This document discusses the importance of retaining teeth for an aging population. It notes that tooth loss leads to the loss of important structures and functions like mastication and speech. Retaining teeth is important for diet, quality of life, cognition, and longevity. Standards for oral health in older adults include indicators of tooth retention and disease. Studies show that fewer teeth are associated with poorer nutrition, lower quality of life, higher risk of dementia, disability, and mortality. Improving oral hygiene can reduce the risk of pneumonia in elderly patients.
Prevention of tooth loss and dental pain for reducing the global burden of or...fdiworlddental
ORAL HEALTH FOR AN AGEING POPULATION FORUM
Prevention of tooth loss and dental pain for reducing the global burden of oral disease
Susan Hyde
FDI World Dental Congress 2016 Poznań
Prevention of tooth loss and dental pain for reducing the global burden of or...fdiworlddental
ORAL HEALTH FOR AN AGEING POPULATION FORUM
Prevention of tooth loss and dental pain for reducing the global burden of oral disease
Susan Hyde
FDI World Dental Congress 2016 Poznań
By 2030, there will be over 72 million senior citizens in the United States. Most won’t have easy access to dental care. Oral Health America's "State of Decay Report" shows older adults face many barriers to accessing oral healthcare. Check out this infographic, which provides a summary of the issues preventing older Americans from accessing dental care.
Powerpoint of continuing education program on mid-level providers in dentistry. Focus on the training of advanced skills hygienists both in terms of ADHP and prior projects in the United States for training dental hygienists to perform skills traditionally reserved for dentists
The Importance of Oral and Dental Health in College StudentsMessiMasino
This note covers the following topics: Bacterial Diversity in the Oral Cavity, Oral-Systemic Link, Tooth Brushing, Flossing, Common Oral Hygiene Mistakes, Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancers, Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer, Acute Dental Trauma, Controlling Bleeding and Swelling, Complications of Oral Piercings.
By Ogundiran Temidayo a student of OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY ILE IFE. a presentation on edentulism, prevalence, causes, types, treatment, and its adverse effect in the oral cavity.
Effects of Malocclusion on Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL): A C...Ziad Abdul Majid
The purpose of this paper is to provide a useful critical review relating to the effects of malocclusion on the physical, social, and psychological aspects of the Quality of Life (QoL) of patients.
Published by : European Scientific Journal, Vol 11, Issue 21, July 2015
School- based oral health education programs; How effective are they?Ghada Elmasuri
How effective are school based oral health education programs?
An evidence based review
A number of systematic reviews have been conducted on the the effectiveness of school-based behavioral interventions all over the world.
The aim of this presentation is to collect and review these evidences on the effectiveness of these programs and to identify important factors which contribute to the effectiveness of these programs.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Rationale of post endodontic restoration /certified fixed orthodontic cours...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
By 2030, there will be over 72 million senior citizens in the United States. Most won’t have easy access to dental care. Oral Health America's "State of Decay Report" shows older adults face many barriers to accessing oral healthcare. Check out this infographic, which provides a summary of the issues preventing older Americans from accessing dental care.
Powerpoint of continuing education program on mid-level providers in dentistry. Focus on the training of advanced skills hygienists both in terms of ADHP and prior projects in the United States for training dental hygienists to perform skills traditionally reserved for dentists
The Importance of Oral and Dental Health in College StudentsMessiMasino
This note covers the following topics: Bacterial Diversity in the Oral Cavity, Oral-Systemic Link, Tooth Brushing, Flossing, Common Oral Hygiene Mistakes, Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancers, Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer, Acute Dental Trauma, Controlling Bleeding and Swelling, Complications of Oral Piercings.
By Ogundiran Temidayo a student of OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY ILE IFE. a presentation on edentulism, prevalence, causes, types, treatment, and its adverse effect in the oral cavity.
Effects of Malocclusion on Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL): A C...Ziad Abdul Majid
The purpose of this paper is to provide a useful critical review relating to the effects of malocclusion on the physical, social, and psychological aspects of the Quality of Life (QoL) of patients.
Published by : European Scientific Journal, Vol 11, Issue 21, July 2015
School- based oral health education programs; How effective are they?Ghada Elmasuri
How effective are school based oral health education programs?
An evidence based review
A number of systematic reviews have been conducted on the the effectiveness of school-based behavioral interventions all over the world.
The aim of this presentation is to collect and review these evidences on the effectiveness of these programs and to identify important factors which contribute to the effectiveness of these programs.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Rationale of post endodontic restoration /certified fixed orthodontic cours...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Keynote presentation for KT's Cloud Frontiers 2011 (actual conference was in December 2010).
Contains a lot of early thinking on disruption patterns, cloud computing, and how Republic of Korea can be an effective global cloud competitor.
DISCURSO SESIÓN INAUGURAL DEL CURSO 2008 DE LA REAL ACADEMIA DE MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS AFINES DE LA COMUNIDAD VALENCIANA: 'La aportación de la última figura de la cirugía en el “Sharq Al Andalus”: Al Safra'. Por el Ilmo. Sr. Dr. D. Justo Medrano Heredia.
http://www.ArizonaHears.com If you are a new hearing aid user or even if you’ve had your hearing aids for a while you may need a guide
to help you care for and maintain your hearing aids in top condition. Here are some of the main issues that
you need to know and understand to get the most from your amplification.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This short course reveals some of the studies that show how oral health affects systemic health. Inflammation is the root cause of all the trouble, and the mouth is the most under evaluated sources of the inflammation.
Failures in FPDs and its management is very well described in this seminar and done according to the main books.
Described under classification of biologic, mechanical, aesthetics, Psychogenic, Maintenances Failures
Review of literature is also given in this presentation
Simplyhealth dental survey - the hidden impact of poor oral healthSimplyhealthUK
Introduction
Encouragingly, the results of our recent dental survey indicate that a large proportion of British adults are aware of how the health of their mouth can impact on other elements of their health. However, it seems what isn’t so positive is that 20% of British adults do not perform simple tasks such as brushing their teeth twice a day, to help keep their mouth healthy
Dr Kaumudi Joshipura explains the relation between Diabetes and Periodontal Disease.Dr Kaumudi presently works at a Dental School at Puerto Rico and is a MPH graduate Harvard School of Public Health.
Meaning of Minamata for oral health community in a resource-constrained setti...fdiworlddental
WORLD ORAL HEALTH FORUM
What does Minamata mean for the oral health community in a resource-constrained setting? WHO's views and perspectives from the African region
Dr Benoit Varenne
FDI World Dental Congress 2016 Poznań
What are the challenges of phasing down the use of dental amalgam? (Jocelyn F...fdiworlddental
WORLD ORAL HEALTH FORUM
The Minamata Convention: What are the challenges of phasing down the use of dental amalgam?
Jocelyn Feine
FDI World Dental Congress 2016 Poznań
Russian anarchist and anti-war movement in the third year of full-scale warAntti Rautiainen
Anarchist group ANA Regensburg hosted my online-presentation on 16th of May 2024, in which I discussed tactics of anti-war activism in Russia, and reasons why the anti-war movement has not been able to make an impact to change the course of events yet. Cases of anarchists repressed for anti-war activities are presented, as well as strategies of support for political prisoners, and modest successes in supporting their struggles.
Thumbnail picture is by MediaZona, you may read their report on anti-war arson attacks in Russia here: https://en.zona.media/article/2022/10/13/burn-map
Links:
Autonomous Action
http://Avtonom.org
Anarchist Black Cross Moscow
http://Avtonom.org/abc
Solidarity Zone
https://t.me/solidarity_zone
Memorial
https://memopzk.org/, https://t.me/pzk_memorial
OVD-Info
https://en.ovdinfo.org/antiwar-ovd-info-guide
RosUznik
https://rosuznik.org/
Uznik Online
http://uznikonline.tilda.ws/
Russian Reader
https://therussianreader.com/
ABC Irkutsk
https://abc38.noblogs.org/
Send mail to prisoners from abroad:
http://Prisonmail.online
YouTube: https://youtu.be/c5nSOdU48O8
Spotify: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/libertarianlifecoach/episodes/Russian-anarchist-and-anti-war-movement-in-the-third-year-of-full-scale-war-e2k8ai4
What is the point of small housing associations.pptxPaul Smith
Given the small scale of housing associations and their relative high cost per home what is the point of them and how do we justify their continued existance
Understanding the Challenges of Street ChildrenSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Up the Ratios Bylaws - a Comprehensive Process of Our Organizationuptheratios
Up the Ratios is a non-profit organization dedicated to bridging the gap in STEM education for underprivileged students by providing free, high-quality learning opportunities in robotics and other STEM fields. Our mission is to empower the next generation of innovators, thinkers, and problem-solvers by offering a range of educational programs that foster curiosity, creativity, and critical thinking.
At Up the Ratios, we believe that every student, regardless of their socio-economic background, should have access to the tools and knowledge needed to succeed in today's technology-driven world. To achieve this, we host a variety of free classes, workshops, summer camps, and live lectures tailored to students from underserved communities. Our programs are designed to be engaging and hands-on, allowing students to explore the exciting world of robotics and STEM through practical, real-world applications.
Our free classes cover fundamental concepts in robotics, coding, and engineering, providing students with a strong foundation in these critical areas. Through our interactive workshops, students can dive deeper into specific topics, working on projects that challenge them to apply what they've learned and think creatively. Our summer camps offer an immersive experience where students can collaborate on larger projects, develop their teamwork skills, and gain confidence in their abilities.
In addition to our local programs, Up the Ratios is committed to making a global impact. We take donations of new and gently used robotics parts, which we then distribute to students and educational institutions in other countries. These donations help ensure that young learners worldwide have the resources they need to explore and excel in STEM fields. By supporting education in this way, we aim to nurture a global community of future leaders and innovators.
Our live lectures feature guest speakers from various STEM disciplines, including engineers, scientists, and industry professionals who share their knowledge and experiences with our students. These lectures provide valuable insights into potential career paths and inspire students to pursue their passions in STEM.
Up the Ratios relies on the generosity of donors and volunteers to continue our work. Contributions of time, expertise, and financial support are crucial to sustaining our programs and expanding our reach. Whether you're an individual passionate about education, a professional in the STEM field, or a company looking to give back to the community, there are many ways to get involved and make a difference.
We are proud of the positive impact we've had on the lives of countless students, many of whom have gone on to pursue higher education and careers in STEM. By providing these young minds with the tools and opportunities they need to succeed, we are not only changing their futures but also contributing to the advancement of technology and innovation on a broader scale.
This session provides a comprehensive overview of the latest updates to the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly known as the Uniform Guidance) outlined in the 2 CFR 200.
With a focus on the 2024 revisions issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), participants will gain insight into the key changes affecting federal grant recipients. The session will delve into critical regulatory updates, providing attendees with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate and comply with the evolving landscape of federal grant management.
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the rationale behind the 2024 updates to the Uniform Guidance outlined in 2 CFR 200, and their implications for federal grant recipients.
- Identify the key changes and revisions introduced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the 2024 edition of 2 CFR 200.
- Gain proficiency in applying the updated regulations to ensure compliance with federal grant requirements and avoid potential audit findings.
- Develop strategies for effectively implementing the new guidelines within the grant management processes of their respective organizations, fostering efficiency and accountability in federal grant administration.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Many ways to support street children.pptxSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
A process server is a authorized person for delivering legal documents, such as summons, complaints, subpoenas, and other court papers, to peoples involved in legal proceedings.
PPT Item # 9 - 2024 Street Maintenance Program(SMP) Amendment
Tooth loss and importance of retaining teeth for vitality, quality of life and longevity (Martin Schimmel)
1. Oral Health for an Ageing Population
Tooth loss and importance of retaining teeth for
vitality, quality of life and longevity
Martin Schimmel on behalf of Frauke Müller
Département de Médecine Interne, de Réhabilitation et de Gériatrie
Division de Gérodontologie et Prothèse Adjointe, CUMD
Hôpitaux
Universitaires
Genève
3. Current status of tooth loss
Why retaining and restoring teeth is important ?
Diet and teeth
Quality of life and teeth
Cognition and teeth
Longevity and teeth
Standards and priorities
Standard indicators
Standard set of «perception» data from patients
4. Prevalence of edentulousness in the
elderly reported for selected countries
The global burden of oral disease and risks to oral health.
PE Petersen, D Bourgeois, H Ogawa, S Estupian-Day, C Ndiaye
Bulletin of the World Health Organisation 83 (9) 2005
5. Dental Health of the Elderly Population
0,1 %0,1 %
of 65-74 yr olds have a sound dentition and no caries experience
Schiffner U: Krankheits- und Versorgungsprävalenzen bei Senioren (65-74 Jahre)
In: Institut der Deutschen Zahnärzte: DMS V, Deutscher Ärzte Verlag, Köln 2016
6. Mojon et al.
Int J Proshodont (2004)
Prognosis for the decline in edentulism
4 countries with reliable data
7. Prosthodontic Restoration and Age
Data from 2002 cited after Zitzmann et al. European J Oral Sciences 2008
Age Prostheses fixed removable C/C
8. Oral Health of Patients with Dementia
Syrjälä, H et al. Dementia and oral health among subjects aged 75 years or older. Gerodontology (2010)
Patients with dementia had an increased likelihood of having carious
teeth, teeth with deep periodontal pockets, and poor oral and denture
hygiene, compared with non-demented persons
9. Current status of tooth loss
Why retaining and restoring teeth is important ?
Diet and teeth
Quality of life and teeth
Cognition and teeth
Longevity and teeth
Standards and priorities
Standard indicators
Standard set of «perception» data from patients
10. Prevalence of Malnutrition in Institutionalized Persons
Pauly L et al. Nutritional situation of elderly nursing home residents. Z Gerontol Geriat 40:3 3-12 (2007)
11. Edentate
n=287
1-10 teeth
n=131
21+ teeth
n=123
Energy (Kcal) 1583 1700 1842
Protein (g) 60 66 71
Fat (g) 64 67 67
Non-starch Polysaccharide (g) 11 13 16
Calcium (mg) 722 825 884
Vitamin A (μg) 1036 1374 1268
Vitamin C (mg) 60 82 83
Niacin (mg) 27 33 32
Vitamin E (mg) 8 10 12
SHEIHAM A et al.: The Relationship among Dental Status, Nutrient intake and
Nutritional Status in Older People. J Dent Res 80: 408-413 (2001)
12. tooth loss ↑
calcium and vit D
and protein intake ↓
BMD ↓
altered
food choice
(von Wovern 2001; Geuers 2000;Millwood 2000)
13. Transformation of a complete denture to an
implant-overdenture : effect on nutrition
RCT with 255 participants aged 65 years or older
Randomisation
Conventional complete dentures (n=114)
Conventional upper and lower implant-overdentures (n=103)
Outcome parameters (1-year observation period)
fibre intake
macro- and 9 micro-nutriments
total energy (kcal)
Hamdan N, Albuquerque R, Gray-Donald K, Feine J: A Mandibular Implant Overdenture: Is It A
Nutritionally Significant Choice? J Dent Res 92(Spec Iss A):231, 2013
Implant-overdentures cannot improve the nutritional intake of
edentulous persons
15. BMI and Mortality in Elderly Patients
Weiss A. et al. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 23(1) 19-24 (2007)
n = 470 hospitalized
patients
age 81.5 years
observation period 4.2
years
In elderly patients, a high BMI is associated with a reduced mortality
16. Current status of tooth loss
Why retaining and restoring teeth is important ?
Diet and teeth
Quality of life and teeth
Cognition and teeth
Longevity and teeth
Standards and priorities
Standard indicators
Standard set of «perception» data from patients
17. Social Aspects
communication
social interactions
Signs of Age:
functional impairment
Oral Health related Quality of
Life (OHRQOL)
Psychological
appearance
self-esteem
Pain / Discomfort
acute / chronic
modified after INGLEHART 2002
18. 32-25 24-21 20-17 16-9 8-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
<30 Jr 30-49 50-69 70+
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
age [ years]
Data from Steele et al.: How do age and tooth loss affect oral health impacts and qulaity of life? Community Dent Oral
Epidemiol 32:107-14 (2004)
OHIPscore
no of teeth present
Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL)
evaluated by OHIP-14 ( Oral Health Impact Profile )
19. Current status of tooth loss
Why retaining and restoring teeth is important ?
Diet and teeth
Quality of life and teeth
Cognition and teeth
Longevity and teeth
Standards and priorities
Standard indicators
Standard set of «perception» data from patients
20. Tooth Loss, Dementia and Neuropathology
- the Nun Study -
Sample
144 participants of the Nun Study, age 75-98 years
Observation period
10 years with annual follow-up examinations
Outcome measure
number of teeth
neuropathologic findings at autopsy (n=118)
Participants with the fewest teeth had the highest risk of
prevalence and incidence of dementia
Edentulism or very few (1-9) teeth may be predictors of
dementia late in life
Sparks Stein P et al. (2007) Tooth loss, dementia and neuropathology in the Nun Study JADA 138: 1314-22
21. Interplay of Mastication, Nutrition, Cognition & ADL
Weijenberg et al. (2011) Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 35: 438-497
ADL
Nutrition
Mastication Cognition
CORRELATION
CAUSAL /
-longitudinally observed
-chance and bias eliminated
-consistent associations
-cause precedes effect
-dose-response gradient
-association is specific
The results of animal and human experimental studies suggest a
causal relationship between mastication and cognition
These findings have compelling implications for the care for the
frail and elderly, suffering from dementia
22. Current status of tooth loss
Why retaining and restoring teeth is important ?
Diet and teeth
Quality of life and teeth
Cognition and teeth
Longevity and teeth
Standards and priorities
Standard indicators
Standard set of «perception» data from patients
23. Presence of Natural Teeth and
21-Year Mortality
Holm-Pedersen P. et al. Tooth Loss and Subsequent Disability and Mortality in Old Age J Am Geriatr Soc 56: 429-35 (2008)
573 nondisabled 70-year old Danes, medical and dental examination, interview
Mortality obtained from the National Death Register
Being edentulous or having
1-9 teeth was associated with
onset of disability at age 75
and 80 years
Persons being edentulous at
age 70 were sign. higher at
risk of mortality 21 years later
(Hazard ratio 1.26, 95% CI 1.03-1.55)
24. Number of Teeth – a Predictor of Mortality
in 70-year old Subjects
0 1-9 10-19 ≥ 20 No of teeth
7-year mortality
Osterberg T, Carlsson GE, Sundh V, Mellström D
Number of teeth – a predictor of mortality in 7’-year old subjects. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 36(3): 258-68 (2008)
25. Preventive Effect of Oral Hygiene on Pneumonia in
Elderly People in Hospitals and Nursing Homes
Approximately 1 in 10 cases of death1 in 10 cases of death from pneumonia in
institutionalised elderly may be prevented by improving oral hygiene
Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) from 6.6% to 11.7%
Relative Risk (RR) 0.30 to 0.61
Number Needed to Treat (NNT) from 9 to 15
Sjögren et al. Journal of the American Geriatric Society 56: 2124-2130 (2008)
26. Current status of tooth loss
Why retaining and restoring teeth is important ?
Diet and teeth
Quality of life and teeth
Cognition and teeth
Longevity and teeth
Standards and priorities
Standard indicators
Standard set of «perception» data from patients
27. Standard Indicators for Oral Health
Structural Indicators
Number of teeth
Prevalence of fixed and removable prostheses
Attachment loss
Ridge resorption
Functional Indicators
Chewing efficiency
Plaque Index (PI), Denture Plaque Index
Indicators of Pathology
DMFT
CPITN
SBI
Prevalence of oral individual diseases
28. Clinical Oral Assessment Tools
Reproducible, reliable, proven validity, simple, quick, requiring minimal
dental equipment, without necessity for chairside assistance
Dental professionals / *Nurses/Hygienists
OHX Oral Health Index Burke et al. 1995
CODE Clinical Oral Disorder in Elders Index McEntee et al. 1999
*OAG Oral Assessment Guide Isaksson et al. 2000
*THROAT THROAT Dickinson et al. 2001
*ROAG Revised Oral Assessment Guide A.Dept Health&Ageing 2003
Also applicable in demented patients
*ADOH Activities of Daily Oral Hygiene Bauer et al. 2001
*MPS Mucosal Plaque Score Index Henriksen et al. 1999
*BOHSE Brief Oral Health Status Examination Kayser-Jones et al. 1995
List after Chalmers (2005)
29. Standard set of «perception» data from patients
Quality of life
OHIP 49, OHIP 20, OHIP 14, OHIP-Edent
GOHAI
Denture satisfaction
DSI (McGill)
Self reported disease / problems with teeth or dentures
Prevalence
Participation in leisure and social interactions
30. Thank you very much for your kind attention
Département de Médecine Interne, de Réhabilitation et de Gériatrie
Division de Gérodontologie et Prothèse Adjointe, CUMD
Hôpitaux
Universitaires
Genève
Editor's Notes
substitute
≤ 15% edent. @ 65 to 74 olds in S, CH, DK, F, D
Beim Erscheinungsbild der Zähne hatten in der Kontrollgruppe deutlich weniger Zähne Merkmale wie zum Beispiel Flecken, Risse und Defekte als in der Untersuchungsgruppe.
z.B. hatte die oben gezeigte 78 jährige Probandin mehrere Schmelzrisse sowie Verfärbungen an den Zahnhälsen
Die unten gezeigte 29 jährige Probandin zeigt dagegen eine in Anführungsstrichen makellose Zahnreihe.
The goal of this literature review has been to investigate the relationship between mastication and cognition, with a special focus on ageing and dementia, and its possible underlying mechanisms. Since the relationship between mastication and cognition is not yet firmly established, and is investigated in the context of a number of different disciplines, a comprehensive overview will contribute to our knowledge. The results of animal and human experimental studies suggest a causal relationship between mastication and cognition. Furthermore, correlations exist between mastication and activities of daily living and nutritional status. These findings have compelling implications for the development of prevention strategies by which medical and nursing staff may optimize their care for the frail and elderly, suffering from dementia.
Danes: holm-pederson
Befeuchten der Schleimhaut und der Nahrung – Bilden eines Speisebolus und somit initiale Unterstützung der Verdauung
Pufferkapazität zum neutralisieren von Protonen, die durch kariogene Bakterien produziert werden
Remineralisieren durch Übersättigung mit Calzium und Phosphat – siehe Bildung von Zahnstein an den Ausführungsgängen der Speicheldrüsen sublingual und gegenüber der Parotis
Verdünnen von Geschmacksstoffen um sie den Geschmacksknospen zu präsentieren
Klebefunktion nicht nur für Speisebolus sondern auch für Zahnersatz
Schützen vor Infektionen durch antibakterielle Faktoren zur Regulation der Verteilung und Anzahl von Mikroorganismen
Immunglobuline (IgM und IGA)