The document discusses the present perfect simple tense in English. It is used to refer to actions that began in the past but continue in the present or have consequences in the present. The key aspects covered include: - Using auxiliary verbs have/has with the past participle form of the main verb - Structures for affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences - Use of contractions with auxiliary verbs - Use of adverbs like ever, never, just, already, and yet with the present perfect tense - Distinguishing between time periods expressed with for and since

1. PRESENT
PERFECT
SIMPLE

2. USE:
When an action started in the
Past, but continues in the
Present or the consequences
are now.

3. 1. I live in Chiclayo.
2. I lived in Chiclayo in 1990.
3. I have lived in Chiclayo since 1990
Present Simple
Past Simple
Present Perfect
Simple
PAST
PRESENT
1990
EXAMPLES 01

4. EXAMPLES 02
1. I didn’t see her last week
71 2 43 5 6
148 109 11 12 13
TODAY
2. I haven’t seen her since last week
71 2 43 5 6
148 109 11 12 13
TODAY
DID I SEE HER YESTERDAY ?
1. I DON’T KNOW
2. NO, YOU DIDN’T

5. GRAMMAR STRUCTURE
I.
AFFIRMATIVE
S + HAVE / HAS + VPP + C
II. NEGATIVE
S + HAVEN’T / HASN’T + VPP + C
III. QUESTIONS
HAVE / HAS + S + VPP + C ?
IV. SHORT ANSWERS
YES, S + HAVE / HAS NO, S + HAVEN’T / HASN’T

6. AUXILIARY HAVE
In present perfect we use the auxiliary HAVE and HAS
S.P. CONTRACTION
S
AUXILIARY
I I’ve Have Haven’t
YOU You’ve Have Haven’t
HE He’s Has Hasn’t
SHE She’s Has Hasn’t
IT It’s Has Hasn’t
WE We’ve Have Haven’t
YOU You’ve Have Haven’t
THEY They’ve Have Haven’t

7. EXERCISES : AUXILIARY VERB HAVE AND HAS
I . COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH HAVE OR HAS
1. My sister ____ worked here since she was 20 years old.
2. Your car is very dirty, you _____ washed your car for 3 months.
3. We _____ played football for 3 hours
4. Peter _____ eaten anything today because he is ill.
5. The children _____ watched two movies this week.
6. ____ she ever tried Suri?
7. The teacher ____ given us a lot of homework all this month.
8. _____ they cooked chicken this weekend?
9. My mother ____ told me to clean my woom twice this
afternoon.
10. ____ Mark left?
has
hasn’t
haven’t
have
has
have
Has
Has
has
Have

8. EVER AND NEVER
 EVER
USE: IN QUESTIONS
EXAMPLES:
Have you ever eaten Mexican food?
Have you ever jumped from a plane?
 NEVER
USE: IN STAMENTS
EXAMPLES:
You have never eaten Mexican food
She has never jumped from a plane

9. EXERCISES : NEVER - EVER
I . COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH NEVER OR EVER
1. Has her mother _______ cooked Italian food?
2. They have _______ played rugby.
3. Have you _______ seen a play.
4. We’ve _______ eaten worms.
5. He’s ________ driven a BMW.
ever
ever
never
never
never
II . USE THE PROMPTS TO WRITE QUESTIONS, AND THEN GIVE YOUR OWN ANSWERS
1. A: see / Machu Pichu: ___________________________________?
You: __________________________________
2. A: play / in a band: ___________________________________?
You: __________________________________
3. A: ride / a porsche: ___________________________________?
You: __________________________________
4. A: eat / snake: ___________________________________?
You: __________________________________
5. A: break / your head: ___________________________________?
You: __________________________________

10. JUST – ALREADY - YET
JUST (a short time ago)
USE : IN AFFIRMATIVE AND QUESTIONS
Examples:
He has just finished his project (He finished it a short time ago)
They have just taken their breakfast (They ate it a short time ago)
ALREADY (before than we expected)
USE : IN AFFIRMATIVE AND QUESTIONS
Examples:
He has already finished his project (He finished it earlier than expected)
They have already taken their breakfast (They ate it earlier than expected)
YET (not finish)
USE : IN NEGATIVE AND QUESTIONS
Examples:
He hasn’t finished his project yet (He didn’t finish it)
Have theytaken their breakfast yet? (Did they eat it or not?)

11. EXERCISES : JUST – ALREADY - YET
I . COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH JUST, ALREADY OR YET
1. Has Sally cleaned her room _____ ?
2. We have ______ taken lunch , it was delicious.
3. He’s ________ watched this movie twice.
4. Have you booked the plane tickets _____?
5. You haven’t eaten chicken _____.
6. Sorry, i’m full. I’ve _______ taken breakfast. What is 6 am?
7. Has he _____ swum 1000 metres, he’s so tired.
8. They have ______ arrived. It’s too early.
9. My mother hasn’t cooked _______.
10.The teacher has ______ given us our homework.just
already
yet
just
just
already
already
yet
yet
yet

12. FOR - SINCE
FOR + A PERIOD OF TIME
Examples:
They have worked in this institute for 10 months
She has played the piano for 15 years
fifteen minutes
two months
ten years
a week
a short time
Hours
five days
six hours
three weeks
a long time
SINCE + A POINT IN TIME
Examples:
They have worked in this institute since January
She has played the piano since 1995
June
Last summer yesterday
last month
Christmas
Wednesday
I was ten
eight o’clock
my birthday
1992

13. EXERCISES : FOR - SINCE
I . COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH FOR OR SINCE
1. They have lived in USA ____ 25 years.
2. She hasn’t gone abroad _____ she was 5 years old.
3. Mark and Tom have been friends _____ a long time
4. Mrs Brown has worked in this school _____ 1982
5. My children have played football _______ 2 hours.
6. He hasn’t taken a shower _____ yesterday.
7. We have kept the secret ______ years.
8. He’s eaten a boiled egg everyday ______ he was in primary school.
9. My wife hasn’t cook Chinese food ______ nine moths.
10.I haven’t been in a concert ______ I went to U2 concert.
for
since
for
for
for
for
since
since
since
since

14. FINISHED AND UNFINISHED TIME
We use finished time in Past
Simple, Past Continuous and
Past Perfect
Examples:
yesterday
last night
last week
last month
this morning
this afternoon
in summer
when i was 10
in 1990
We use unfinished time in
Present perfect
Examples:
today
tonight
this week
this month
this morning
this afternoon
This evening
For 2 years
Since I was 10