This document summarizes the different tenses in English including: - Present Simple for habitual or repeated actions - Present Continuous for actions happening now - Present Perfect for actions that began in the past but continue in the present - Past Simple for actions that happened at a specific time in the past - Past Continuous for actions that were ongoing during a period of time in the past - Present Perfect Continuous for recent actions with relevance to the present - Future forms including "Be going to" for planned future actions and "Will" for decisions made in the moment.

1. P
R
E
S
E
N
T
S I M P L E C O N T I N U O U S P R E S E N T P E R F E C T
VERB TO BE
Affirm: I am(I’m) (yo soy/estoy), you are
(you’re), he is (he’s)...
Nega.: I’m not, you aren’t, she isn’t...
Questions: Am I...? Are you...? Is it...?
OTHER VERBS
Affirm.: I play(yo juego)..., you play..., he
playS,...
Nega.: I don’t play..., you don’t play..., she
doesn’t play....
Questions: Do I play...? Do you play...?
Does it play...?
When to use:
Para acciones habituales (with everyday,
usually, sometimes...) y para hechos
establecidos (it rains a lot in the north) y
cosas que son siempre verdad.
BE (am/are/is) + VERB + I NG:
Affirm.: I’m playing(yo estoy jugando),
you’re playing, she’s playing....
Nega.: I’m not playing, you aren’t
playing, she isn’t playing...
Questions: Am I playing...? Are you
playing...? Is it playing...?
When to use:
Para acciones que están ocurriendo
AHORA. Cosas que estamos haciendo
en este mismo momento o situaciones
temporales.
HAVE / HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE
A: I have played (he jugado), you have played, he
has played (he’s played)...
N: I haven’t played, you haven’t played, she
hasn’t played...
Q: Have I played...?, Have you played...?, Has It
played...?
Just She has just left. (Acaba de salir)
Already She has already left (ya se ha ido)
Yet She hasn’t left yet. (Todavía no se ha ido)
Ever Have you ever been? (¿has estado alguna
vez)
Never I have never been in Paris (nunca he
estado en Paris)
When to use:
Para acciones que comenzaron en el pasado pero
continúan en el presente. Acciones que han
finalizado en el momento que hablamos o hace muy
poco tiempo.
CONTINUOUS FORM.
HAVE/HAS BEEN DOING
Para acciones muy recientes con consecuencias en el
presente, o cuando el énfasis se pone en el tiempo en
el que transcurre la acción en vez de en el resultado

2. P
A
S
T
S I M P L E C O N T I N U O U S P E R F E C T
VERB TO BE
A: I was (yo era/estaba o fui/estuve), you were, she was....
N: I wasn’t, you weren’t, she wasn’t....
Q: Was I..? Were you...? Was she..?
OTHER VERBS, REGULAR
A: I played (yo jugue o jugaba...), you played, he played...
IRREGULAR (2ª columna)
A: I went (yo fuí o iba), you went, she went...
N: I didn’t play/go, you didn’t play/go, he didn’t
play/go
Q:Did I play/go? Did you play/go? Did it play/go...?
When to use:
Acciones que se realizaron en un punto concreto en el
pasado, yesterday, last week, last month, in June...
WAS / WERE + VERB + ING
A: I was playing (yo estaba jugando),
you were playing, she was
playing....
N: I was not playing, you weren’t
playing, she wasn’t playing...
Q: Was I playing...? Were you
playing...? Was it playing...?
When to use:
Se usa para acciones que se estaban
desarrollando durante un periodo
de tiempo en el pasado.
I was reading a book
Yo estaba leyendo un libro
HAD + PAST PARTICIPLE
A: I had played /been (había jugado/ estdo), you had
played, he had played
N:I hadn’t played, you hadn’t played, she
hadn’t played...
Q: Had I played...?, Had you played...?, Had
It played...?
When to use:
Para hablar de acciones del pasado que
sucedieron, antes de otra acción (past simple) que
a su vez sucedio en el pasado.
By the time I arrived to the club my friends had left.
CONTINUOUS FORM. HAD BEEN DOING
Para acciones que se desarrollan hasta que la
acción en past simple comienza.
I had been studying when he arrived home.
F
U
T
U
R
E
BE GOING TO WILL
A: I’m going to play (yo voy a jugar) you’re going to play, she’s going to play...
N: I’m not going to play, you aren’t going to play, she isn’t going to play...
Q: Am I going to play...? Are you going to play...? Is it going to play...?
When to use:
Para acciones que hemos planificado y tenemos la seguridad de que se van a
realizar. Para predicciones basadas en hechos en el presente. Cosas que estamos
seguros de que van a pasar
A: I will play (yo jugaré), you will play, she will play...
N: I won’t play, you won’t play, she won’t play...
Q: Will I play...?, Will you play...?, Will it play...?,
When to use:
Para decisiones tomadas en el momento, hechos que son
siempre verdad, promesas, ofertas, peticiones y
predicciones.