Non-syndromic tooth agenesis has been occasionally described in literature and data available for its prevalence is rare in Arabs population in Israel. The purpose of the present retrospective radiographic study was to provide data concerning the prevalence of non-syndromic hypodontia in patients reporting to the Center for Dentistry,Research & Aesthetics, Jatt, Almothalat, Israel
Prevalence of Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in Is...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
This study examined the prevalence of tooth agenesis (hypodontia) in 500 orthodontic patients from the Arab population in Israel. The researchers reviewed panoramic radiographs and dental records to identify cases of one or more missing permanent teeth, excluding wisdom teeth. They found a prevalence of 2.6% hypodontia in this sample. The most commonly missing teeth were the mandibular second premolar and maxillary lateral incisor. This prevalence of hypodontia in the Arab population in Israel falls within the typical global range of 1.6-9.6%, providing baseline data on dental anomalies in this population.
This study examined the prevalence of tooth agenesis (hypodontia) in orthodontic patients from the Arab population in Israel. The researchers reviewed panoramic radiographs of 500 patients aged 12-39 years old. They found that 57 patients (2.6% prevalence) had hypodontia, missing a total of 167 permanent teeth. The most commonly missing tooth was the mandibular second premolar. This prevalence of hypodontia in the Arab population of Israel falls within the typical global range of 1.6-9.6%, and indicates hypodontia is present but not unusually high compared to other populations.
A survey on misunderstanding of dental scaling in hong kongCecilia Young 楊幽幽
Abstract
There is no information on the misunderstanding of dental scaling; on whether the misunderstanding affects the general public to go for scaling or not; on complaints about dental scaling and suggestion of who should educate the public in the existing literature. This study gives the information from the general public in Hong Kong.
METHODS:
A cross-sectional survey by telephone interview on a random sample of 1412 subjects aged 13 years and above in Hong Kong was conducted from 3rd January to 15th February 2006.
RESULTS:
More females had received scaling (adjusted OR = 1.73, 95%CI 1.31-2.29 P < 0.001), 51-60 years age group had the highest scaling experience (adjusted OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.55-4.68, P < 0.001). Higher education was related to scaling experience (P < 0.001). Of the subjects with complete data, 22.5% (307/1364) had never received dental scaling, 17.9% (55/307) did not understand the purpose, 12.1% (37/307) replied that it would make the teeth thinner, 11.4% (35/307) replied that the gum space would become wider, and 11.4% (35/307) stated that scaling would damage the gum. In all, 45.9% (298/649) of the subject reported bleeding, 33.7% (139/413) sensitivity, 40.5% (62/153) smaller teeth and 23.9% (84/351) widened gum space because of mistakes made during the procedure; 8.6% (56/649) of those who experienced bleeding, 17.8% (27/152) of those who reported the teeth became smaller and 12% (42/350) of those who stated that the gum space became wider intended to reduce the frequency, delay or not go for scaling. A total of 79.6% (841/1057) experienced one of the perceived problems; 27.8% (234/841) had complained about scaling.
CONCLUSION:
This study shows a common lack of knowledge of dental scaling in the Hong Kong population. Patients should be better informed about the aim before the procedure.
This case report describes an extremely rare case of severe dilaceration (117° palatal inclination) of the root of a maxillary second premolar tooth. Trauma to primary teeth can result in developmental disturbances to permanent successor teeth, including crown and root dilaceration. Dilacerated teeth pose challenges for diagnosis, treatment planning, endodontic access, and extraction. In this case, the maxillary second premolar tooth was severely dilacerated and had to be extracted. Dilaceration is an abnormality that requires a multidisciplinary approach and modified treatment procedures.
- The document describes three cases of patients with multiple impacted supernumerary teeth. Case 1 involved a patient with bilaterally impacted premolars and one horizontally impacted tooth. Case 2 had numerous impacted supernumerary teeth in both jaws. Case 3 had 6 impacted supernumerary teeth, four in the maxilla and two in the mandible.
- Supernumerary teeth can cause complications like impaction, delayed or ectopic eruption, and cyst formation. Treatment depends on the type, position and complications of each supernumerary tooth.
- The cause of supernumerary teeth is unclear but believed to involve both genetic and environmental factors. They are more common in men and the maxilla.
This document discusses suction and retractors used in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It describes the objective of suction as removing fluids, blood, debris, and air from the surgical site to maintain a clear field of view. It outlines different types of suction instruments including tips, tubing, and devices. It also discusses various surgical retractors, their importance for providing exposure and separation of tissues during surgery, materials used, and types including self-retaining retractors. The document serves as a reference for suction and retraction tools in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
This document discusses a study that assessed the knowledge of dental professionals (graduate and post-graduate) regarding the use of bone grafts in dentistry. A survey of 100 dental professionals found that many general dentists do not perform bone grafting and refer such procedures to specialists, as the techniques are sensitive. The study also found that around half of clinicians prefer synthetic bone substitutes like hydroxyapatite ceramic material to avoid surgery for bone grafts, based on patient preference. The document provides background information on different types of bone grafts and their properties and classifications.
Combined orthodontic and prosthetic therapy special considerations.(52)Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Agenesis, the absence of permanent teeth, is a common occurrence among dental patients. The total incidence of tooth agenesis is about 4.2% among patients that are seeking orthodontic treatment and with the exception of third molars, the maxillary lateral incisors are the most common congenitally missing teeth with about a 2% incidence. The maxillary lateral incisor is the second most common congenitally absent tooth. There are several treatment options for replacing the missing maxillary lateral incisor, including canine substitution, tooth-supported restoration, or single-tooth implant. Dental implants are an appropriate treatment option for replacing missing maxillary lateral incisor teeth in adolescents when their dental and skeletal development is complete. This case report presents the treatment of a patient with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor using dental implants. The paper discusses the aspects of pre-prosthetic orthodontic diagnosis and the treatment that needs to be considered with conservative and fixed prosthetic replacement.
Prevalence of Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in Is...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
This study examined the prevalence of tooth agenesis (hypodontia) in 500 orthodontic patients from the Arab population in Israel. The researchers reviewed panoramic radiographs and dental records to identify cases of one or more missing permanent teeth, excluding wisdom teeth. They found a prevalence of 2.6% hypodontia in this sample. The most commonly missing teeth were the mandibular second premolar and maxillary lateral incisor. This prevalence of hypodontia in the Arab population in Israel falls within the typical global range of 1.6-9.6%, providing baseline data on dental anomalies in this population.
This study examined the prevalence of tooth agenesis (hypodontia) in orthodontic patients from the Arab population in Israel. The researchers reviewed panoramic radiographs of 500 patients aged 12-39 years old. They found that 57 patients (2.6% prevalence) had hypodontia, missing a total of 167 permanent teeth. The most commonly missing tooth was the mandibular second premolar. This prevalence of hypodontia in the Arab population of Israel falls within the typical global range of 1.6-9.6%, and indicates hypodontia is present but not unusually high compared to other populations.
A survey on misunderstanding of dental scaling in hong kongCecilia Young 楊幽幽
Abstract
There is no information on the misunderstanding of dental scaling; on whether the misunderstanding affects the general public to go for scaling or not; on complaints about dental scaling and suggestion of who should educate the public in the existing literature. This study gives the information from the general public in Hong Kong.
METHODS:
A cross-sectional survey by telephone interview on a random sample of 1412 subjects aged 13 years and above in Hong Kong was conducted from 3rd January to 15th February 2006.
RESULTS:
More females had received scaling (adjusted OR = 1.73, 95%CI 1.31-2.29 P < 0.001), 51-60 years age group had the highest scaling experience (adjusted OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.55-4.68, P < 0.001). Higher education was related to scaling experience (P < 0.001). Of the subjects with complete data, 22.5% (307/1364) had never received dental scaling, 17.9% (55/307) did not understand the purpose, 12.1% (37/307) replied that it would make the teeth thinner, 11.4% (35/307) replied that the gum space would become wider, and 11.4% (35/307) stated that scaling would damage the gum. In all, 45.9% (298/649) of the subject reported bleeding, 33.7% (139/413) sensitivity, 40.5% (62/153) smaller teeth and 23.9% (84/351) widened gum space because of mistakes made during the procedure; 8.6% (56/649) of those who experienced bleeding, 17.8% (27/152) of those who reported the teeth became smaller and 12% (42/350) of those who stated that the gum space became wider intended to reduce the frequency, delay or not go for scaling. A total of 79.6% (841/1057) experienced one of the perceived problems; 27.8% (234/841) had complained about scaling.
CONCLUSION:
This study shows a common lack of knowledge of dental scaling in the Hong Kong population. Patients should be better informed about the aim before the procedure.
This case report describes an extremely rare case of severe dilaceration (117° palatal inclination) of the root of a maxillary second premolar tooth. Trauma to primary teeth can result in developmental disturbances to permanent successor teeth, including crown and root dilaceration. Dilacerated teeth pose challenges for diagnosis, treatment planning, endodontic access, and extraction. In this case, the maxillary second premolar tooth was severely dilacerated and had to be extracted. Dilaceration is an abnormality that requires a multidisciplinary approach and modified treatment procedures.
- The document describes three cases of patients with multiple impacted supernumerary teeth. Case 1 involved a patient with bilaterally impacted premolars and one horizontally impacted tooth. Case 2 had numerous impacted supernumerary teeth in both jaws. Case 3 had 6 impacted supernumerary teeth, four in the maxilla and two in the mandible.
- Supernumerary teeth can cause complications like impaction, delayed or ectopic eruption, and cyst formation. Treatment depends on the type, position and complications of each supernumerary tooth.
- The cause of supernumerary teeth is unclear but believed to involve both genetic and environmental factors. They are more common in men and the maxilla.
This document discusses suction and retractors used in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It describes the objective of suction as removing fluids, blood, debris, and air from the surgical site to maintain a clear field of view. It outlines different types of suction instruments including tips, tubing, and devices. It also discusses various surgical retractors, their importance for providing exposure and separation of tissues during surgery, materials used, and types including self-retaining retractors. The document serves as a reference for suction and retraction tools in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
This document discusses a study that assessed the knowledge of dental professionals (graduate and post-graduate) regarding the use of bone grafts in dentistry. A survey of 100 dental professionals found that many general dentists do not perform bone grafting and refer such procedures to specialists, as the techniques are sensitive. The study also found that around half of clinicians prefer synthetic bone substitutes like hydroxyapatite ceramic material to avoid surgery for bone grafts, based on patient preference. The document provides background information on different types of bone grafts and their properties and classifications.
Combined orthodontic and prosthetic therapy special considerations.(52)Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Agenesis, the absence of permanent teeth, is a common occurrence among dental patients. The total incidence of tooth agenesis is about 4.2% among patients that are seeking orthodontic treatment and with the exception of third molars, the maxillary lateral incisors are the most common congenitally missing teeth with about a 2% incidence. The maxillary lateral incisor is the second most common congenitally absent tooth. There are several treatment options for replacing the missing maxillary lateral incisor, including canine substitution, tooth-supported restoration, or single-tooth implant. Dental implants are an appropriate treatment option for replacing missing maxillary lateral incisor teeth in adolescents when their dental and skeletal development is complete. This case report presents the treatment of a patient with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor using dental implants. The paper discusses the aspects of pre-prosthetic orthodontic diagnosis and the treatment that needs to be considered with conservative and fixed prosthetic replacement.
This document discusses mixed dentition space analysis, which is used to predict space requirements for unerupted permanent teeth during the mixed dentition period from ages 6 to 12 years. Accurate prediction is important for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The document outlines three main methods for mixed dentition space analysis: 1) using measurements of erupted permanent teeth on dental casts to predict sizes of unerupted teeth, 2) measuring unerupted teeth directly on radiographs, and 3) combining the first two methods. It provides details on several commonly used techniques within each category to facilitate space prediction and assessment of crowding or spacing in the dental arches.
This systematic review compares the success rates of Endosequence bioceramic root repair material (BCRRM), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and calcium hydroxide for apexification of necrotic immature permanent teeth. 9 studies met the inclusion criteria for review. The studies found that all three materials had similar success rates in terms of clinical symptoms. However, MTA and Endosequence BCRRM formed the apical barrier faster and allowed for single visit treatment, making them superior to calcium hydroxide which took 5-20 months. Further research is needed directly comparing MTA and Endosequence BCRRM.
Electric toothbrushes were found to be more effective than manual toothbrushes in reducing plaque in three randomized controlled trials. All three trials conclusively showed statistically significant reductions in plaque with electric toothbrushes compared to manual toothbrushes. However, the evidence was deemed to be of insufficient quality to definitively state electric toothbrushes are more effective due to limitations of the studies. More high-quality research is needed to strengthen the evidence.
This meta-analysis evaluates the reliability of published evidence on regenerative endodontic procedures. It summarizes clinical and radiographic findings from studies on treating non-vital immature permanent teeth using regenerative techniques. The analysis finds good success rates for tooth survival and pathology resolution, but variable results for outcomes like apex closure and root development. Regenerative procedures are improving but factors important for success remain unclear, indicating more research is needed.
This study evaluated the efficacy of two different root canal sealers - AH Plus and MTA Fillapex - in strengthening teeth during endodontic therapy. 75 single-rooted teeth were instrumented and divided into 3 groups: Group A used AH Plus sealer, Group B used MTA Fillapex sealer, and Group C was unfilled. Obturated teeth were embedded in resin and force was applied until fracture. Teeth filled with AH Plus required the most force (235.9N) to fracture, followed by MTA Fillapex (168.5N), with unfilled teeth fracturing at the least force (90.7N). The authors concluded that AH Plus provided greater strength than
Prevalence of traumatic dental injury in arab israeli communityAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Abstract: Traumatic dental injury (TDI) in school children has become a serious dental public health problem in developing and developed countries. Worldwide research clearly shows that the prevalence of TDI is increasing.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to clinical compare without use radiograph film in comparing between groups of boys and girls which complain of traumatic fracture of anterior permanent teeth in enamel and dentine reigns with or with out Pulp rom records of patients aged 9-12years.
Design: A descriptive cross-sectional survey in Arab Israeli schoolchildren between 2003-2015.
Subjects: A sample of 4262 ,Arab Israeli schoolchildren (2344(55%)) males and 1918(45%)) females) aged 9-12years ,were interviewed and examined between 2003-2015in different dental private clinics in Israel.
Results: Among the 4262 schoolchildren examined, 520(12,2%) had experienced traumatic dental injuries (TDIs). Males had experienced a significantly higher prevalence of trauma 340(8%) than females 180(4,2%) .
Conclusion: Overall traumatised permanent incisors were found to occur fairly
frequently with males having experienced significantly more TDIs than females. Theprevalence of TDIs in Arab Israeli schoolchildren was 12,2%; enamel fractures were the most frequently observed injury and falls were the leading cause of trauma.
Keywords: Permanent Teeth, School Children, Trauma,Arab Israeli(Arab48)
- Almost half of the participants were completely satisfied with their dental appearance and tooth colour.
- Satisfaction differed between age groups and dental status - half of younger/middle-aged patients with natural teeth were completely satisfied, while half of older patients were moderately satisfied.
- Those with composite restorations were mostly moderately satisfied with appearance, while over 70% of older patients were dissatisfied with their tooth colour.
- A survey was conducted of 220 patients at a Nigerian hospital to evaluate their knowledge of options for replacing missing teeth, including dental implants.
- While 92.5% knew teeth can be replaced, only 28.9% were aware of dental implants as an option, with most learning about it from dentists.
- Awareness and understanding of dental implants was low, with just over a third of those who heard of it understanding costs. The study found low levels of awareness about dental implants as a tooth replacement option in this environment.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of impacted maxillary canines in the Palestinian population visiting a dental center in Israel between 2006-2013. The researchers examined 4250 patient records and found an overall prevalence of impacted canines to be 3.7%, higher than previous studies. Specifically, the prevalence was 0.8% in males and 1.1% in females, suggesting a higher rate in females. Most impacted canines were palatally positioned. The results differed slightly from other studies, possibly due to differences in sample selection, study methods, and patient populations examined. Accurate assessment of an impacted canine's position is important to determine the appropriate treatment approach.
THE PREVALENCE OF DENTAL CARIES IN PERMANENT DENTITION FOR 12 SCHOOL CHILDREN...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries among 12-year-old school children in Northern Palestine. Researchers examined 357 children and found that 84% had experienced dental caries, with a DMFT index mean of 3.45. Girls had a higher DMFT score than boys. The Care Experience Index was very low at 6.7%, indicating poor oral hygiene. The results provide evidence that oral health programs in Northern Palestinian schools need improvement, with an emphasis on oral hygiene instruction and preventive dentistry.
This study examined the prevalence of impacted maxillary canines in the Arab population in Israel. The researchers reviewed records of 4250 patients and found 82 cases of impacted canines, a prevalence of 3.7%. Females had a higher prevalence than males, at 1.1% versus 0.8%. Most cases were unilateral, with the left side being more commonly impacted. The results suggest racial and genetic factors may influence canine impaction rates, as this population had a higher prevalence than previous studies in other areas. Early diagnosis and treatment of impacted canines can help guide them into proper alignment and avoid more complex treatment needs.
Lingual appliances reduce white spot lesion ajodo articleRYOON-KI HONG
1) The study assessed the incidence of white spot lesions (WSLs) in patients treated with customized lingual orthodontic appliances.
2) Of the total patients and teeth assessed, 41.95% of patients and 3.19% of teeth developed at least one new WSL.
3) The frequency of WSLs was lower than has been reported in previous studies of patients treated with conventional labial appliances. Treatment duration had a significant effect on WSL formation for some tooth groups.
This document summarizes the management of dentoalveolar fractures. It begins by classifying different types of dentoalveolar injuries including injuries to the tooth crown and root, periodontium, and bone. It then discusses the initial assessment and management of different injury types such as concussion, subluxation, extrusive luxation, and avulsion. Management may include repositioning displaced teeth, splinting, antibiotics, and endodontic treatment. Factors like dry time, stage of root development, and splinting time are considered. Alveolar fractures can require open or closed reduction and fixation depending on severity. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of dentoalveolar injuries is important to achieve
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the global prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and factors influencing prevalence. The review identified 114 studies involving over 34,000 individuals and 639,000 teeth. It found that 52% of individuals had at least one tooth with AP. The prevalence of AP was higher in dental clinics (57%) and hospitals (51%) than the general population (40%). Prevalence was also higher in people with systemic conditions (63%) versus healthy individuals (48%). Half of adults worldwide have at least one tooth with AP, demonstrating the hidden burden of endodontic disease globally.
This study investigated the craniofacial morphology and growth of cleft palate patients. Common findings among patients included anterior crossbite, a reduced and posteriorly positioned maxilla. Frequent orthodontic issues were deviations of the upper incisors, missing teeth in the cleft area, and asymmetries of the upper dental arch. Regarding growth, some patients had normal facial development while others exhibited a hypoplastic maxilla and middle third of the face. The study aimed to characterize the morphological features and growth patterns of cleft palate patients' craniofacial complexes to help establish appropriate treatment protocols.
The document discusses the management of oro-craniofacial abnormalities, which have increased in incidence over recent decades. A multidisciplinary team approach is needed to diagnose and treat these deformities, which usually begin at birth and may continue into a patient's 20s. Treatment involves various surgical and non-surgical procedures at different ages, with the overall goals of improving patient aesthetics, confidence, and quality of life.
This review paper analyzed 1300 publications in the Journal of Maxillofacial Oral Surgery from 2009 to 2020 to evaluate trends in levels of evidence. The analysis found that case reports and narrative reviews with a level D evidence accounted for 36% of publications. The majority (35%) of articles fell under maxillofacial pathology. The percentage of higher levels of evidence (A and B) increased from 2.09% in 2009/2010 to 12.74% in 2019/2020, indicating improving research quality over time. Categorizing publications by level of evidence and topic can help refine research quality in the journal going forward.
This case report describes an adult patient who presented with an anterior open bite that was associated with breathing problems. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed the open bite was due to skeletal factors including an increased lower anterior facial height and hyperdivergent skeletal planes. The patient's breathing problems acted synergistically with her skeletal pattern to cause and worsen the open bite over time as her mandible rotated counterclockwise to open and facilitate breathing. Treatment of the open bite would need to address both the skeletal and respiratory etiological factors.
This study investigated the skeletal changes in the facial structures of 30 patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusions who were treated using functional jaw orthopedic appliances. Cephalometric analyses before and after treatment showed that treatment resulted in reduced overjet, mandibular advancement, and increased total mandibular length. Specifically, overjet decreased by an average of 2.46 mm, mandible advanced by an average of 2.72 mm, and total mandibular length increased by an average of 4.17 mm. While maxillary development was inhibited by an average of 1.57 degrees, the correction of the anterior-posterior discrepancy was mainly due to changes in mandibular position and growth rather than changes to the maxilla
This document discusses mixed dentition space analysis, which is used to predict space requirements for unerupted permanent teeth during the mixed dentition period from ages 6 to 12 years. Accurate prediction is important for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The document outlines three main methods for mixed dentition space analysis: 1) using measurements of erupted permanent teeth on dental casts to predict sizes of unerupted teeth, 2) measuring unerupted teeth directly on radiographs, and 3) combining the first two methods. It provides details on several commonly used techniques within each category to facilitate space prediction and assessment of crowding or spacing in the dental arches.
This systematic review compares the success rates of Endosequence bioceramic root repair material (BCRRM), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and calcium hydroxide for apexification of necrotic immature permanent teeth. 9 studies met the inclusion criteria for review. The studies found that all three materials had similar success rates in terms of clinical symptoms. However, MTA and Endosequence BCRRM formed the apical barrier faster and allowed for single visit treatment, making them superior to calcium hydroxide which took 5-20 months. Further research is needed directly comparing MTA and Endosequence BCRRM.
Electric toothbrushes were found to be more effective than manual toothbrushes in reducing plaque in three randomized controlled trials. All three trials conclusively showed statistically significant reductions in plaque with electric toothbrushes compared to manual toothbrushes. However, the evidence was deemed to be of insufficient quality to definitively state electric toothbrushes are more effective due to limitations of the studies. More high-quality research is needed to strengthen the evidence.
This meta-analysis evaluates the reliability of published evidence on regenerative endodontic procedures. It summarizes clinical and radiographic findings from studies on treating non-vital immature permanent teeth using regenerative techniques. The analysis finds good success rates for tooth survival and pathology resolution, but variable results for outcomes like apex closure and root development. Regenerative procedures are improving but factors important for success remain unclear, indicating more research is needed.
This study evaluated the efficacy of two different root canal sealers - AH Plus and MTA Fillapex - in strengthening teeth during endodontic therapy. 75 single-rooted teeth were instrumented and divided into 3 groups: Group A used AH Plus sealer, Group B used MTA Fillapex sealer, and Group C was unfilled. Obturated teeth were embedded in resin and force was applied until fracture. Teeth filled with AH Plus required the most force (235.9N) to fracture, followed by MTA Fillapex (168.5N), with unfilled teeth fracturing at the least force (90.7N). The authors concluded that AH Plus provided greater strength than
Prevalence of traumatic dental injury in arab israeli communityAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Abstract: Traumatic dental injury (TDI) in school children has become a serious dental public health problem in developing and developed countries. Worldwide research clearly shows that the prevalence of TDI is increasing.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to clinical compare without use radiograph film in comparing between groups of boys and girls which complain of traumatic fracture of anterior permanent teeth in enamel and dentine reigns with or with out Pulp rom records of patients aged 9-12years.
Design: A descriptive cross-sectional survey in Arab Israeli schoolchildren between 2003-2015.
Subjects: A sample of 4262 ,Arab Israeli schoolchildren (2344(55%)) males and 1918(45%)) females) aged 9-12years ,were interviewed and examined between 2003-2015in different dental private clinics in Israel.
Results: Among the 4262 schoolchildren examined, 520(12,2%) had experienced traumatic dental injuries (TDIs). Males had experienced a significantly higher prevalence of trauma 340(8%) than females 180(4,2%) .
Conclusion: Overall traumatised permanent incisors were found to occur fairly
frequently with males having experienced significantly more TDIs than females. Theprevalence of TDIs in Arab Israeli schoolchildren was 12,2%; enamel fractures were the most frequently observed injury and falls were the leading cause of trauma.
Keywords: Permanent Teeth, School Children, Trauma,Arab Israeli(Arab48)
- Almost half of the participants were completely satisfied with their dental appearance and tooth colour.
- Satisfaction differed between age groups and dental status - half of younger/middle-aged patients with natural teeth were completely satisfied, while half of older patients were moderately satisfied.
- Those with composite restorations were mostly moderately satisfied with appearance, while over 70% of older patients were dissatisfied with their tooth colour.
- A survey was conducted of 220 patients at a Nigerian hospital to evaluate their knowledge of options for replacing missing teeth, including dental implants.
- While 92.5% knew teeth can be replaced, only 28.9% were aware of dental implants as an option, with most learning about it from dentists.
- Awareness and understanding of dental implants was low, with just over a third of those who heard of it understanding costs. The study found low levels of awareness about dental implants as a tooth replacement option in this environment.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of impacted maxillary canines in the Palestinian population visiting a dental center in Israel between 2006-2013. The researchers examined 4250 patient records and found an overall prevalence of impacted canines to be 3.7%, higher than previous studies. Specifically, the prevalence was 0.8% in males and 1.1% in females, suggesting a higher rate in females. Most impacted canines were palatally positioned. The results differed slightly from other studies, possibly due to differences in sample selection, study methods, and patient populations examined. Accurate assessment of an impacted canine's position is important to determine the appropriate treatment approach.
THE PREVALENCE OF DENTAL CARIES IN PERMANENT DENTITION FOR 12 SCHOOL CHILDREN...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries among 12-year-old school children in Northern Palestine. Researchers examined 357 children and found that 84% had experienced dental caries, with a DMFT index mean of 3.45. Girls had a higher DMFT score than boys. The Care Experience Index was very low at 6.7%, indicating poor oral hygiene. The results provide evidence that oral health programs in Northern Palestinian schools need improvement, with an emphasis on oral hygiene instruction and preventive dentistry.
This study examined the prevalence of impacted maxillary canines in the Arab population in Israel. The researchers reviewed records of 4250 patients and found 82 cases of impacted canines, a prevalence of 3.7%. Females had a higher prevalence than males, at 1.1% versus 0.8%. Most cases were unilateral, with the left side being more commonly impacted. The results suggest racial and genetic factors may influence canine impaction rates, as this population had a higher prevalence than previous studies in other areas. Early diagnosis and treatment of impacted canines can help guide them into proper alignment and avoid more complex treatment needs.
Lingual appliances reduce white spot lesion ajodo articleRYOON-KI HONG
1) The study assessed the incidence of white spot lesions (WSLs) in patients treated with customized lingual orthodontic appliances.
2) Of the total patients and teeth assessed, 41.95% of patients and 3.19% of teeth developed at least one new WSL.
3) The frequency of WSLs was lower than has been reported in previous studies of patients treated with conventional labial appliances. Treatment duration had a significant effect on WSL formation for some tooth groups.
This document summarizes the management of dentoalveolar fractures. It begins by classifying different types of dentoalveolar injuries including injuries to the tooth crown and root, periodontium, and bone. It then discusses the initial assessment and management of different injury types such as concussion, subluxation, extrusive luxation, and avulsion. Management may include repositioning displaced teeth, splinting, antibiotics, and endodontic treatment. Factors like dry time, stage of root development, and splinting time are considered. Alveolar fractures can require open or closed reduction and fixation depending on severity. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of dentoalveolar injuries is important to achieve
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the global prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and factors influencing prevalence. The review identified 114 studies involving over 34,000 individuals and 639,000 teeth. It found that 52% of individuals had at least one tooth with AP. The prevalence of AP was higher in dental clinics (57%) and hospitals (51%) than the general population (40%). Prevalence was also higher in people with systemic conditions (63%) versus healthy individuals (48%). Half of adults worldwide have at least one tooth with AP, demonstrating the hidden burden of endodontic disease globally.
This study investigated the craniofacial morphology and growth of cleft palate patients. Common findings among patients included anterior crossbite, a reduced and posteriorly positioned maxilla. Frequent orthodontic issues were deviations of the upper incisors, missing teeth in the cleft area, and asymmetries of the upper dental arch. Regarding growth, some patients had normal facial development while others exhibited a hypoplastic maxilla and middle third of the face. The study aimed to characterize the morphological features and growth patterns of cleft palate patients' craniofacial complexes to help establish appropriate treatment protocols.
The document discusses the management of oro-craniofacial abnormalities, which have increased in incidence over recent decades. A multidisciplinary team approach is needed to diagnose and treat these deformities, which usually begin at birth and may continue into a patient's 20s. Treatment involves various surgical and non-surgical procedures at different ages, with the overall goals of improving patient aesthetics, confidence, and quality of life.
This review paper analyzed 1300 publications in the Journal of Maxillofacial Oral Surgery from 2009 to 2020 to evaluate trends in levels of evidence. The analysis found that case reports and narrative reviews with a level D evidence accounted for 36% of publications. The majority (35%) of articles fell under maxillofacial pathology. The percentage of higher levels of evidence (A and B) increased from 2.09% in 2009/2010 to 12.74% in 2019/2020, indicating improving research quality over time. Categorizing publications by level of evidence and topic can help refine research quality in the journal going forward.
This case report describes an adult patient who presented with an anterior open bite that was associated with breathing problems. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed the open bite was due to skeletal factors including an increased lower anterior facial height and hyperdivergent skeletal planes. The patient's breathing problems acted synergistically with her skeletal pattern to cause and worsen the open bite over time as her mandible rotated counterclockwise to open and facilitate breathing. Treatment of the open bite would need to address both the skeletal and respiratory etiological factors.
This study investigated the skeletal changes in the facial structures of 30 patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusions who were treated using functional jaw orthopedic appliances. Cephalometric analyses before and after treatment showed that treatment resulted in reduced overjet, mandibular advancement, and increased total mandibular length. Specifically, overjet decreased by an average of 2.46 mm, mandible advanced by an average of 2.72 mm, and total mandibular length increased by an average of 4.17 mm. While maxillary development was inhibited by an average of 1.57 degrees, the correction of the anterior-posterior discrepancy was mainly due to changes in mandibular position and growth rather than changes to the maxilla
The document is about the 2014 Formula One Grand Prix of Spain that took place in Barcelona. It provides a link to formula1online.net for viewers to watch footage of the Grand Prix event from that year held in Spain. In less than 3 sentences, it introduces the topic of the 2014 Spanish Grand Prix Formula One race and directs readers to an online source to view the event.
Este documento proporciona un inventario de personas ordenadas alfabéticamente por nombre y apellido. Incluye información como el número de identificación, nombres, apellidos, tipo y número de documento de identidad y sexo de cada persona. El inventario contiene más de 100 entradas y proporciona los datos personales de forma estructurada en una tabla.
El documento resume los resultados de dos partidos de fútbol y la carrera de rally de Australia. En fútbol, el Tenerife y el Real Valladolid empataron a 2 goles y el Oviedo derrotó al Barcelona 2-1 en los últimos 5 minutos. En rallys, Carlos Sainz terminó segundo en Australia y ahora peleará por el título mundial en el RAC, donde necesita ganar o terminar al menos dos puestos por delante de Tommi Makinen.
El documento ofrece consejos y palabras de aliento para ayudar a las personas a superar momentos difíciles. Aconseja que aunque a veces la vida parece no tener solución y el dolor es grande, eventualmente el corazón volverá a renacer y sonreír. Recomienda unirse a personas que brindan su corazón desinteresadamente, vivir cada día como si fuera el primero, y seguir adelante sin importar lo que pase.
Minerals form through crystallization as elements in magma or dissolved in water solutions solidify into crystals. Magma crystallization produces minerals through slow cooling underground or rapid cooling when lava reaches the surface. Slowly cooled underground magma results in larger mineral crystals, while rapidly cooled lava produces smaller crystals. Water solutions deposit minerals as crystals through evaporation, such as salt precipitating from seawater.
The document discusses common reasons for executive failure within the first 18 months, including an inability to build relationships, failure to adapt to company culture, and misaligned expectations between the executive and company. It then describes 6 Group's Accelerated Performance Programme which aims to increase executive success rates by clearly defining expectations, establishing a sense of urgency, developing a vision and plan, and consolidating early successes. The programme merges assessment and onboarding processes to accelerate an executive's performance from day one.
El documento discute los cambios en las técnicas de enseñanza de los docentes a medida que la tecnología ha avanzado, incluidas las pizarras, láminas, videos y materiales en la web. Afirma que aunque algunas tecnologías como las pizarras siguen siendo útiles, los docentes ahora reconocen que los estudiantes están expuestos a los medios y obtienen información a través de ellos. Argumenta que lo más importante no es la cantidad de información disponible sino cómo se analiza, y que ignorar los mensajes de
development of smart automated irrigation systemIJEAB
This study is designed to develop an automatic irrigation system that switches (ON/OFF) a pump motor by sensing the moisture content of the soil using wireless technology. Through GSM Modem, the sensed moisture content data will be sent as an SMS to the user. The project uses 8051 series microcontroller, which is programmed to receive the input signal of varying moistures of the soil through sensors. This is achieved by using an op-amp as comparator which acts as interface between the sensing device and the microcontroller. Once the controller receives the signal, it generates an output that drives a relay for operating the water pump. It also sends an SMS to the concerned number using GSM modem. An LCD display is also interfaced to the microcontroller to display the status of the soil and water pump ON/Off condition. The sensing arrangement is made using two stiff metallic rods inserted to the agricultural field required to be in control. Connections from the metallic rods are interfaced to the control unit. This concept can also be enhanced by integrating XBEE/Bluetooth technology, such that whenever the water pump switches ON/OFF, the information is sent to a smart mobile phone or XBEE transceiver module regarding the status of the pump.
This document appears to be a list of names including Jon Renau, Raquel Welch, Envy Wigs, West Bay Inc., Tony of Beverly, Wells Wigs Unlimited, and WigsUnlimited.com along with a phone number 503-626-2727. The names seem related to wigs and wig companies or retailers.
Multidisciplinary approach in the rehabilitation of congenitally missing late...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Agenesis, the absence of permanent teeth, is a common occurrence among dental patients. The total incidence of tooth agenesis is about 4.2% among patients that are seeking orthodontic treatment and with the exception of third molars, the maxillary lateral incisors are the most common congenitally missing teeth with about a 2% incidence. The maxillary lateral incisor is the second most common congenitally absent tooth. There are several treatment options for replacing the missing maxillary lateral incisor, including canine substitution, tooth-supported restoration, or single-tooth implant. Dental implants are an appropriate treatment option for replacing missing maxillary lateral incisor teeth in adolescents when their dental and skeletal development is complete. This case report presents the treatment of a patient with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor using dental implants. The paper discusses the aspects of pre-prosthetic orthodontic diagnosis and the treatment that needs to be considered with conservative and fixed prosthetic replacement.
Hypodontia in Permanent Dentition in Patients with Cleft Lip and PalateAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Hypodontia, or congenitally missing teeth, occurs more frequently in patients with cleft lip and/or palate compared to the general population. Several studies have found that unilateral clefts have a higher rate of hypodontia than bilateral clefts. The most common missing teeth are maxillary lateral incisors, particularly on the cleft side, and maxillary second premolars. Hypodontia rates range from 8-36.8% in cleft patients and increases with severity and extent of the cleft. Proper treatment of hypodontia in cleft patients involves orthodontics followed by prosthodontics.
Role of Pediatric Dentist - Orthodontic In Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate Patientsiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Supernumerary teeth, or extra teeth beyond the normal number, are a developmental dental anomaly that have been found to occur more frequently in patients with cleft lip and palate. This document reviews several studies that have examined the prevalence of supernumerary teeth in patients with cleft lip and/or palate, finding reported rates ranging from 11.7% to 29.2%. Multiple studies found the highest prevalence of supernumerary teeth occurred in the maxillary anterior region near the cleft site. The increased frequency of supernumerary teeth in cleft patients is thought to be related to the splitting of the dental lamina during cleft formation.
Clinical study of impacted maxillary canine in the Arab population in IsraelAbu-Hussein Muhamad
The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of impacted maxillary canine in patients in Arabs
Community in Israel (ARAB48,Israel) visiting our Center For Dentistry,Research & Aesthetics,Jatt,Almothalath,Israel,
4250 patients . This study comprises data from patients who attended the O.P.D.2200 patients between Jun. 2006 to Dec
2013. Patients were examined in order to detect the impacted maxillary canines by intraoral examination, palpation, dental
records and followed by radiographs. It was found that the prevalence of canine impaction was 0,8 % (N=4250), 1,6
(N=2200), 43,9 (N-82) in males and 1,1% (N=4250), 2,1 (N=2200), 56,1 (N-82) in females suggesting that prevalence of
impacted maxillary canines is more in females than males and it is statistically significant. The overall prevalence for
maxillary impacted canines was found to be 3,7 % (N=2200) which suggested that it is much higher than previous studies.
The results of this study were slightly different than other studies, while the dissimilarities may be attributed to the sample
selection, method of the study and area of patient selection, which suggest racial and genetic differences.
Prevalence of Missing Lateral Incisor Agenesis in an Or¬thodontic Arabs Popul...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
This study examined the prevalence of congenital absence (agenesis) of maxillary lateral incisors in 2,200 orthodontic patients of Arab descent in Israel. The researchers reviewed panoramic radiographs from 2006-2013 and found that 24 patients, or 1.1%, had agenesis of one or both maxillary lateral incisors. Specifically, 13 females (54.2%) and 11 males (45.8%) were missing their lateral incisors. This suggests the prevalence of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis in this population is 1.1%, providing data to compare to other studies on tooth agenesis frequencies.
Role of pediatric dentist orthodontic in cleft lip and cleft palate patients Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Cleft Lip and Palate is severe birth defect occurring one in 700-1000 newborn infants. Cleft lip and palate together account for 50% of all cases whereas isolated cleft lip and palate occur in about 25% of cases. Management of Cleft Lip and Palate is carried out by multi disciplinary team approach. When ever a child is born with cleft lip and palate or one of them, it interferes with feeding and speech and hampers esthetic severely. Consequently it is psychologically traumatic to both patients as well as for their family members. Patients with cleft lip and palate are also are at high risk for dental diseases. So in such situation proper education, guidance, motivation and encouragement are required. Pre and post surgically pediatric dentist and orthodontics helps the patient by providing functionally and esthetically acceptable occlusion, good oral hygiene and preventive dental care. This paper describes the treatment protocol of pediatric dentistry and orthodontic with cleft lip and palate.
Maxillary midline diastema is a common esthetic problem in mixed and permanent dentition. The space can occur either as a transient malocclusion or created by developmental, pathological or iatrogenic factors. Many innovative therapies are available from restorative procedures such as composite build-up to surgery (frenectomies) and Orthodontics is available. Treatment depends upon the correct diagnosis of its etiology and early intervention relevant to the specific etiology. The aim of this article is to review the possible aetiology and management options which will help the clinician to diagnose, intercept and to take effective actionto correct the midline diastema.
Esthetic Management of Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors With Single Toot...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. Several treatment options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors.This case report addresses the fundamental considerations related to replacement of a congenitally missing lateral incisor by a team approach.
Esthetic Management of Congenitally Missing Lateral Incisors With Single Toot...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. Several treatment options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors.This case report addresses the fundamental considerations related to replacement of a congenitally missing lateral incisor by a team approach.
Tooth agenesis is the most prevalent craniofacial congenital anomaly in humans. The term refers to an isolated disorder in the absence of non-dental phenotypes but is also used to describe the manifestation of missing teeth in syndromes. The affected individuals suffer from compromised masticatory functions and have decreased quality of life. Discerning the genetic etiology of tooth agenesis not only improves our understanding of normal tooth development but also provides a fundamental basis for developing potential therapeutic strategies for this anomaly. To date, MSX1, Pax9, Axin2, Eda, And Wnt10a have been established as candidate genes associated with non-syndromic tooth agenesis.This article reviews the recently discovered genes involved in dental agenesis , and provides an update on the aetiological factors underlying this common malformation.
This case report discusses the treatment of a patient with congenitally missing upper lateral incisors. There were two treatment options considered: opening the spaces for prosthetic replacement or closing the spaces via canine substitution. The parents chose to close the spaces orthodontically. Fixed appliances were used to retract the canines into the lateral incisor spaces and extract mandibular premolars to relieve crowding. After treatment, the canines were reshaped to resemble lateral incisors. The final result had a Class I occlusion and improved esthetics. The report evaluates considerations for treating missing lateral incisors cases.
Traumatic Dental Injuries to Permanent Anterior Teeth, Relation with Age and...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
This study examined the prevalence and characteristics of traumatic dental injuries among 9-12 year old Arab Israeli schoolchildren. A sample of 4,262 schoolchildren were clinically examined between 2012-2015. The overall prevalence of traumatic dental injuries was found to be 12.2%. Males experienced a significantly higher prevalence (8%) than females (4.2%). Enamel fractures were the most common type of injury. The prevalence of injuries was highest in 9 year olds and declined with increasing age. Males generally experienced more severe injuries than females. This cross-sectional study provides data on traumatic dental injuries among schoolchildren in the Arab Israeli community.
Clinical study of impacted maxillary canine in the Arab population in IsraelAbu-Hussein Muhamad
The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of impacted maxillary canine in patients in Arabs Community in Israel (ARAB48,Israel) visiting our Center For Dentistry,Research & Aesthetics,Jatt,Almothalath,Israel, 4250 patients . This study comprises data from patients who attended the O.P.D.2200 patients between Jun. 2006 to Dec 2013. Patients were examined in order to detect the impacted maxillary canines by intraoral examination, palpation, dental records and followed by radiographs. It was found that the prevalence of canine impaction was 0,8 % (N=4250), 1,6 (N=2200), 43,9 (N-82) in males and 1,1% (N=4250), 2,1 (N=2200), 56,1 (N-82) in females suggesting that prevalence of impacted maxillary canines is more in females than males and it is statistically significant. The overall prevalence for maxillary impacted canines was found to be 3,7 % (N=2200) which suggested that it is much higher than previous studies. The results of this study were slightly different than other studies, while the dissimilarities may be attributed to the sample selection, method of the study and area of patient selection, which suggest racial and genetic differences.
PROSTHODONTIC MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA: A CASE REP...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
This document discusses the prosthodontic management of patients with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), a hereditary condition affecting the structure and appearance of enamel. It provides background on AI, including classification, genetic causes, clinical implications such as sensitivity and rapid wear, and impact on growth. Treatment considerations are outlined for the primary, mixed, and permanent dentitions. The focus case describes a patient with AI who was rehabilitated using full-mouth zirconium oxide ceramic fixed bridges over 3 years, leaving the patient satisfied with function, esthetics, and speech.
Unilateral Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis with Mini Implant Prostheses: A...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Orthodontic management for patients with single or bilateral congenitally missing permanent lateral incisors is a
challenge to effective treatment planning. Over the last several decades, dentistry has focused on several treatment
modalities for replacement of missing teeth. The two major alternative treatment options are orthodontic space
closure or space opening for prosthetic replacements. For patients with high aesthetic expectations implants are one
of the treatment of choices, especially when it comes to replacement of missing maxillary lateral incisors and
mandibular incisors. Edentulous areas where the available bone is compromised to use conventional implants with
2.5 mm or more in diameter, narrow diameter implants with less than 2.5 mm diameter can be successfully used.
This case report deals with managing a compromised situation in the region of maxillary lateral incisor using a
narrow diameter implant.
Introduction: Impaction of maxillary canines is a frequently encountered clinical problem in orthodontic therapy. When a preventive approach fails, treatment involves surgical exposure of the impacted tooth, followed by orthodontic traction to guide and align it into the dental arch. The aim of the present report was to demonstrate by case reports of an adult patient with bilateral impacted maxillary canines treated with surgical exposure and orthodontic treatment
Introduction: Impaction of maxillary canines is a frequently encountered clinical problem in orthodontic therapy. When a preventive approach fails, treatment involves surgical exposure of the impacted tooth, followed by orthodontic traction to guide and align it into the dental arch. The aim of the present report was to demonstrate by case reports of an adult patient with bilateral impacted maxillary canines treated with surgical exposure and orthodontic treatment.
The document discusses the etiology and treatment of maxillary midline diastemas. It reviews common causes such as imperfect fusion of the premaxilla, enlarged labial frenulum, oral habits, missing lateral incisors, supernumerary teeth, and periodontal disease. The prevalence varies in different populations from 1.6-25.4% and is usually more common in females. Treatment depends on accurate diagnosis of the cause, with early intervention recommended for larger diastemas. Options include frenectomy, orthodontics, and restorative procedures.
Similar to Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in Israel (20)
Congenital absence of maxillary lateral incisors is a frequent clinical challenge which must be solved by a multidisciplinary approach in order to obtain an
esthetic and functional restorative treatment. . Fixed prosthodontic and removable prostheses, resin bonded retainers, orthodontic movement of maxillary
canine to the lateral incisor site and single tooth implants represent the available treatment modalities to replace congenitally missing teeth. This case report
demonstrates the team approach in prosthetic and surgical considerations and techniques for managing the lack of lateral incisors. The aims of this case
report of replacement of bilaterally congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors with dental implants.
Aesthetic Management of Fractured Anteriors: A Case ReportAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Coronal fracture of anterior teeth is an important topic for esthetic dentistry. Such fractures may jeopardize esthetics, function, tissue biology
and occlusal physiology, thus endangering tooth vitality and integrity. Coronal fractures resulting from dental trauma most frequently occur to the maxillary
anterior teeth of adolescents and less frequently to mandibular teeth. Adult teeth may also suffer traumatic fracture, although less frequently than for
adolescents.
Case Report: In our case, an economical and time-saving novel technique has been described for direct composite restoration in a young patient with
uncomplicated fractured maxillary anterior tooth.
Conclusion: As restoring a fractured tooth is a complex procedure, this technique can prove as a simple, effective and appropriate technique that will fulfill all
the requirements of dental personnel. This technique can also prove to be easy for inexperienced beginner clinicians without requiring special skills in
providing the patients with direct composite restorations.
Impacted Maxillary Central Incisors: Surgical Exposure and Orthodontic Treat...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
The maxillary permanent central incisor develops early in life and forms part of an aesthetic smile. Disruption of the formation or eruption of the permanent
central incisor has multiple etiological factors. Treatment options depend to some extent on the cause of failure of eruption of the central incisor. Generally,
the earlier treatment is provided, the higher the likelihood of success and the less the complexity. Our results suggest that close monitoring and interdisciplinary
cooperation during the treatment phases led to a successful esthetic result, with good periodontal health and functional occlusion.
Excess of space in the dental arch is diagnosed as a
generalised spacing or a local divergence, often
observed in the maxillary anterior region, as a median
diastema, traumatic loss of central incisors, or
congenital absence of lateral incisors. Furthermore,
spacing is observed in aging individuals, due to
pathological migration of teeth caused by
periodontitis. Finally, adult individuals with partial
edentulous jaws demand pre-prosthetic orthodontic
treatment from functional aspects. Thus, indication for
orthodontic treatment in subjects with spacing of teeth
exists for aesthetic reasons, but also for facilitating
prosthetic restorations with optimal occlusalstability.
Dental implants represent one of the most successful treatment modalities in dentistry.
However, failures do occur in the range from 5 to 8% for routine procedures and up to 20% in major grafting
cases after at least 5 years of function . The majority of implant losses may be explained as biomechanically
induced failures, since low primary implant stability, low bone density, short implants and overload have been
identified as risk factors . Hence, achievement and maintenance of implant stability are pre-conditions for a
successful clinical outcome with dental implants.
The review focuses on different methods used to assess implant stability and recent advances in this field.
This document provides guidance on how to write and publish a scientific paper in 3 steps:
1. Plan adequate time for writing a high-quality paper that will be accepted for publication. Previous studies show lack of time is the top reason papers are not published.
2. Carefully review the instructions for authors on the target journal's website and adhere strictly to formatting requirements. Ignoring guidelines is a common reason for rejection.
3. The paper should have key sections - an informative abstract, introduction establishing the study's purpose and novelty, thorough methods section, clear results, and conclusions tying it all together. Following best practices increases the chances of successful publication.
Aesthetic Management of Fractured Anteriors: A Case ReportAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Coronal fracture of anterior teeth is an important topic for esthetic dentistry. Such fractures may jeopardize esthetics, function, tissue biology
and occlusal physiology, thus endangering tooth vitality and integrity. Coronal fractures resulting from dental trauma most frequently occur to the maxillary
anterior teeth of adolescents and less frequently to mandibular teeth. Adult teeth may also suffer traumatic fracture, although less frequently than for
adolescents.
Case Report: In our case, an economical and time-saving novel technique has been described for direct composite restoration in a young patient with
uncomplicated fractured maxillary anterior tooth.
Conclusion: As restoring a fractured tooth is a complex procedure, this technique can prove as a simple, effective and appropriate technique that will fulfill all
the requirements of dental personnel. This technique can also prove to be easy for inexperienced beginner clinicians without requiring special skills in
providing the patients with direct composite restorations
Orthodontic tooth movement is basically a biologic response towards a mechanical force. Osteoclast and osteoblast cells mediate bone resorption and apposition, which eventually produces tooth movement. Researches showed that the rate of orthodontic tooth movement can be altered by certain drugs locally or systemically. The Objective of this article is to discuss the current data concerning the effect of drugs on orthodontic tooth movement.
Multidisciplinary Approach in the Rehabilitation of Congenitally Maxillary C...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Objective: This case report describes the multidisciplinary
approach to treat a congenitally missed maxillary canine, how to
improve patient’s smile using orthodontic fixed appliance, endosseous
dental implant, and porcelain veneer to achieve the treatment results of
function and esthetic.
Materials and procedures: Unilateral agenesis of the permanent
maxillary canines in healthy individuals is extremely rare. This
paper presents the case of a female patient diagnosed with congenital
unilateral agenesis of the permanent maxillary canines as well as
occlusal abnormalities in the form of left-side crossbite. To restore the
proper aesthetics and function, interdisciplinary therapeutic treatment
was implemented. In the case presented in this paper, the aim of
oral rehabilitation was to restore a functional balance by obtaining
proper skeletal relationships, creating optimal occlusal conditions and
obtaining arch continuity.
Conclusion: Interdisciplinary treatment combined of orthodontics,
implant surgery, and prosthodontics was useful to treat a nonsyndromic
oligodontia patient. Especially, with the new strategy, implantanchored
orthodontics, which can facilitate the treatmentand make it
more simply with greater predictability.
The multifactorial factors influenc cleft Lip-literature review Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenital cleft-Lip and cleft palate have been the subject of many genetic
studies, but until recently there has been no consensus as to their modes of
inheritance. In fact, claims have been made for just about every genetic
mechanism one can think of. Recently, however, evidence has been
accumulating that favors a multifactorial basis for these malformations. The
purpose of the present paper is to present the etiology of cleft lip and cleft palate
both the genetic and the environmental factors. It is suggested that the genetic
basis for diverse kinds of common or uncommon congenital malformations may
very well be homogeneous, whilst, at the same, the environmental basis is
heterogeneous.
Dental implants represent one of the most successful treatment modalities in dentistry.
However, failures do occur in the range from 5 to 8% for routine procedures and up to 20% in major grafting cases after at least 5 years of function . The majority of implant losses may be explained as biomechanically induced failures, since low primary implant stability, low bone density, short implants and overload have been identified as risk factors . Hence, achievement and maintenance of implant stability are pre-conditions for a successful clinical outcome with dental implants.
The review focuses on different methods used to assess implant stability and recent advances in this field
Over time, progressively shorter implants have been placed such that short implants are now available that are less than 6 mm in length. The viability and high success rates seen with short implants can be explained by osseointegration, the macro geometric design of the implant, as well as physics and the distribution of forces. This paper was aimed to review the stability and survival rate of short implants under functional loads. Numerical and clinical studies were reviewed. Keywords: Short dental implants, sinus augmentation, factors affecting bone regeneration in dental implantology
Porcelain laminate veneers are among the most esthetic means of creating a more pleasing and beautiful smile. Porcelain veneers within reason allow for the alteration of tooth position, shape, size and color. They require a minimal amount of tooth preparation, approximately 0.5 mm to 0.7mm of surface enamel reduction. This study describes the use of ceramic veneers without tooth wear, reinforcing the concept that minimally invasive porcelain laminate veneers could become versatile and conservative allies in the fi eld of esthetic dentistry. Keywords: Ceramics, dentin-bonding agents, esthetics
Immediate Restoration of Single Implants Replacing Lateral Incisor Compromis...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Today, the diagnosis of internal root resorption is significantly improved by the three-dimensional imaging. Furthermore, the CBCT’s superior diagnosis accuracy resulted in an improved management of the resorptive defects and a better outcome of Implant therapy of teeth with internal resorption.Implant has become a wide option to maintain periodontal architecture. Diagnosis and treatment planning is the key factors in achieving the successful outcomes after placing and restoring implants placed immediately after tooth extraction. The purpose of this clinical update is to report on the success and survival of Immediate restoration of single implants replacing right lateral incisor compromised by internal resorption.
Immediate Implant Placement And Restoration With Natural Tooth In The Maxilla...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Anterior tooth loss and restoration in the esthetic zone is a common challenge in dentistry today. The prominent visibility of the area can be especially distressing to the patient and requires a timely and esthetically pleasing solution. Immediate single-tooth implantation followed by immediate provisionalization is becoming an increasingly desirable treatment that offers numerous benefits over conventional delayed loading. Provisionalization for immediately-placed implants using the patient’s existing tooth can enhance the final aesthetic outcome if certain steps are
followed. If the natural tooth is intact and can be used as a provisional, the emergence profile can be very similar to the preoperative condition. This article outlines a technique to use the patient’s natural tooth after extraction to provisionalize an implant.
Clinical Management of Bilateral Impacted Maxillary CaninesAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Impaction of maxillary canines is a frequently encountered clinical problem in orthodontic therapy. When a preventive
approach fails, treatment involves surgical exposure of the impacted tooth, followed by orthodontic traction to guide and align it into the
dental arch. The aim of the present report was to demonstrate by case reports of an adult patient with bilateral impacted maxillary canines
treated with surgical exposure and orthodontic treatment.
Material and Methods: A 15year-old female with various degrees of bilateral palatal impaction of maxillary canines were managed
by the described technique.
Results and Discussion: Autonomous eruption of the impacted canines after surgical uncovering was witnessed in all patients
without the need for application of a vertical orthodontic force for their extrusion.
Conclusion: The described method of surgical uncovering and autonomous eruption created conditions for biological eruption of the
palatally impacted canines into the oral cavity and facilitated considerably the subsequent orthodontic treatment for their proper alignment
in the dental arch.
Keywords: Impacted canines; Surgical; Tooth exposure; Orthodontic treatment
“One-Piece” Immediate-Load Post-Extraction Implant In Maxillary Central IncisorAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Abstract: This case report describes extraction of a fractured left maxillary central incisor tooth, followed by immediate placement of an one-piece implant in the prepared socket and temporization by a bonded restoration.
Materials And Methods: The tooth was extracted with minimal hard and soft tissue trauma and without flap reflection. The socket was prepared to the required depth and a Implant was inserted.
Results: The atraumatic operating technique and the immediate insertion of the one-piece Implant resulted in the preservation of the hard and soft tissues at the extraction site.
Conclusion: The “One-piece” dental implant and provisional restoration provided the patient with immediate esthetics, function, comfort and most importantly preservation of tissues. The one-piece implant design resulted in a high cumulative implant survival rate and beneficial marginal bone levels.
Single Visit Replacement of Central Maxillary Using Fiber-Reinforced Composi...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Fiber reinforced composites are high strength filling materials composed of conventional composites and glass fibres. They exhibit extensive applications in different fields of dentistry. This clinical report present a case where FRC technology was successfully used to restore central maxillary incisor edentulous area in terms of esthetic-cosmetic values and functionality.
Zirconium Dental Implants And Crown for Congenitally Missing Maxillary Latera...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Zirconia implants were familiarized into dental implantology. Zirconia appears
to be an appropriate implant material due to its low plaque affinity, tooth like color, biocompatibility and mechanical properties. The following a case presentations will show how the acid-etched zirconia Implant can be used to functionally and aesthetically replace congenitally missing left lateral incisor tooth germ in the maxilla, and achieve optimal soft tissues and health.
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
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2. Volume 1 • Issue 1 • 119 www.aperito.org
Citation: Muhamad Abu-Hussein et al. (2015), Prevalence of Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in
Israel. Aperito J Oral Health Dent 1:119
http://dx.doi.org/10.14437/2378-6302-1-119 Page 2 of 10
The prevalence of the absence of permanent teeth,
excluding third molar ranges from 1.6% to 9.6% depending on
the population studied. There are many theories on the etiology
of hypodoncion.
This anomaly has a multi-factorial etiology including:
inheritance - genetic factors, and environmental factors [10].
However, there is still a theory capable of explaining the whole
phenomenon of congenital absence of dental structures.
Previous studies have shown that hipodoncion has a
higher prevalence in the relatives of affected individuals than in
the general population [11] which touches also both denticions;
the primary and permanent denticionin [12].
Prevalence of Hipodoncion been studied is reported by
many other countries. In Arabs Community in Israel (ARAB48,
Israel) visiting our Center Dentistry, Research and Aesthetics,
Jatt, Almothalath, Israel, there is still not such a study on the
prevalence of this anomaly; as well as demographic and other
abnormalities that bond characteristics referring to certain age
group.
Hipodoncion may be an indication for orthodontic
treatment depending on the weight and consequences that it may
create. Lack of teeth can be classified as: hipodoncion,
oligodoncion or anodoncion. (The term hipodoncion is used to
describe the lack of one to six teeths (excluding third molar),
oligodontia absence of more than six teeth (excluding the third
molar), and anodontia represents a complete lack of tooth [16].
Many methods of classification have been employed in the
literature [17]. Some researchers have found the congenital
absence of teeth to occur either as an isolated family form or as
an intermittent form. The inherited form could be either
autosomaldominant, autosomalrecessive, or an X-linked trait
[18]. Others have defined the congenital absence of teeth
according to the number of missing Teeth [17, 19].
Hypodontia refers to the condition where there is an
absence of fewer than six teeth .The term Oligodontia is usually
used to describe a larger number of missing teeth (six or more).
Anodontia is the complete absence of teeth.
Many other researchers have used similar methods of
classifying the congenital absence of teeth [20] In general; they
identify three categories of hypodontia, excluding third molars,
as follows: Mild with 1 or 2 missing teeth. Moderate with 3 – 5
missing teeth. Severe with 6 or more missing teeth. Hypodontia
is also classified as either isolated hypodontia or syndromic
hypodontia.
Isolated hypodontia refers to those cases without
syndromes [21]. Thus, hypodontia can occur either as part of a
syndrome or as a non-syndromic, familial form; in the latter it
occurs as an isolated trait, affects variable numbers of teeth and
appears either sporadically or as an inherited condition within a
family pedigree [22, 23, 24].
The congenital absence of teeth can seriously affect a
young person, both physically and emotionally particularly
when the missing tooth is located in the anterior region of the
mouth [1]. Early detection of hypodontia may allow a more
favorable prognosis and minimal functional, esthetical and
psychological complications [25].
The treatment options available for cases with
congenitally missing teeth are the maintenance of the primary
teeth, orthodontic space closure, space maintenance, restoration
with adhesive or fixed denture, tooth transplantation, dental
implant or orthodontics space redistribution to facilitate the
prosthetic treatment [26].
Patients with congenitally missing teeth present a
clinical challenge to the general dental practitioners and the
orthodontists alike. Successful management of these patients
necessitates a multidisciplinary approach (orthodontics,
restorative dentistry, oral surgery) [27, 28, 29]. No study has
been yet conducted to assess the prevalence of hypodontia in
Arabs48 in Israel. The aim of the present study was to create
baseline information by evaluating the prevalence of hypodontia
of the permanent dentition in Arabs 48 population in Israel.
3. Volume 1 • Issue 1 • 119 www.aperito.org
Citation: Muhamad Abu-Hussein et al. (2015), Prevalence of Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in
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http://dx.doi.org/10.14437/2378-6302-1-119 Page 3 of 10
Materials and Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of all
Orthopantomograms (OPGs) of Palestinian patients aged 12 to
39,5 years (Mean age #16,2), taken between 2006 and 2013,
which were available in the Center For Dentistry, Research
and Aesthetics, Jatt, Almothalath, Israel. Ambiguous OPGs of
subjects with no proper record of date of birth and poor quality
image were excluded.
Older OPGs, available as X-ray films, were viewed on
a negatoscope in a dark room, while more recent studies, avail-
able in the digital format, were viewed on a computer monitor.
The X-rays were examined for the presence of all teeth,
including third molars, in each quadrant. The teeth were
considered to be present if there was evidence of crypt
formation with or without the calcification of the crown and
vice versa. Teeth absent due to dental caries or for orthodontic
reasons were cross-checked with dental records at the hospital
and considered “not missing” In cases of uncertainty; the first
two authors examined the OPG together to arrive at a consensus
of the tooth most likely to be missing. The operational definition
of hypodontia in this study was the developmental absence of
one to five teeth, excluding third molars.
Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the
Human Ethics Committee of the institution. Statistical analysis
was performed using SPSS software (SPSS, Chicaco, IL).
Descriptive statistics were tabulated, and comparisions between
groups was done using the chi-square test.
Results
Of the 2200 patients, 846 were males (38,4%) and 1354 were
females (61,6%) (Table 1)(Figure.1); the mean age was
16,2years, ranging from 10, 2 to 39, 5 years (Table 2).
Table 1: Gender distribution of patients treated
Figure 1. Gender distribution of patients treated
Table 2: Means age Hypodontia
The results showed that 57 patients, 24males (42.1%),
33 females (57.9%)) out of 2200 had hypodontia (2.6%)
(Table3, Figure 2). A total of a 167congenitally missing teeth
were found among the 57 patients; congenitally missing
permanent teeth were more frequent in the mandible (52.1%)
than in the maxilla (47.9%) (Table 4)(Figure 3).
Table3.Gender distribution of patients treated with hypodontia
Missing N=57 %Missing
Female 33 57.9%
Male 24 42.1%
Treated (Orth.) N=2200 %
Female 1354 61.6%
Male 846 38.4%
62%
38%
Treated Patients N=2200
Female
Male
Age, Impacted Min Max Avg
10.2 39.5 16.2
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Citation: Muhamad Abu-Hussein et al. (2015), Prevalence of Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in
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Figure 2 Gender distribution of patients treated with hypodontia
Moreover, hypodontia was more in the left side
(48.5%) but more frequent in the right side (51.5%) of the
maxillary and mandibular arches (Table 5) (Figure 4).
Table 4: Distribution of congenitally missing permanent teeth
in the maxilla and mandible.
Missing Teeth N=167 %Missing
Maxilla 80 47.9%
Mandible 87 52.1%
Figure 3 Distribution of congenitally missing permanent teeth
in the maxilla and mandible.
Table 5. Distribution of congenitally missing permanent teeth in
the left and right sides.
Missing Teeth N=167 %Missing
Right 86 51.5%
Left 81 48.5%
Figure 4 Distribution of congenitally missing permanent teeth
in the left and right sides.
The majority of the students had one congenitally
missing permanent tooth 2PM in mandibular (41.3%), followed
by two congenitally missing permanent teeth incisor lateral
(22.8%). Two Patients (3.5%) had three congenitally missing
permanent teeth. More than three missing teeth were observed
among three patients (5.2%). When the percentage of students
with hypodontia was compared to the number of missing
permanent teeth, a statistically significant difference was noted,
indicating that hypodontia with one or two missing teeth is more
commonthan multiple missing teeth (p<0.05).
The most common congenitally missing permanent
tooth was themandibular 2PM (41.35%), followed by the
maxillary lateral incisor (22.8%), the maxillar second premolar
(19.2%) and the mandibular central incisor (4.2%) (Table 6).
58%
42%
Patients with
Missing Teeth
N=57
Female
Male
80
87
MaxillaMandible
Total Missing Teeth
N=167
51%
49%
Total Missing
Teeth
N=167
Right
Left
5. Volume 1 • Issue 1 • 119 www.aperito.org
Citation: Muhamad Abu-Hussein et al. (2015), Prevalence of Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in
Israel. Aperito J Oral Health Dent 1:119
http://dx.doi.org/10.14437/2378-6302-1-119 Page 5 of 10
The results in the present study showed that (41.3%} of
the mandibular second premolar hypodontia was associated
with retention of the deciduous second molar. Also, 5% of
retained deciduous incisors were correlated with them absence
of their permanent counterpart. When the deciduous canine was
retained, the permanent canine was often present and impacted.
Table 6: Distribution of congenitally missing permanent teeth
in the maxillary and mandibular arches.
Discussion
The population prevalence for hypodontia and the type
of permanent teeth missing vary with the racial group and
sample studied. Excluding the third molar population
prevalence across the world varies between 3.5 and 6.5%, with a
female to male ratio of 3:2 For Europeans, the mandibular
second premolar is the tooth most frequently absent after the
third molar, followed by the maxillary lateral incisor and second
premolar.
The prevalence of hypodontia in this study was 2,6%,
which was within the range reported in the literature. However,
no statistical differences between both sexes were found, but
this was in agreement with some other studies. It might also be
expected that the majority of hypodontia cases would be
identified in the mixed dentition stage, since the recognition of
the younger patient with hypodontia usually discovered either
by chance or family history.
Hypodontia is generally defined as the developmental
absence of one or more teeth excluding the third molars. It is
more common in the permanent dentition. The prevalence of
hypodontia in the primary dentition is found to be very low. The
range has generally been between 0.1% and 0.9% of the
population.(24) Researchers have used a variety of terminology
to describe the condition, such as a reduction in teeth number,
teeth aplasia, congenitally missing teeth, absence of teeth,
agenesis of teeth, and lack of teeth.
The most frequently missing teeth, in our study were
maxillary lateral incisors. Some studies have also reported the
upper laterals to be the most frequently missing teeth however,
the most commonly missing teeth in other studies were the
lower second premolars. Comparison between our study and
some other studies is shown in (Table 7).
A distinct genetic influence on the development of
teeth has been demonstrated; with a high proportion of
individuals with hypodontia coming from families with previous
hypodontia [27] and Environmental factors have also been
implicated in the etiology of hypodontia. The result of this study
showed prevalence of 2.6% of hypodontia in orthodontic
patients in Arabs population in Israel state which was lower
than that documented in other similar studies.[2,16,17]
However, a very high prevalence was reported in two German
studies (12.6%)[16] and (11.3%)[2] when compared to this
study result. Further, in Japanese orthodontic patients, a lower
percentage value of 8.5% was noted [11], when compared to the
German study and higher than the results of our study.
Furthermore, the prevalence observed in this study was
relatively higher than that in Turkish orthodontic patients
(4.6%) [10].
N=167 Maxilla Mandibular
Tooth Right Left % Right Left %
Central 1 0 0.6 3 4 4.2
Lateral 21 17 22.8 1 4 3.0
Canine 2 0 1.2 0 1 0.6
1. PM 3 2 3.0 1 2 1.8
2. PM 17 15 19.2 36 33 41.3
1. M 0 1 0.6 0 0 0.0
2. M 0 1 0.6 1 1 1.2
Total 44 36 47.9 42 45 52.1
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Table7: The Prevalence of Hypodontia in the Permanent Dentition in Various Published Studies
Author Year Country N= Prevalence (%)
Werther and Rotheberg 1939 USA 1000 2.3
Byrd 1943 USA 2835 2.8
Pederson 1949 Greenland Eskimos 603 3
Clayton 1956 UK 3557 6
Grahnen 1956 Sweden 1066 6.1
Davis 1968 Australia 2179 5.9
Thilander and Myrberg 1973 Sweden 5459 6.1
Brook 1974 UK 1115 4.4
Magnússon 1977 Iceland 1641 7.9
Rølling 1980 Denmark 3325 7.8
Davis 1987 Hong Kong 725 7.3
Davis 1987 Hong Kong 1093 6.9
Al-Emam 1990 Saudi Arabian 500 4
O'Dowling and McNamara 1990 Ireland 3056 11.4
Ng'ang'a and Ng'ang'a 2001 Kenya 618 6.3
Bäckman and Wahlin 2001 Sweden 739 7.4
Goren et al. 2005 Israel 226 5.3
Fekonja 2005 Slovenia 212 11.3
Albashaireh and Khader 2006 Jordan 1045 2.6
Endo et al. 2006 Japan 3358 8.5
Altug-Atac and Erdem 2006 Turkey 3403 2.6
Young Ho 2010 Korea 3055 8.85
Tallón-Walton et al 2010 Spain 1518 9.48
Owais Khaild Durrania, 2010 Pakistan 500 9
Mammon 2011 Jordan 3660 8.85
González-Allo et al. 2012 Portugal 2888 6.1
G. Trakinienė et al. 2013 Lithuania 824 17.11
Abu Affan & Serour 2013 Sudan 2401 2.66
Hayder A Hashim 2014 Sudan 1069 5.1
Our Research 2015 Israel 2200 2.6
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Citation: Muhamad Abu-Hussein et al. (2015), Prevalence of Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in
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Analyses of this sample demonstrated a large number
of patients with hypodontia involving the anterior teeth.
Treatment is increasingly being sought as social awareness of
dental disease increases. This was of great concern to children
and their parents and for that reason they actually attended our
clinics. It was also found that 16.4% had hypodontia of two or
more teeth in the same quadrant, which needed.
Fekonja evaluated the prevalence of hypodontia in
orthodontically treated children from the records of 212
orthodontic patients. Of these, 24 patients; 9 males and 15
females had agenesis of one or more teeth (11.3%). Patients
with more severe hypodontia showed a tendency to a Class III
relationship and an increased overbite [29].
In Germany; a retrospective study was performed in
1353 patients by Behr et al. [30] at the Regensburg University
Medical Center. Missing permanent teeth were found in 171
(12.6%); of these 64.3% had one or two missing teeth, three to
five teeth were missing in 19.9%, and oligodontia was found in
15.8% of the patients. The percentage was equally distributed
between the females and males. Further, the most frequently
missing teeth were lower second premolar (5.9%), lower right
second premolar (5.1%), upper left lateral incisor (4.0%), upper
right lateral incisor (3.6%), upper right second premolar (3.1%),
and upper left second premolar (3.0%). Ajami et al. [31]
investigated the prevalence of hypodontia in 600 Iranian
children between 9 and 14 years old at Mashhad School of
Dentistry. The result showed that, a total of 54 (9%) children
were affected with hypodontia where 31 (9.2%) were girls and
23 (8.8%) were boys. Furthermore, the prevalence of
hypodontia in girls was higher than in boys. Chung et al. [4]
studied the prevalence of hypodontia in the Korean population
as well as its association with the congenital absence of the third
molar. Casts, panoramic radiographs, and lateral cephalographs
of 1622 Korean subjects (611 males, 1011 females) were used.
The percentage of hypodontia was 11.2%. They noticed that
hypodontia was higher in the mandible more than in the maxilla
and the most commonly affected tooth was lateral incisors
(40%) followed by second premolar (20.4%) in the mandible.
Albashaireh and Khader [32] have reported 5.5% of
hypodontia of the permanent teeth, crown size and shape
deformity affecting upper lateral incisors in a Jourdan sample of
1045 dental patients aged 16-45 years. On the other hand, al
Emran et al. found that hypodontia prevalence among the Saudi
male school children was 4%. Whereas Afifiy and Zawawi [33]
have reported a very high prevalence (25.7%) of congenitally
missing teeth in the Western region of Saudi Arabia [33].
Polder et al. [2] did a study using the meta analysis to
gain more insight into the prevalence of dental agenesis and
stated that agenesis differs by continent and gender, The
prevalence for both sexes was higher in European population
(males 4.6% and females 6.3%), and also the same was
observed in an Australian sample (males 5.5%; females 7.6%)
than for the North American Caucasians (males 3.2%; females
4.6%). Further, the prevalence of dental agenesis in females was
almost 1.4 times higher than in males. The mandibular second
premolar was the most affected tooth, followed by the maxillary
lateral incisor and the maxillary second premolar. Endo et al.
[34] investigated the association of hypodontia patterns and
variations in craniofacial morphology in Japanese orthodontic
patients, a total of 50 girls with hypodontia were selected and
categorized into anterior, posterior, and anterior posterior
groups according to the location of the congenitally missing
teeth. Every hypodontia group showed shorter anterior
mandibular incisors, and a larger interincisal angle than the
control group.
None of the participants in the present study showed
oligodontia. According to Celikoglu [35], the prevalence of
oligodontia in Turkish population was 0.3% and 0.16% among
Danish school students [36]. Previous published results revealed
that the most common congenitally missing teeth were the
maxillary lateral incisor [12, 14, 16, 17], the mandibular second
premolar [15, 19, 20, 23, 24] or the mandibular incisor [20].
8. Volume 1 • Issue 1 • 119 www.aperito.org
Citation: Muhamad Abu-Hussein et al. (2015), Prevalence of Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in
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In contrast, the present results showed that the most common
congenitally missing tooth was the mandibular lateral incisor,
followed by the maxillary lateral incisor and the maxillary and
mandibular second premolars. This difference can be related to
ethnic and racial differences in the studied populations. Further,
Lai and Seow [37] stated that in patients with missing
permanent teeth, clinicians should be alert to the possibility of
these associated anomalies and their accompanying clinical
implications. Thus, with early detection of hypodontia,
alternative treatment modalities can be planned and performed
with a multidisciplinary team approach to restore the esthetic
and function [37,38]. The result of this study warrants further
multicenter investigations to include different parts of Arabs
populations in Israel. This will increase the sample size and be
more representative. The information obtained from such
investigation will be of great value not only for the orthodontist,
but also to the prosthodontist in diagnosis and treatment plan.
Conclusions
a.The prevalence of hypodontia in this study (2,6%) was within
the range that reported in the literature
b.The findings of this study implicate the need for a thorough
radiographic evaluation of all patients prior to extraction of
either deciduous or permanent teeth, and also reiterate the need
for early diagnosis and orthodontic treatment if needed.
c. The incidence of hypodontia in the anterior segment requires
great need for orthodontic and prosthodontic treatment
d. With early detection of hypodontia, alternative treatment
modalities can be planned and performed with a
multidisciplinary team approach to restore the esthetic and
function.
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