. Think2030 is a new sustainability platform for think tanks in Europe, with links to policy makers, businesses, local authorities and civil society, to discuss and propose solutions to Europe’s most pressing sustainability issues. www.think2030.eu
- 24. www.ieep.eu @IEEP_eu Thank you for your attention ! mkettunen@ieep.eu © Photo by Aaron Burden via Unsplash
Editor's Notes
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).
- The only policy area with concrete, quantifiable target is climate. However, even this target is based on a political agreement rather than SDG delivery based evidence (e.g. Planetary Boundaries not taken into consideration). There are clearly risks with setting quantified targets to sectoral policies (e.g. lessons learned with EU biofuel policy). To mitigate risks (e.g. logging in to a system with wrong targets) the delivery framework needs to include a process that a) can adapt while b) not risking to back peddle => process with agreed setting of new, higher targets with x year interval. EU Reflection Paper (end of 2018) is foreseen to consist of three elements: Political document Annex: Stakeholder Forum Annex: presenting the results of foresight study by JRC Seems unlikely that the above will deliver Council’s request to “timelines, objectives and concrete measures“ (as per June 2017 Council Conclusions).