Climate Change Tagging-Emerging Issues Green Budgeting Virtual Meeting - 17 March 2020

1. Climate Change Tagging
Emerging Issues

2. 2
Applications
 Development Finance
 All ODA (Rio Markers) since 1998
 All Multilateral Development Banks
since 2011
 Green Bonds
 Institutional issuers since 2008
 Sovereign bonds since 2016
 Public Expenditure Reviews
 World Bank and UNDP, 20+ since 2010
 Budgeting
 Developing countries, 11+ since 2012

3. 3
Key Elements
Policy
 Mitigation
 Adaptation
 Adverse climate
impacts
Definition
 Positive list
 Objective
 Policy Alignment
Measurement
 All
 Objective
 Policy Alignment

4. 4
Coverage
 Expenditures (programs)
 Tax Expenditures
 Subsidies / Guarantees
 Revenues
 Sub-National
Government
 State-Owned Enterprises

5. 1. Central
agencies
propose macro &
budget work
2. Government
approves
guidelines &
ceilings
3. Central
agencies issue
budget circular &
ceilings
4. Spending
agencies prepare
budget proposals
5. Central &
spending
agencies
negotiate
budgets
6. Central
agencies
finalizes State
budget
8. Legislature
debates,
amends,
approves state
budget 7. Government
approves &
submits to
legislature
9. Central
agencies
release funds
10. Spending
agencies
execute and
report
12. Audit
Institution
prepares &
issues audit
report11. Central
agencies
prepare reports
& statements
Integration in
Budget Process
13. Legislature
reviews &
approves audit
report
Climate
Policies &
Plans:
Bangladesh,
Vietnam
Climate
Guidelines
Bangladesh,
Nepal
Philippines,
Indonesia,
Uganda
Climate Annex
Bangladesh,
Finland,
Indonesia,
Philippines,
Uganda
Climate Citizens
Budget
Bangladesh,
Philippines,
Nepal
Execution
Report
Bangladesh
Performance
Audit
Bangladesh
?

6. 6
Impacts
Awareness Raising 
Communication 
Resource Allocation  ?
Resource Mobilization 
Fiduciary 
Accountability 

7. 7
Critiques Relevance
 Credibility
 Spending Bias
 Decision
Making
 Policy
Straitjacket
Romain Weikmans, J. Timmons Roberts, Jeffrey
Baum, Maria Camila Bustos & Alexis Durand
(2017) Assessing the credibility of how climate
adaptation aid projects are categorised,
Development in Practice, 27:4, 458-471.
Proportion of projects that each donor
has over-coded

8. 8
Next Steps
 Evaluation
 Revive Policy Analysis
 Knowledge Exchange