TLC and HPLC

2. Forensic Science
INSTRUMENTATION
TECHNIQUES
Written by-Yukta Guglot
Presented by- Tanu Chandel

3. 1. TLC (Thin-layer
chromatography)

4. Introduction:
• Thin Layer Chromatography is a technique used to isolate
non-volatile mixtures. The experiment is conducted on a
sheet of aluminium foil, plastic, or glass which is coated with
a thin layer of adsorbent material. The material usually used
is aluminium oxide, cellulose, or silica gel.
• Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was discovered in
1938 by Izmailov and Shraiber

5. Principle of TLC:
• The mobile phase is a solvent chosen according to the
properties of the components in the mixture. The principle of
TLC is the distribution of a compound between a solid fixed
phase (the thin layer) applied to a glass or plastic plate and a
liquid mobile phase (eluting solvent) that is moving over the
solid phase.

6. Significance of TLC in Forensic Science:
• TLC is used for the identification and comparison of drugs,
explosives, inks and dyes.
• Useful for investigating pen inks since the development of gel pens,
the ink of which is insoluble.
• Used for analysis of dye on fibres, for example from a piece of
clothing, the dye must be removed from the fibre into a solvent
which can then be applied to the TLC plate.

7. Continue…
• TLC of drugs and explosives is used as a presumptive test, a
means to provide an indication of the nature of the sample, rather
than being used for positive identification of a sample, etc.,

8. • Various medicines
• Biological compounds
• Chemical Compounds
• Pharmaceutical industries
• Food supplements, etc.,
Applications of Thin Layer Chromatography:

9. 2. HPLC (High Performance
Liquid Chromatography)

10. Introduction:
• HPLC abbreviated as High Performance Liquid Chromatography also
known as High Pressure Liquid Chromatography.
• (HPLC) is a form of column chromatography that pumps a sample
mixture or analyte in a solvent (known as the mobile phase) at high
pressure through a column with chromatographic packing material
(stationary phase).

11. Introduction:
• HPLC is an analytical technique used for the separation of
components of an organic mixture of compounds when such
compounds are nonvolatile, thermally unstable, and have
relatively high molecular weights.

12. Forensic Significance of HPLC:
• It deals with investigations regarding drug cartels, terrorism, and much
more. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is an
important forensic technique, often used in cases involving drug
trafficking.
• HPLC is one of the separation techniques most frequently used in
forensic toxicology. … In forensic toxicology, the identification and
quantification of illegal and therapeutic drugs, pesticides, and other
organic poisons from human body fluids and tissue samples are the
dominant tasks, etc.,

13. Applications of HPLC:
• Applied for molecular weight determination, in analytical
chemistry, pharmaceutical and drug science, clinical sciences, food
technology, and consumer products, combinatorial chemistry,
polymer chemistry, environmental chemistry and green chemistry.
• Manufacturing of Highly Pure Products
• Detection of Illicit Drugs
• Research Purpose
• Medicinal Uses
• Related Conference

14. Thankyo
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