- A survey was conducted of 220 patients at a Nigerian hospital to evaluate their knowledge of options for replacing missing teeth, including dental implants.
- While 92.5% knew teeth can be replaced, only 28.9% were aware of dental implants as an option, with most learning about it from dentists.
- Awareness and understanding of dental implants was low, with just over a third of those who heard of it understanding costs. The study found low levels of awareness about dental implants as a tooth replacement option in this environment.
Implant Dentistry in the New Scientific Dental World Acceptance Ratesijtsrd
In the new age of cutting edge technologies in engineering and medical science, The adaptation to the healthcare system of the recent developments has increased and seemingly high, patient attitudes towards acceptance have been discussed in relation to Implant Dentistry Dr. G Harish "Implant Dentistry in the New Scientific Dental World-Acceptance Rates" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/dentistry/33543/implant-dentistry-in-the-new-scientific-dental-worldacceptance-rates/dr-g-harish
Perception of Dental Visits among Jazan University Students, Saudi Arabiainventionjournals
Background:regular dental check-ups is fundamental in preventing and detecting dental diseases.Majority of Saudi patients do not have the trend to visit dentist frequently and they go only for emergency treatment and mostly pain is the driving factor. Aim: to evaluate the knowledge, beliefs and attitude of Jazan university students towards dental visits. Materials and Methodology:This descriptive cross-sectional; questionnaire based survey was carried out to evaluate the perception of Jazan university Saudi students towards dental visits. 352 students participated, age range of 20-24 years old. Results: The study revealed pain is the driving factor for most of the dental visits. 47.9%, their 1 stvisits complain was pain, 58% the driving factor for last visit is also pain. Although 29.1% occasionally visit dentist; 43% of them their last visit to dentist was 6 month ago. 47.6% were irregular visitors to dentist because they are afraid from dental needle and pain. 75% of the participants described their feeling at1st visit to dentist to be anxious and afraid. Although 88% of the participants knew that regular dental check-ups is important but this knowledge was not practiced.Only4.3% of the participants are driven to dental visit by dentist advice. Conclusion: there are lack of knowledge, wrong beliefs and negligence of dental visits in our study participants. Dental professional and mass media are not playing their role to change the knowledge and beliefs of the population.Recommendation: dental professionals’ media should be utilized spread knowledge of proper dental care.
Combined orthodontic and prosthetic therapy special considerations.(52)Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Agenesis, the absence of permanent teeth, is a common occurrence among dental patients. The total incidence of tooth agenesis is about 4.2% among patients that are seeking orthodontic treatment and with the exception of third molars, the maxillary lateral incisors are the most common congenitally missing teeth with about a 2% incidence. The maxillary lateral incisor is the second most common congenitally absent tooth. There are several treatment options for replacing the missing maxillary lateral incisor, including canine substitution, tooth-supported restoration, or single-tooth implant. Dental implants are an appropriate treatment option for replacing missing maxillary lateral incisor teeth in adolescents when their dental and skeletal development is complete. This case report presents the treatment of a patient with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor using dental implants. The paper discusses the aspects of pre-prosthetic orthodontic diagnosis and the treatment that needs to be considered with conservative and fixed prosthetic replacement.
Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in IsraelAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Non-syndromic tooth agenesis has been occasionally described in literature and data available for its prevalence is rare in Arabs population in Israel. The purpose of the present retrospective radiographic study was to provide data concerning the prevalence of non-syndromic hypodontia in patients reporting to the Center for Dentistry,Research & Aesthetics, Jatt, Almothalat, Israel
Implant Dentistry in the New Scientific Dental World Acceptance Ratesijtsrd
In the new age of cutting edge technologies in engineering and medical science, The adaptation to the healthcare system of the recent developments has increased and seemingly high, patient attitudes towards acceptance have been discussed in relation to Implant Dentistry Dr. G Harish "Implant Dentistry in the New Scientific Dental World-Acceptance Rates" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/dentistry/33543/implant-dentistry-in-the-new-scientific-dental-worldacceptance-rates/dr-g-harish
Perception of Dental Visits among Jazan University Students, Saudi Arabiainventionjournals
Background:regular dental check-ups is fundamental in preventing and detecting dental diseases.Majority of Saudi patients do not have the trend to visit dentist frequently and they go only for emergency treatment and mostly pain is the driving factor. Aim: to evaluate the knowledge, beliefs and attitude of Jazan university students towards dental visits. Materials and Methodology:This descriptive cross-sectional; questionnaire based survey was carried out to evaluate the perception of Jazan university Saudi students towards dental visits. 352 students participated, age range of 20-24 years old. Results: The study revealed pain is the driving factor for most of the dental visits. 47.9%, their 1 stvisits complain was pain, 58% the driving factor for last visit is also pain. Although 29.1% occasionally visit dentist; 43% of them their last visit to dentist was 6 month ago. 47.6% were irregular visitors to dentist because they are afraid from dental needle and pain. 75% of the participants described their feeling at1st visit to dentist to be anxious and afraid. Although 88% of the participants knew that regular dental check-ups is important but this knowledge was not practiced.Only4.3% of the participants are driven to dental visit by dentist advice. Conclusion: there are lack of knowledge, wrong beliefs and negligence of dental visits in our study participants. Dental professional and mass media are not playing their role to change the knowledge and beliefs of the population.Recommendation: dental professionals’ media should be utilized spread knowledge of proper dental care.
Combined orthodontic and prosthetic therapy special considerations.(52)Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Agenesis, the absence of permanent teeth, is a common occurrence among dental patients. The total incidence of tooth agenesis is about 4.2% among patients that are seeking orthodontic treatment and with the exception of third molars, the maxillary lateral incisors are the most common congenitally missing teeth with about a 2% incidence. The maxillary lateral incisor is the second most common congenitally absent tooth. There are several treatment options for replacing the missing maxillary lateral incisor, including canine substitution, tooth-supported restoration, or single-tooth implant. Dental implants are an appropriate treatment option for replacing missing maxillary lateral incisor teeth in adolescents when their dental and skeletal development is complete. This case report presents the treatment of a patient with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor using dental implants. The paper discusses the aspects of pre-prosthetic orthodontic diagnosis and the treatment that needs to be considered with conservative and fixed prosthetic replacement.
Tooth Agenesis in Orthodontic Patients at Arab Population in IsraelAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Non-syndromic tooth agenesis has been occasionally described in literature and data available for its prevalence is rare in Arabs population in Israel. The purpose of the present retrospective radiographic study was to provide data concerning the prevalence of non-syndromic hypodontia in patients reporting to the Center for Dentistry,Research & Aesthetics, Jatt, Almothalat, Israel
Adult orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Esthetic Evaluation of ImplantsPlaced after Orthodontic Treatment in Patients...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the
proper treatment plan. Several treatment options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors.
These options include canine substitution, resin bonded fixed partial dentures, cantilevered fixed partial dentures,
conventional fixed partial dentures and single tooth implants. Depending on which treatment option is chosen, a
specific criterion has to be addressed. Interdisciplinary treatment plays a vital role to achieve an excellent, esthetic
result for a most predictable outcome. This article aims to present a case report of replacement of bilaterally
congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors with dental implants
Key words: congenitally missing lateral incisor, interdisciplinary treatment, dental impla
This talk contains descriptions of the burden of periodontitis in Malaysia. It was presented at a dental conference organised by the Malaysian Dental Association.
What are today’s patients looking for?
- What can I provide that will stand out from the crowd?
- Factors Affecting the Perception of Esthetics
- Esthetics in Orthodontics
A Qualitative Research Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty A C...YogeshIJTSRD
This study aims to identify factors affecting patient satisfaction and loyalty in private dental practice using Smile Family Dental Clinic as a case study Convenience Sampling . The researcher identified the factors dental practice related factors which affect patient satisfaction and loyalty regarding their efforts to increase dental practice quality to respond to patients demands and needs, influencing patient satisfaction and loyalty. The literature review indicated that previous studies in the healthcare sector confirmed the relationship mainly are from the quantitative design. Still, few support the dental care services private dental practice sector in the qualitative approach. The researcher developed the theoretical framework from high valid sources of previous research and the consumer behavior model of Kotler and Keller 2016 . The elements of dental practice related factors include Prices, Facilities, Dentist Services, and Staff Services, whic based on Kim et al. 2012 , patient satisfaction and patient loyalty were based on previous research. Purposive Sampling in a total of 10 respondents from 3,689 cases of the clinics population was in a data collection process through online Semi structured interviews and content analysis adopting NVivo software. The results showed that patients perceptions of dentist services are essentially the most, followed by staff services, prices, and facilities. Satisfaction on factors effect on patient loyalty Revisit and Recommendation Intention . Recommendation from peers or relatives influencing them to choose a clinic. A dentists reputation is the most recommendation. Patients are satisfied with dentist and staff services responding to their needs and expectations. The reasonable price and the costs are not high, influencing their satisfaction. Facilities are the least important factor. Further research may help the decision manager develop a marketing plan and strategies in the private dental healthcare sector. The results could be applied to improve quality management and increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty in any company services sector. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Dr. Mamata Bhandar "A Qualitative Research Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty: A Case Study of Smile Family Dental Clinic" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44975.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/44975/a-qualitative-research-factors-affecting-patient-satisfaction-and-loyalty-a-case-study-of-smile-family-dental-clinic/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
Adult orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Esthetic Evaluation of ImplantsPlaced after Orthodontic Treatment in Patients...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the
proper treatment plan. Several treatment options exist for the replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors.
These options include canine substitution, resin bonded fixed partial dentures, cantilevered fixed partial dentures,
conventional fixed partial dentures and single tooth implants. Depending on which treatment option is chosen, a
specific criterion has to be addressed. Interdisciplinary treatment plays a vital role to achieve an excellent, esthetic
result for a most predictable outcome. This article aims to present a case report of replacement of bilaterally
congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors with dental implants
Key words: congenitally missing lateral incisor, interdisciplinary treatment, dental impla
This talk contains descriptions of the burden of periodontitis in Malaysia. It was presented at a dental conference organised by the Malaysian Dental Association.
What are today’s patients looking for?
- What can I provide that will stand out from the crowd?
- Factors Affecting the Perception of Esthetics
- Esthetics in Orthodontics
A Qualitative Research Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty A C...YogeshIJTSRD
This study aims to identify factors affecting patient satisfaction and loyalty in private dental practice using Smile Family Dental Clinic as a case study Convenience Sampling . The researcher identified the factors dental practice related factors which affect patient satisfaction and loyalty regarding their efforts to increase dental practice quality to respond to patients demands and needs, influencing patient satisfaction and loyalty. The literature review indicated that previous studies in the healthcare sector confirmed the relationship mainly are from the quantitative design. Still, few support the dental care services private dental practice sector in the qualitative approach. The researcher developed the theoretical framework from high valid sources of previous research and the consumer behavior model of Kotler and Keller 2016 . The elements of dental practice related factors include Prices, Facilities, Dentist Services, and Staff Services, whic based on Kim et al. 2012 , patient satisfaction and patient loyalty were based on previous research. Purposive Sampling in a total of 10 respondents from 3,689 cases of the clinics population was in a data collection process through online Semi structured interviews and content analysis adopting NVivo software. The results showed that patients perceptions of dentist services are essentially the most, followed by staff services, prices, and facilities. Satisfaction on factors effect on patient loyalty Revisit and Recommendation Intention . Recommendation from peers or relatives influencing them to choose a clinic. A dentists reputation is the most recommendation. Patients are satisfied with dentist and staff services responding to their needs and expectations. The reasonable price and the costs are not high, influencing their satisfaction. Facilities are the least important factor. Further research may help the decision manager develop a marketing plan and strategies in the private dental healthcare sector. The results could be applied to improve quality management and increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty in any company services sector. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Dr. Mamata Bhandar "A Qualitative Research Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty: A Case Study of Smile Family Dental Clinic" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44975.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/44975/a-qualitative-research-factors-affecting-patient-satisfaction-and-loyalty-a-case-study-of-smile-family-dental-clinic/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
Oral health Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour among a sample of Kurdish peop...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Assesment of Self Evaluation Of Dental Appearance Among Non-Dental Undergradu...Dr. Prathamesh Fulsundar
Orthodontist routinely evaluate patients and prescribe treatment plans in order to satisfy the often stated goals of good dental function, stability of teeth & jaw position & dental aesthetics. however aesthetics has variability in individual judgments, it can differ for patients and dentists making it difficult to make generalized statements hence the aim of this study was to assess the self evaluation and satisfaction of dental appearance among non dental undergraduate students and their attitude towards orthodontic treatment.
Assess the Oral Hygiene Practices, Occurrence of Dental Caries and Gingivitis...ijtsrd
Background Dental caries continues to be a major health issue for worldwide population which decreases individual’s quality of life. In children dental caries and gingivitis are major health problem due to lack of preventive efforts and change in dietary requirement. According to WHO, oral health awareness among children can be promoted through schools by improving good knowledge, attitude and behavior related to oral health that will be helpful for prevention and control of dental diseases among children. Hence there is a necessity to find out oral hygiene practices and occurrence of dental caries among school age children. With this background, researcher make a plan to conduct a survey with the following objective. Objective To assess dental caries, gingivitis and oral hygiene practices among school age children in a selected community area. Methodology A quantitative approach with cross sectional descriptive design was used to assess dental caries, gingivitis and oral hygiene practices among children. 195 school going children residing in rural area of Doiwala block were selected by using convenience sampling technique. Data was collected by pretested questionnaire. Ethical permission was obtained from institutional ethical committee and informed consent was taken from study participants. Results The statistical finding shows that 184 94.36 mothers had not attend any education related to dental hygiene previously. Maximum mothers 97.95 have taught their child how to brush the teeth. It was surprising to note that 144 58.96 of children found to be suffering from dental caries. It was found that 38.79 of children were suffering with teeth pain. Very less 45 29.9 children had reported that they had visited dentist. There was significant association found between material use for remove food debris between the teeth’s and dental caries at p .001 . There was also significant association found between technique use for brushing teeth and dental caries p 0.003 . Conclusion The research findings showed that school age children give very less importance to oral hygiene. In this study we found greater need of health education and encouraging parents regarding children oral hygiene which can be beneficial to prevent dental caries among school going children. Mr. John Davidson | Ms. Mugdha Devi Sharan Sharma | Mr. Atul Kumar "Assess the Oral Hygiene Practices, Occurrence of Dental Caries and Gingivitis among School Age Children" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd32964.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/32964/assess-the-oral-hygiene-practices-occurrence-of-dental-caries-and-gingivitis-among-school-age-children/mr-john-davidson
A survey on misunderstanding of dental scaling in hong kongCecilia Young 楊幽幽
Abstract
There is no information on the misunderstanding of dental scaling; on whether the misunderstanding affects the general public to go for scaling or not; on complaints about dental scaling and suggestion of who should educate the public in the existing literature. This study gives the information from the general public in Hong Kong.
METHODS:
A cross-sectional survey by telephone interview on a random sample of 1412 subjects aged 13 years and above in Hong Kong was conducted from 3rd January to 15th February 2006.
RESULTS:
More females had received scaling (adjusted OR = 1.73, 95%CI 1.31-2.29 P < 0.001), 51-60 years age group had the highest scaling experience (adjusted OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.55-4.68, P < 0.001). Higher education was related to scaling experience (P < 0.001). Of the subjects with complete data, 22.5% (307/1364) had never received dental scaling, 17.9% (55/307) did not understand the purpose, 12.1% (37/307) replied that it would make the teeth thinner, 11.4% (35/307) replied that the gum space would become wider, and 11.4% (35/307) stated that scaling would damage the gum. In all, 45.9% (298/649) of the subject reported bleeding, 33.7% (139/413) sensitivity, 40.5% (62/153) smaller teeth and 23.9% (84/351) widened gum space because of mistakes made during the procedure; 8.6% (56/649) of those who experienced bleeding, 17.8% (27/152) of those who reported the teeth became smaller and 12% (42/350) of those who stated that the gum space became wider intended to reduce the frequency, delay or not go for scaling. A total of 79.6% (841/1057) experienced one of the perceived problems; 27.8% (234/841) had complained about scaling.
CONCLUSION:
This study shows a common lack of knowledge of dental scaling in the Hong Kong population. Patients should be better informed about the aim before the procedure.
Background: Traumatic dental injuries are common in children, and they are often associated with facial fractures in road traffic accidents. Boys sustain dental trauma almost twice as much as girls. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of traumatic dental injury among 8-12 years old Sudanese children. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional school based study for 813 school children (395 boys and 418 girls) 8-12 years old were selected from private and public primary schools for assessment of traumatic dental injuries according to Ellis classification and the causes of trauma were studied. Data was collected by visual examination and no radiographs were taken. Chi-square test was used to test association between the different variables. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: High prevalence (27.9%) of traumatic dental injuries was observed in this study. Boys and girls were more or less equally affected (48.6%, 51.4%) respectively. Falling was the most common cause (14.1%) while the least common one was road traffic accidents (0.6%). Tooth fracture was the most frequent type of tooth injury reported in the current study (13.3%). Conclusion: The prevalence, type and most common causal factors of traumatic injuries to the maxillary anterior teeth in Sudanese schoolchildren 8-12years old was approximately the same as that found in other countries.
Awareness of Dental Health and Treatment among the High School Childrenpaperpublications3
Abstract: The study aims to know the current status of dental health awareness about the dental treatment options among high school children for whom the oral health awareness is essential in order to seek early attention and treatment , there exceeds different level of understanding knowledge regarding the awareness about the treatment in spite of available studies with valuable information .but unfortunately a group of population fail to initiate to indulge them with the information’s also end up with mis conceptions regarding the treatments, finally the study would help to emphasize and to shift the focus areas which have been unnecessarily stressed upon . No matter what age one knows the key for mataining good health. Knowing what particular dental problems each have and their capability to decide their most appropriate means to prevent dental problems and reduces the occurrence and marinating a healthy oral cavity from the teen age that helps to maintain for their whole life time.
Prevalence,riskfactors and treatment needs of traumatic dental injuries to an...Dr. Anuj S Parihar
Aims and Objectives: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) of the permanent anterior teeth among the
school children are quite prevalent but often the neglected problem. The objective of the present
study was to assess the prevalence of the TDIs of the permanent anterior teeth among 6-15 years
schoolchildren attending government and private schools of Bhopal city.
Assessment of correlation of periodontitis in teeth adjacent to implant and p...Dr. Anuj S Parihar
Aims: The present study was conducted to determine correlation between peri‑implantitis and periodontitis in adjacent teeth. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 58 patients with 84 dental implants. They were divided into two groups, group I (50) was with peri‑implantitis and group II (34) was without it. In all patients, probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) was calculated around implant, adjacent to implant and on contralateral side. Obtained data were statistically analyzed using statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp with one‑way analysis of variance. Results: Males were 30 with 52 dental implants and females were 28 with 32 dental implants. CAL was 5.82 ± 0.52 in group I and 3.62 ± 0.63 in group II (P = 0.001) around implants. PD was 4.28 ± 1.26 in group I and 2.20 ± 0.52
in group II around adjacent teeth (P = 0.002). PD around contralateral teeth was significant (P = 0.05) in group I (3.18 ± 1.01) and group II (2.71 ± 0.73). Conclusion: Periodontitis has negative effect on implant success. Teeth adjacent to dental implant plays an important role in deciding the success or failure of implant. Maintenance of periodontal health is of paramount importance for successful implant therapy.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stock
Telegram: bmksupplier
signal: +85264872720
threema: TUD4A6YC
You can contact me on Telegram or Threema
Communicate promptly and reply
Free of customs clearance, Double Clearance 100% pass delivery to USA, Canada, Spain, Germany, Netherland, Poland, Italy, Sweden, UK, Czech Republic, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan.Door to door service
Hot Selling Organic intermediates
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...
Contemp clindent53302 7861197-215011
1. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry | Jul-Sep 2014 | Vol 5 | Issue 3 302
Dental implant as an option for tooth replacement: The awareness of patients
at a tertiary hospital in a developing country
Olaide Shakeerah Gbadebo, Folake Barakat Lawal1
, Amidu Omotayo Sulaiman, Deborah Mojirade Ajayi
Abstract
Aim: A survey was set out to evaluate the knowledge of patients about tooth replacement as a whole, and assess their awareness
of implant‑retained prosthesis as an option of tooth replacement. Materials and Methods: Information on sociodemographic
characteristics, knowledge about implant‑retained tooth as an option for missing tooth replacement, cost implication, source of
information and knowledge about other options of tooth replacement were obtained from patients attending the dental clinics of the
University College Hospital, Ibadan, using structured self‑administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Result: A total of 220 patients aged 18-84 years with a mean age of 37.6 (±16.5) years participated in the study, with a male to
female ratio of 1:1.1. The majority (92.5%) knew that missing teeth can be replaced, while a significantly lower proportion (28.9%)
knew about dental implants as an option (P < 0.01). Dentists were the major source of information on dental implants (68%). Only
21 (36.8%) of those who had heard about dental implant had knowledge about the cost (P < 0.000). Conclusion: A low level of
awareness about dental implant as tooth replacement option exist in this environment, although most of the study participants
were aware that missing teeth can be replaced.
Keywords: Awareness, dental implant, tooth replacement
Departments of Restorative Dentistry College of Medicine,
University of Ibadan, 1
Periodontology and Community Dentistry
College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
Correspondence: Dr. Olaide Shakeerah Gbadebo,
Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Medicine,
University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
E‑mail: olaaris2k1@yahoo.com
Introduction
The face is widely regarded as a symbol of “self ” and a smile
as a window into one’s personality.[1]
In this, the teeth play
important roles in the maintenance of a positive self‑image,[2]
and loss of teeth may result in significant disabilities that
can profoundly disrupt social activities. Tooth loss may be
traumatic and upsetting, and it is regarded as a serious
life event that requires significant social and psychological
readjustment.[3,4]
The nonacceptance of edentulousness and
the individual’s feelings about dentures, which have been
the traditional way of replacing missing teeth, are important
for the acceptance of new dentures.[5]
Traditionally, missing
teeth are replaced by removable partial dentures, fixed
partial dentures (bridges) and complete dentures in cases
of complete edentulousness. The need to replace lost teeth
with a near‑natural successor has encouraged rapid research
and advancement in the field of dental implants, especially
in advanced economies.
Dental implant is an artificial root that is surgically
inserted into the jawbone to support a single tooth
replacement (crown), fixed partial or complete denture or
maxillofacial prosthesis.[6]
It is an ideal option for people
with good oral health who have lost a tooth or teeth due to
injuries, periodontal diseases, failure of endodontics, etc.
It is also used for the treatment of edentulousness and is
associated with improved denture retention, stability and
functional efficiency and, thus, improving the quality of life
of the patient.[6]
Currently, dental implants are widely accepted as a prosthetic
treatment of completely or partially edentulous patients, and
studies[7]
have shown significant improvement in patients’
attitudes toward their dental health after treatment with
implant prostheses. Unfortunately, the same cannot be said
of developing countries with poorer access to dental care,
where different authors[8‑11]
have reported wide variability in
the acceptance of this newer option of tooth replacement. In
our setting, a resource‑challenged environment, conservative
dentistry is relatively young and there is dearth of information
regarding patients’ knowledge of tooth replacement as a
whole and the use of implant‑retained prostheses as an option
of replacement of missing tooth. With recent improvement
in socioeconomic infrastructures in this environment and
expansion of the middle class, access to oral health care is
better. Hence, in order to identify goals in the promotion
of oral health and improvement of the overall quality of
Access this article online
Quick Response Code:
Website:
www.contempclindent.org
DOI:
10.4103/0976-237X.137914
[Downloaded free from http://www.contempclindent.org on Sunday, March 01, 2015, IP: 103.1.92.84] || Click here to download free Android application for this journ
2. Gbadebo, et al.: Awareness about dental Implant
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry | Jul-Sep 2014 | Vol 5 | Issue 3303
life of patients with tooth loss, the study was conducted to
evaluate the knowledge of patients about tooth replacement
as a whole and assess their awareness of implant‑retained
prosthesis as an option for tooth replacement.
Materials and Methods
A descriptive cross‑sectional study of patients attending the
Dental Centre of the University College Hospital, Ibadan,
Nigeria was conducted over a period of 6 months. The
University College Hospital, Ibadan, is a major referral tertiary
hospital in the South‑Western part of the country. In the
conduct of this survey, the guidelines of ethical consideration
were strictly adhered to and participants filled the
questionnaire after signing informed consent. Information
was obtained with the use of structured, self‑administered
questionnaires given to patients aged 18 years or older,
who consented to participate in the study at the dental
clinics during the study period between September 2012
and February 2013.
Data collected included the sociodemographic characteristics
of the study participants, knowledge about implant‑retained
tooth replacement as an option of replacement, the cost,
source of information and knowledge about other options of
tooth replacement as a whole. Data were entered into an IBM
computer and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive
statistics were employed and results were presented as
percentages and proportions. Tests of association between
variables were conducted using chi square statistics, with the
level of statistical significance set at P < 0.05.
Results
A total of 220 participants took part in the study and
199 (90.5%) properly filled questionnaires were analyzed.
Demographic characteristics
The ages of the study participants ranged from 18 to
84 years, with a mean of 37.6 (±16.5) years and a male to
female ratio of 1:1.1. One hundred and two participants
were married, 86 were single, 10 were widowed and one
was divorced. Majority of the participants (141, 70.9%) had
tertiary education, while only eight (4.0%) had no formal
education [Table 1].
Awareness about tooth replacement
The majority of the participants (184, 92.5%) were aware of
the possibility of replacing lost teeth. A total of 102 (51.3%)
participants knew of different ways to replace missing
teeth, while 94 (47.2%) had no idea of such methods.
The awareness of the different possible options of tooth
replacement as perceived by the participants is shown in
Table 2. A significantly higher proportion of those who were
aware of the possibility of replacing missing teeth knew
that removable partial dentures were an option (P < 0.000).
Also, a significantly higher proportion of those that were
aware of the possibility of replacement did not know about
implant as a replacement option for missing teeth compared
with removable partial dentures (P < 0.01) [Table 3].
Knowledge about dental implant as a tooth replacement
option
One hundred and forty (71.1%) participants had not heard of
dental implant while only 57 (28.9%) of them had heard about
it as an option for replacing missing teeth. Of those who had
heard about this option, 22 (38.6%) believed that they had
received reasonable amount of information on the option,
26 (45.6%) perceived that the information received had been
inadequate and nine (15.8%) were unsure of the quantity and
quality of information they had on it.
Only 21 of those participants who have heard about implant
and claimed it was well explained could explain what they
understood by dental implants, of whom 15 (71.4%) gave
the correct information about the implant‑retained dental
prosthesis.
The majority (68%) of the participants got informed about
implant‑retained prosthesis through the dentist, 23% got it
Table 2: Knowledge on ways of replacing missing teeth
Replacement
options
Yes (%) No (%) I don’t know (%) Total
RPD 100 (50.3) 98 (49.2) 1 (0.5) 199
Bridge 36 (18.1) 162 (81.4) 1 (0.5) 199
Implant 45 (22.6) 153 (76.9) 1 (0.5) 199
Leave alone for
posterior teeth
(shortened
dental arch)
17 (8.5) 181 (91) 1 (0.5) 199
RPD: Removable partial denture
Table 1: Demographic characteristics
Demographics No. %
Gender
Male 93 46.7
Female 106 53.3
Marital status
Single 102 51.3
Married 86 43.2
Widowed 10 5.0
Divorced 1 0.5
Educational level
Tertiary 141 70.9
Teacher training 14 7.1
Secondary 27 13.6
Primary 9 4.5
No formal education 8 4.0
[Downloaded free from http://www.contempclindent.org on Sunday, March 01, 2015, IP: 103.1.92.84] || Click here to download free Android application for this journ
3. Gbadebo, et al.: Awareness about dental Implant
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry | Jul-Sep 2014 | Vol 5 | Issue 3 304
through the media while 6% of the participants got to know
through the Internet [Figure 1].
While 45 (22.6%) participants would like to have
implant‑retained prosthesis as an option for replacement of
missing teeth, 24 (13.3%) said they would not want it, while
the majority, 112 (61.9%), were not sure if they would like
to have it or not.
Of the 78 participants who gave reasons why they would not
like to have their missing tooth/teeth replaced with dental
implant‑retained prosthesis, majority (46.2%) claimed that they
would not consider it because they do not have any idea about
whatitis,whileseven (9.0%)thoughtitwasexpensive [Figure 2].
One hundred and fifty‑four (84.6%) of the participants would
like to be educated on dental implant as an option for
replacement of missing teeth, while just nine (4.9%) did not
want to know about it and 19 (10.4%) cared less about the
education on dental implant.
One hundred and ten (61.8%) of the participants claimed they
would consider implant‑retained prosthesis as an option for
tooth/teeth replacement if they had good knowledge about
it. While 15 (8.4%) would not consider it, 53 (29.8%) of the
participants are not sure of considering it even if it is well
explained to them.
A statistically significant relationship was found when
education on implant and if participant would consider
implant is well explained (P = 0.000).
Knowledge about cost of implant
Among the 57 participants who have heard about implant,
only 21 (36.8%) have the knowledge about the cost
implication, of which 15 (71.4%) have the right information
on cost implication and the remaining six (28.6%) have wrong
information on the cost.
The study also showed a statistically significant
relationship between those who have heard about
implant‑retained prosthesis and their knowledge of cost
implication (P = 0.000).
Discussion
The present study showed a high rate of awareness of
replacement of missing teeth in this environment, with
92.5% of the participants being aware that missing teeth can
be replaced. Furthermore, the option of removable partial
dentures for teeth replacement was the most recognized
by the participants. This may be because removable
partial dentures have been the most widely available
and traditional way of replacement in this country; it is
relatively cheap and affordable for most socioeconomic
classes in resource‑poor settings and has been found to be
satisfactory to patients in terms of appearance, retention
and stability.[12,13]
Table 3: Awareness of tooth replacement and knowledge
about options of replacement
Tooth replacement
options
Awareness (%)
P value
Yes No
Removable partial denture 0.000*
Yes 54.3 45.6
No 0.0 100.0
Implant 0.010*
Yes 31.3 63.7
No 0.0 100.0
Bridge 0.058
Yes 19.6 80.4
No 0.0 100
Shortened dental arch
concept
0.218
Yes 9.2 90.8
No 0.0 100
*P<0.05
Figure 1: Source of information on dental implant Figure 2: Reasons for not considering dental implant
[Downloaded free from http://www.contempclindent.org on Sunday, March 01, 2015, IP: 103.1.92.84] || Click here to download free Android application for this journ
4. Gbadebo, et al.: Awareness about dental Implant
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry | Jul-Sep 2014 | Vol 5 | Issue 3305
While 28.9% of the participants have heard about dental
implant, only 22.6% of them were aware that it is an option
of replacement of missing teeth. There was a significant
relationship (P = 0.01) when those who have heard of
dental implant were compared with those who were aware
of possible replacement of missing teeth, with a higher
proportion of those who have knowledge of replacement of
missing teeth showing low knowledge about dental implant
as an option of tooth replacement.
The level of awareness of implant as an option for
replacement of missing teeth recorded in this study is
higher than what was recorded by Kumar et al.,[8]
who had
an awareness of 4.83%. This may be due to the fact that
the present study was conducted in a tertiary hospital
situated in an urban environment, with the majority of
the participants (84.8%) having at least secondary school
education as against the population studied by Kumar et al.,[8]
who were people of lower socioeconomic and education
levels of the area (Khammam, Andhra Pradesh in India) and
were also unskilled workers educated only to the secondary
level or lower.
However, the level of awareness recorded in this study is
lower when compared with that reported by Al Johanny
et al.,[10]
Zimmer et al.,[11]
Tepper et al.,[14]
Berge[15]
and Best,[16]
who recorded the level of awareness in their different studies
to be from 66.4% to as high as 77%. This may be due to the
relatively low level of practice of implant dentistry in this
environment and sensitization of patients by dentists toward
the use of implant‑retained prosthesis as option of tooth
replacement.
Dentists were the major source of information (68%) to those
who have heard about dental implants followed by the media,
Internet and other sources such as friends. This is similar
to the study by Kumar et al.,[8]
which recorded the dentist
as being the main source of information (38.25%). However,
this result is contrary to some other studies[10,11,14,15]
that have
media and Internet as the major source of information on
dental implant. This could be due to the fact that majority of
the people in this environment depend on professionals such
as dentists, on their source of information and the fact that
accessibility to the Internet is relatively expensive and still
limited to those of middle and high socioeconomic classes.
However, of the 21 participants who had this option of tooth
replacement explained to them by dentists, 15 (71.4%) had
the right information while six (28.6%) were either wrongly
informed or did not understand what was explained about this
option of tooth replacement. Although this misconception
about dental implant has been recorded in a study,[15]
it was
more through information from the Internet and media.
Of the majority of the participants who claimed that they
were not sure if they would like to have dental implants as
an option to replace missing teeth, the major reason given
by 46.2% of these participants was the fact that they do
not have any idea about it, while 39.7% had no particular
reason. High cost of implant as perceived by seven (9%)
of the participants was another reason given for not
considering dental implants. This further buttresses the
need for adequate education, as was confirmed in this study
by the response of the participants to education on dental
implants, with majority of the participants claiming that they
would appreciate it if they could be better informed about
the advantages and disadvantages that might make them
consider it as a better option. This finding is similar to the
studies by Kumar et al.,[8]
Satpathy et al.[9]
and Al Johany,[10]
who also recorded a higher percentage of their participants
requesting to have more knowledge on dental implants.
A statistically significant relationship was also found when
education on implant and consideration of dental implant
for use by participant was compared (P = 0.000). Thus, if the
procedure of implant‑retained prosthesis is well explained to
patients, they will consider having it as an option of replacing
missing teeth.
There was misconception and low level of knowledge
about the cost implication of dental implants among
the 57 participants who have heard about it, with just
21 (36.8%) claiming that they know the cost, of whom
15 (71.4%) were rightly informed. This low awareness and
misconception about the cost is similar to that reported
by Rustemeyer and Bremerich[17]
and Tepper.[18]
There was
also a significant relationship about the knowledge of
cost implication when those who have heard about the
implant prosthesis were compared with their knowledge
of the cost implication (P = 0.000). Thus, there is need for
patients’ adequate information vis a vis the cost, advantages,
disadvantages and possible complications of dental implant
prostheses as a better option for teeth replacement.
Conclusion
The study has shown that there is a low level of awareness
about dental implant in this environment even though
people are aware of the possibility of tooth replacement.
Adequate awareness and rich, right and detailed information
are the necessary tools that project dental implant‑retained
prostheses as the best option for the tooth and lost
maxillofacial tissue replacement. The dentist as a professional
has the major role to play in this regard, and this can be
fulfilled by implementing patient education programmes and
counseling centers on dental implant use, advantages and
possible complications in order to prepare a patient’s mind.
References
1. Shigli K, Hebbal M, Angadi GS.Attitudes towards replacement of
teeth among patients at the institute of dental sciences, Belgaum,
India.J Dent Educ 2007;71:1467‑75.
[Downloaded free from http://www.contempclindent.org on Sunday, March 01, 2015, IP: 103.1.92.84] || Click here to download free Android application for this journ
5. Gbadebo, et al.: Awareness about dental Implant
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry | Jul-Sep 2014 | Vol 5 | Issue 3 306
2. Roessler DM. Complete denture success for patients and dentists.
Int Dent J 2003;53 Suppl 5:340‑5.
3. Omar R, Tashkandi E, Abduljabbar T, Abdullah MA, Akeel RF.
Sentiments expressed in relation to tooth loss: A qualitative study
among edentulous Saudis. Int J Prosthodont 2003;16:515‑20.
4. Fiske J, Davis DM, Frances C, Gelbier S.The emotional effects
of tooth loss in edentulous people.Br Dent J 1998;184:90‑3;
discussion 79.
5. al Quran F, Clifford T, Cooper C, Lamey PJ. Influence of
psychological factors on the acceptance of complete dentures.
Gerodontology 2001;18:35‑40.
6. Nallaswamy VD, Karthikeyan R, Vinaya B. Textbook of
Prosthodontics.New Delhi, India: Jaypee Brothers Medical
Publishing Lt; 2003.p. 720‑30.
7. Grogono AL, Lancaster DM, Finger IM.Dental implants: A survey
of patients’ attitudes.J Prosthet Dent 1989;62:573‑6.
8. Kumar RC, PratapKV, Venkateswararao G. Dental implant as an
option in replacing missing teeth: A patient awareness survey in
Khammam, Andhra Pradesh. India J Dent SciIndian J dent Sci.
2011;3:33‑7.
9. Satpathy A, Porwal A, Bhattacharya A, Sahu PK.Patient
awareness, acceptance and perceived cost of dental implants as
a treatment modality for replacement of missing teeth: A survey
in Bhubaneswar and Cuttack. Int J Public Dent 2011;2:1‑7.
10. Al‑Johany S, Al Zoman HA, Al Juhaini M, Al RefeaiM.Dental
patients’ awareness and knowledge in using dental implants as
an option in replacing missing teeth: A survey in Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia. Saudi Dent J 2010;22:183‑8.
11. Zimmer CM, Zimmer WM, Williams J, Liesener J.Public awareness
and acceptance of dental implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants
1992;7:228‑32.
12. Kamber‑Ćesir A, Džonlagić A, Ajanović M, Adela Delalić.
Assessment of patient’s satisfaction with the partial removable
denture therapy. Pesq Bras Odontoped Clin Integr 2011;11:171‑5.
13. Abouelkomsan AM, Butt AM, Dall AQ. Removable partial
dentures: Patient satisfaction with associated demographic and
biomechanical factors. Pak Oral Dent J 2012;32:564‑8.
14. Tepper G, Haas R, Mailath G, Teller C, Zechner W, Watzak G,
et al. Representative marketing‑oriented study on implants
in the Austrian population. I. Level of information, sources of
information and need for patient information. Clin Oral Implants
Res 2003;14:621‑33.
15. Berge TI. Public awareness, information sources and evaluation
of oral implant treatment in Norway. Clin Oral Implants Res
2000;11:401‑8.
16. Best HA. Awareness and needs of dental implants by patients in
New South Wales.Aust Prosthodont J 1993;7:9‑12.
17. Rustemeyer J, Bremerich A. Patients’ knowledge and expectations
regarding dental implants:Assessment by questionnaire. Int J Oral
Maxillofac Surg 2007;36:814‑7.
18. Tepper G, Haas R, Mailath G, Teller C, Bernhart T, Monov G,
et al. Representative marketing‑oriented study on
implants in the Austrian population. II. Implant acceptance,
patient‑perceived cost and patient satisfaction.Clin Oral Implants
Res 2003;14:634‑42.
How to cite this article: Gbadebo OS, Lawal FB, Sulaiman AO, Ajayi DM.
Dental implant as an option for tooth replacement: The awareness of
patients at a tertiary hospital in a developing country. Contemp Clin
Dent 2014;5:302-6.
Source of Support: Nil. Conflict of Interest: None declared.
[Downloaded free from http://www.contempclindent.org on Sunday, March 01, 2015, IP: 103.1.92.84] || Click here to download free Android application for this journ