This document discusses time expressions used with the present perfect tense in English. It explains the uses of already, ever, never, just, and yet in affirmative and negative sentences. Ever is used to talk about experiences in the past. Just is used for recently completed actions. Never is used for actions that have not occurred. Already is used for actions that were completed before now. Yet is used for actions that have not occurred by the present time in negative sentences or to ask if something has occurred in questions. Examples are provided to illustrate the use of each time expression.

1. TIME EXPRESSIONS FOR THE PRESENT PERFECT
ALREADY, EVER, NEVER, JUST, YET.
EVER = ALGUNA VEZ / Questions
Have / Has + Personal Pronoun + ever + Verb Past Participle + complement?
 Have you ever been to England? = ¿Alguna vez has estado en Inglaterra?
 Has she ever met the President? = ¿Alguna vez ha conocido al Presidente?
 Haven’t they ever played soccer? = ¿Alguna vez ellos no han jugado fútbol?
Have you ever broken a cup?
Yes, I have broken a cup. / No, I have not. / No, I have never broken a cup.
JUST = ACABAR DE - APENAS. (RECIENTEMENTE) – Affirmative Sentences
Personal Pronoun + (have – has) + JUST + Verb Past Participle + complement.
 I have just finished my homework.
 My father has just eaten his breakfast.
 I have just called her.
 They have just announced the list.
 I have just left my job.
 He has just drunk coffee.
 Her husband has just changed the diaper of her son.

2. NEVER = NUNCA
Affirmative Sentences = NOT – N’T
Subject + Has / Have + NEVER + Verb Past Participle + complement
 I have never watched the fast and furious movies.
Yo NUNCA he visto las películas de RF
 My brother has never drunk gin.
Mi hermano NUNCA ha bebido gin
 I have never been to France. = Yo nunca he estado en Francia.
 I haven’t been to France= Yo no he estado en Francia.
No confundir NEVER con HAVE NOT.
Son dos cosas palabras distintas y no deben ir juntas en una mismaoración.
I haven’t never been to France = Yo no nunca he estado en Francia. NOT OK
(No se puede negar dos veces una oración)

3. ALREADY = YA / Affirmative Sentences
Subject + Has – Have + ALREADY + Verb Past Participle + Complement
 We have already learnt that topic.
Nosotros YA hemos aprendido ese tema.
 Julian has already bought a new microphone.
Julian YA ha comprado un Nuevo micrófono
 Miss Chalán has already done her homework.
La señorita Chalán YA ha realizado sus deberes.
YET = NEGATIVE SENTENCES (AÚN – TODAVÍA) / QUESTIONS (YA)
(Tip: Siempre se lo escribe al final)
Negative Sentences:
Subject + auxiliary + verb past participle + complement + YET.
 She has not driven her new car yet. = Ella aún no ha conducido su carro Nuevo
 You have not written your essay yet. = Tú aún no has escrito tu ensayo.
Questions:
Have – Has + subject + verb past participle + complement + YET?
Have you done your homework yet? = ¿Ya has hecho tus tareas?
Sólo use ever (alguna vez) O yet (ya) en “Yes/No Questions”.
Al usarlas wh-question a pesar que la estructura gramatical está correcta, la pregunta
empieza carecer de sentido.