This document provides a timeline of major events in the open access movement from the 1960s to 2008. Some key developments include the creation of open access repositories and databases in the 1960s-1970s by US government agencies, the invention of the World Wide Web in 1990, the establishment of open access journals and repositories in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and the release of influential declarations and reports advocating for open access in the early 2000s. The timeline shows the growth of the open access movement from isolated early initiatives to a global movement affecting scientific publishing.
Manual on Remote Sensing v4 - Chapter 6 archive and accessGeorge Percivall
Presentation on ASPRS Manual on Remote Sensing, v4 (MRSv4)
John Faundeen, USGS/EROS and I are editors of the Archiving and Access chapter.
My focus is on visualization, access, processing and workflow.
MRSv4 is planned for release at the ISPRS congress next year.
MRSv4 Chap 6 at ASPRS Annual Meeting 2015
Theses are rarely published and even most PhD Theses never make it into the commercial market. This special bibliography on "Academic These on Terrorism and Related Forms of Violence", containing nearly 800 titles, is therefore particularly welcome and fills a void.
Manual on Remote Sensing v4 - Chapter 6 archive and accessGeorge Percivall
Presentation on ASPRS Manual on Remote Sensing, v4 (MRSv4)
John Faundeen, USGS/EROS and I are editors of the Archiving and Access chapter.
My focus is on visualization, access, processing and workflow.
MRSv4 is planned for release at the ISPRS congress next year.
MRSv4 Chap 6 at ASPRS Annual Meeting 2015
Theses are rarely published and even most PhD Theses never make it into the commercial market. This special bibliography on "Academic These on Terrorism and Related Forms of Violence", containing nearly 800 titles, is therefore particularly welcome and fills a void.
What can Open Access offer me as a teacher?: A guide to Open Access and to ed...Stian Håklev
Presentation given with Clare Brett as part of Master of Teachers Tech Day at OISE, Oct 20 2010.
Abstract: Open Access (OA) and Open Educational Resources (OER's) are terms being increasingly used in educational circles. There are a lot of free, well-designed and interesting curriculum resources out there for the discerning teacher to find and use in their classroom. This workshop will provide a tour of some of the key locations for finding such resources for k-12 teachers, as well as introducing you to the ideas behind Open Access in general, and a discussion of interesting new directions for lifelong professional development, such as the Peer-to-Peer university. The workshop will consist of introducing you to the terms and resources of Open Access as well as small group discussions on strategies and issues about using these resources in your classroom. This will be an interactive session, where your questions are welcome and will guide the kinds of materials we discuss.
How the Land Tenure Project’s Participatory Mapping Manual Provides Land Open...Neil Sorensen
USAID Land Tenure Project Objectives
Support broad based economic development
Improve livelihoods in rural communities
Encourage sustainable land use management
Assist resilient community development
Challenges
Planning traditionally done based on ideal targets, less based on current facts, often due to “lack of information”.
Information often exists, but
largely underutilized (analysis capacities)
not shared/ not accessible (practices)
often heterogeneous and scattered (data management)
sectoral perspectives (planning processes)
→ Challenges of information access and integration across sectors and levels
Open Access and Open Data in Vietnam Current Status and Challenges Neil Sorensen
Open educational resources (OER) are freely accessible, openly licensed documents and media that are useful for teaching, learning, and assessing as well as for research purposes. It is the leading trend in distance education/open and distance learning domain as a consequence of the openness movement.
What can Open Access offer me as a teacher?: A guide to Open Access and to ed...Stian Håklev
Presentation given with Clare Brett as part of Master of Teachers Tech Day at OISE, Oct 20 2010.
Abstract: Open Access (OA) and Open Educational Resources (OER's) are terms being increasingly used in educational circles. There are a lot of free, well-designed and interesting curriculum resources out there for the discerning teacher to find and use in their classroom. This workshop will provide a tour of some of the key locations for finding such resources for k-12 teachers, as well as introducing you to the ideas behind Open Access in general, and a discussion of interesting new directions for lifelong professional development, such as the Peer-to-Peer university. The workshop will consist of introducing you to the terms and resources of Open Access as well as small group discussions on strategies and issues about using these resources in your classroom. This will be an interactive session, where your questions are welcome and will guide the kinds of materials we discuss.
How the Land Tenure Project’s Participatory Mapping Manual Provides Land Open...Neil Sorensen
USAID Land Tenure Project Objectives
Support broad based economic development
Improve livelihoods in rural communities
Encourage sustainable land use management
Assist resilient community development
Challenges
Planning traditionally done based on ideal targets, less based on current facts, often due to “lack of information”.
Information often exists, but
largely underutilized (analysis capacities)
not shared/ not accessible (practices)
often heterogeneous and scattered (data management)
sectoral perspectives (planning processes)
→ Challenges of information access and integration across sectors and levels
Open Access and Open Data in Vietnam Current Status and Challenges Neil Sorensen
Open educational resources (OER) are freely accessible, openly licensed documents and media that are useful for teaching, learning, and assessing as well as for research purposes. It is the leading trend in distance education/open and distance learning domain as a consequence of the openness movement.
A guide for finding scientific and technical grey literature. Topics include search engines and tools, repositories and subject specific databases. Emphasis on open access/low cost resources.
Why ’altmetrics’ now?: shown in a chronological table (1665-2012)Tomoko Tsuchiya
This chronological table covers significant events in scholarly communication leading us to the discussion of 'altmetrics' today. It also serves as useful list of references. Please leave me a comment if you feel anything important is missing from this table.
11 Jan 2013: V.2 reuploaded
Open access for researchers, policy makers and research managers, librariesIryna Kuchma
Open access for researchers: enlarged audience and citation impact, tenure and promotion. Open access for policy makers and research managers: new tools to manage a university’s image and impact. Open access for libraries. Maintaining digital repository as a key function for research libraries.
PromptIn the always contentious field of paleoanthropology, .docxdenneymargareta
Prompt
In the always contentious field of paleoanthropology, more fossils always generates more conjectures…and refutations.
- M. Shermer (2016b)
A couple of years ago, with the introduction and preliminary analysis of
Homo naledi
by Berger et al. (2015), skeptics noted exception to the speed that had been done to excavate, study, and disseminate the results in peer-reviewed publication. After about a year and a half of study (having initiated excavations in the fall of 2013), they fast tracked publication of their results and published their findings in eLife, a new online, open-access, peer-reviewed journal. Further, they provided free access to all data, including 3D download of major specimens to anyone interested. Some paleoanthropologists, including Tim White, took exception to their pace to publication (he took over 15 years to publish results for
Ardipithecus
and when he did in 2009, included 11 peer-reviewed papers in a complete issue of
Science (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
).
Several news stories highlighted this developing feud (e.g., Lents 2015, McKie 2015), while others took exception to some of the hasty claims made by the authors with respect to the possibility that the Rising Cave finds suggested that
Homo naledi
purposefully buried (or discarded) their dead (e.g., Shermer 2016a, 2016b).
For Discussion 5, integrate your findings on
Homo naledi
from Assignment 4 with the debate about the speed of science in paleoanthropology, as exemplified by the efforts of Berger and colleagues. (Granted, the geological context and condition of fossil remains and requisite ‘fossil prep’ is markedly different for the fossils from the Middle Awash in Ethiopia compared to those recovered from Rising Cave.) Further, the original report did not provide dates for the finds, but new finds and ‘good’ dates are now published for this assemblage (Dirks et al. 2017), and suggest a quite recent age for these hominins (Lents, 2017).
Evaluate and assess these two stark approaches to reporting new discoveries to the public. With respect to paleoanthropology, which approach is better and why? Should Berger et al. have waited to report their discoveries until the dating had been resolved?
References cited
Berger, L. et al. (2015)
Homo naledi
, a new species of the genus
Homo
from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
. eLife 2015;4:e09560 (September 10, 2015).
Dirks, P. et al. (2017)
The age of
Homo naledi
and associated sediments in the Rising Star Cave, South Africa (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
. eLife 2017;6:e24231 (May 9, 2017).
Lents, N.H. (2015)
Paleoanthropology wars: The discovery of
Homo naledi
has generated considerable controversy in this scientific discipline (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
. eSkeptic.
Lents, N.H. (2017)
Big news on
Homo naledi
: More fossils and a surprising young age (Lin ...
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Welocme to ViralQR, your best QR code generator.ViralQR
Welcome to ViralQR, your best QR code generator available on the market!
At ViralQR, we design static and dynamic QR codes. Our mission is to make business operations easier and customer engagement more powerful through the use of QR technology. Be it a small-scale business or a huge enterprise, our easy-to-use platform provides multiple choices that can be tailored according to your company's branding and marketing strategies.
Our Vision
We are here to make the process of creating QR codes easy and smooth, thus enhancing customer interaction and making business more fluid. We very strongly believe in the ability of QR codes to change the world for businesses in their interaction with customers and are set on making that technology accessible and usable far and wide.
Our Achievements
Ever since its inception, we have successfully served many clients by offering QR codes in their marketing, service delivery, and collection of feedback across various industries. Our platform has been recognized for its ease of use and amazing features, which helped a business to make QR codes.
Our Services
At ViralQR, here is a comprehensive suite of services that caters to your very needs:
Static QR Codes: Create free static QR codes. These QR codes are able to store significant information such as URLs, vCards, plain text, emails and SMS, Wi-Fi credentials, and Bitcoin addresses.
Dynamic QR codes: These also have all the advanced features but are subscription-based. They can directly link to PDF files, images, micro-landing pages, social accounts, review forms, business pages, and applications. In addition, they can be branded with CTAs, frames, patterns, colors, and logos to enhance your branding.
Pricing and Packages
Additionally, there is a 14-day free offer to ViralQR, which is an exceptional opportunity for new users to take a feel of this platform. One can easily subscribe from there and experience the full dynamic of using QR codes. The subscription plans are not only meant for business; they are priced very flexibly so that literally every business could afford to benefit from our service.
Why choose us?
ViralQR will provide services for marketing, advertising, catering, retail, and the like. The QR codes can be posted on fliers, packaging, merchandise, and banners, as well as to substitute for cash and cards in a restaurant or coffee shop. With QR codes integrated into your business, improve customer engagement and streamline operations.
Comprehensive Analytics
Subscribers of ViralQR receive detailed analytics and tracking tools in light of having a view of the core values of QR code performance. Our analytics dashboard shows aggregate views and unique views, as well as detailed information about each impression, including time, device, browser, and estimated location by city and country.
So, thank you for choosing ViralQR; we have an offer of nothing but the best in terms of QR code services to meet business diversity!
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdfPeter Spielvogel
Building better applications for business users with SAP Fiori.
• What is SAP Fiori and why it matters to you
• How a better user experience drives measurable business benefits
• How to get started with SAP Fiori today
• How SAP Fiori elements accelerates application development
• How SAP Build Code includes SAP Fiori tools and other generative artificial intelligence capabilities
• How SAP Fiori paves the way for using AI in SAP apps
SAP Sapphire 2024 - ASUG301 building better apps with SAP Fiori.pdf
Timelines of the Open Access Movement
1. ก F F F ก
F F ʽ
(Timelines of the Open Access Movement)
F
Open Access Resources / Literatures :
Open Access Literatures F ก ก ก F
(Alailability) F F F F F F / F F ก ก
F F F F ก
ก F ( Peer Reviewed ) ก F ก F
ก กF Open Access ก F
F F ก F ก F ก ก F
ก F ก F ก F ก F ก F ก
ก F ก ˈ ก กF F
ก (OA) ก F / ก ˈ F กก F
F กF ʾ 1990
ʾ 1966 US. Dept of Education ʽ ก F ERIC
ʾ 1966 US. Nat. Library Medicine (NLM) ʽ ก F Medline ก
1997
ʾ 1969 US. Dept of Defense ʽ ก F ARPANET (Advanced Research
Project Agency Network) ʾ 1983 F NCP Protocol ˈ TCP / IP
Protocol ˈ F F F ˆ
ʾ 1970 US. National Agriculture Library ʽ ก F AGRICOLA
AGRICultural Online Access
ʾ 1985 Ronald Reagan F ก F National Policy
On the Transfer of Scientific Technical And Engineering Information
ʾ 1987 ก Perseus ʽ ก F CD-ROM
ʾ 1987 New Horizons in Adult Education F ก
Syracuse ˈ F ก F ก F ก
2. ʾ 1989 Psychology
F ʾ 1990 2000
Oct. 1990 Tim Berners Lee ก Web Client and Server ˈ ก F
F World Wide Web : Proposal for a Hypertext Project 13 ก
1990 F ก ก
ʾ 1991 ʽ ก Gopher
May 1991 www ก ก CERN Tim Berner-Lee
Aug. 1991 ʽ ก arXiv.
ʾ 1992 National Center for Biotechnology Information ʽ ก Entrez GenBank
ʾ 1992 Fก CERN ʽ ก Preprint Server
ʾ 1994 US. National Science Foundation (NSF) ก Digital Library
Initiative.
ʾ 1994 F Stanford ʽ F ก High Wire Press
ʾ 1994 ก Human Genome Project ʽ ก ˈ Open-Access Web Site
ʾ 1994 ก F National Academies Press F ก
F F ก
ʾ 1994 F ก Self-Archiving ˈ ก
July ʾ 1995 D-Lib Magazine ʽ F ก
Sept. ʾ1995 ʽ ก Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
ʾ 1996 ʽ ก F F Network Digital Library of Theses and
Dissertations. (NDLTD)
ʾ 1996 F F The Nordic Journal of Philosophical Logic ʽ
ก
ʾ1997 F German Research Society ʽ ก ก
F F
ʾ 1997 ก F ʽ ก SciELO (Scientific
Electronic Library Online)
ʾ 1997 F PubMed ʽ F ก F F
ʾ1998 African Journal Online (AJOL) ʽ F ก ก
Fก INASP
3. ʾ1998 F CiteSeer ʽ F ก NEC Research Institute
ʾ 1999 BioMed Central ก ก F ก F
ʾ1999 UNESCO-ICSU ก World Conference on Science
Declaration on Science and the use of Scientific Knowledge
ʾ2000 Fก UN : Economic & Social Council ก
Universal Access to Knowledge and Information
F ʾ 2001 ˆ
Jan ʾ 2001 15 ก 2001 ก Wikipedia Jimmy Wales
Sept ʾ 2001 Fก Australian National University ʽ ก E-Print Repository ˈ
OAI-IR ก
Feb. ʾ 2002 ก ก Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI)
ʾ 2002 F Michigan ʽ ก OAIster
ʾ 2002 F ก ACRL ʽ ก Scholarly
Communication Initiative
Oct. ʾ2002 F F ʽ ก DARE
Nov. ʾ2002 MIT ʽ F OAI ก DSpace Open-Source
E-prints Archiving ก ก
ʾ 2003 ก decided that legislation retroactively extending the
term of copyright or pirating from the public domain is constitutional.
April ʾ 2003 Royal Society released Report Keeping Science Open Advocating
Intellectual Property law reforms (in copyright patent, database rights) to widen access to
scientific publications and remove obstacles to the process of scientific inquiry.
May ʾ2003 ก FEDORA (Flexible Extensible Digital Object and Repository
Architecture) Version 1 Virginia &Cornell
May ʾ 2003 Lund ʽ ก DOAJ (Directory of Open
Access Journal)
Oct. ʾ 2003 The Wellcome Trust ก ก OA SOAN
Oct. ʾ 2003 PubMed Central ˈ OAI-compliant
Oct. ʾ2003 ก The Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the
Science and Humanities.
4. Jan. ʾ 2004 Fก OECD ก Declaration on Access to Research Data From Public
Funding
Feb. ʾ 2004 IFLA ก IFLA Statement on Open Access to Scholarly Literature and
Research Document.
April ʾ 2004 Google and CrossRef ʽ ก F CrossRef Search.
June ʾ 2004 ก F Elsevier ก F F F F
F F ก F F F / ก F
(Institutional Repository,IR) F
June ʾ 2004 DOAJ F ก F ก F
July ʾ 2004 ก F Springer ʽ ก Open Choice Hybrid Journal
Program
Oct. ʾ2004 Google ʽ Google Print F ˈ ก eventually differentiated
2 ก Google Publisher ก ก ก ก ก F Google Library
ก ก F ก ก F F F ˈ F ก ก ก F
Nov. ʾ 2004 Google ʽ ก Google Scholar
Dec. ʾ2004 US NOAA (National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration) ก
OA
Dec. ʾ2004 Google ก ก ก (Digitize)
ก F F Public Domain / Copyrighted ก F F 5 F
ʾ 2005
Jan. 2005 F Creative Commons ก F ˈ ก ก ก
OA Science Commons
Feb. 2005 ก F Blackwell Publishing ʽ ก Online Open Hybrid
Journal
June 2005 F ก OA
June 2005 F Research Council, UK. F OA ก ˈ
F F ก F ʽ OA
July 2005 ก F Oxford University Press ʽ ก Oxford Open Hybrid
Journal
5. Sept. 2005 CODATA ก ก ก Global Information Commons for
Science
Dec. 2005 ก ก ก ก American Center for
CURES Act of 2005.
ʾ 2006
Jan. 2006 ก Indian Science Congress ก Optimal National
Open Access Policy
Jan. 2003 Nottingham University (UK.) F ก Lund University (Sweden) ʽ ก
Open DOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories) F ˈ ก
Jan. 2006 MIT F Copyright Amendment Form F F F
F ก F OA
Jan. 2006 German Research Foundation, GFG ก F F F
F F F OA
Feb. 2006 F Informatics ʽ ก Open-J-Gate
Mar. 2006 South Africa, Academy of Science ʽ ก OA Green /
Gold OA
April 2006 Microsoft ʽ ก Live Academic Search
May 2006 ก F F F
Self-Archiving ก F F 6 F
May 2006 ʽ ก National Open Access Initiative ˂
F ก F ก F
May 2006 ʽ F The Finnish Council of University Rectors ก
ก OA F ก
May 2006 National Institute of Technology ก OA
May 2006 ก F Elsevier ʽ ก Hybrid Journal Model
May 2006 The Wall Street Journal F F
ก F F F OA F F F
June 2006 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
ก OA ก F F OA HAL (The Central
French Open Access Repository)
6. Aug. 2006 BMJ ʽ ก ก BMJ Unlocked Hybrid Journal
Aug. 2006 ก F John Wiley & Sons ʽ ก Funded Access Hybrid
Journal
Aug. 2006 ก F Cambridge University Press ʽ ก OA Hybrid Journal
Aug. 2006 American Chemical Society ʽ ก OA. Hybrid Journal
Aug. 2006 American Physical Society ʽ ก OA. Hybrid Journal
Sep. 2006 4 ʽ ก Information Platform Open
Access
Sep. 2006 US. The Institute of Physics ʽ ก EprintWeb.org F
ʽ ก F 73 OA
Sep. 2006 The European Commission 9 ʽ ก DRIVER
(Digital Repository Infrastructure Vision for European Research) F ˈ ก F
OA Repositories
Sep. 2006 Digital Universe ʽ ก OA Encyclopedia of Earth.
Oct. 2006 ก ก ก OA
Oct. 2006 ก ก ก OA
Nov. 2006 ʽ ก ก OA Repository Open Archives
Nov. 2006 ก ก ก Declaration on OA
Dec. 2006 Google ก ก ก กF
Dec. 2006 IFLA UNESO ก F Internet Manifesto Guideline
F F OA
Dec. 2006 Dep. Of Education, Science + Training
25.5 F F OA Repository ˈ F
Research Quality Framework (RQF)
ʾ 2007
Jan. 2007 US. ERIC ก ก OA ก ก ʽ 40 F F F
ˈ
Jan. 2007 US. Dept. of Energy (DOE) F ก British Library (BL) ก ก F OA
Portal F F World Science
7. Feb. 2007 Fก CERN ก F ก 1,800 Fก F
ATLAS Experiment F OA.
Apr.2007 Middle east Technical University ก ก OA
mandate
May 2007 F F ก F OA 2 ก Norwegian Open
Research Archive (NORA) Norwegian Digital Library OpenAccess.no F ˈ
Fก F ก
May 2007 ก ˈ ก OA ก
F
June 2007 F OpenAccess.se F ˈ F
June 2007 Nature ʽ F ก F3 F ก 1
Nature Reports Climate Change / Nature Reports Stem Cells Nature Precedings
F กก / CC licenses, DOIs, RSS feed Web 2.0 F F F ˂ tags F
ratings discussions
June 2007 US. Department of Energy (DOE) ʽ ก WorldWideScience.org ( ก
Science.World )
Aug 2007 German Research Society (DFG) ก F F
OA Journal
Sept.2007 ก F Elsevier ʽ ก F OncologySTAT F ก
101 Oncology
Oct 2007 WorldSciNet ʽ ก OA F 133 F ก 8
ก ก F Imperial College Press
Nov.2007 F F F F ก ʽ ก Kiwi
Research Information Service (KRIS) ก F ก Institutional Repositories
Nov 2007 National Agency for Research (ANR) OA mandate
ก F ก ก ANR
ก ก F
PeterSuber TimelineoftheOpenAccessMovement available at
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/timeline.htm January 2008