Human anatomy

1. Thoracic Wall
&
Thoracic cavity
Prepared & Delivered
By
Dr Anita Rani
6th Jan 2015

2. Thorax
• Region of the trunk between neck and
abdomen
• Skin
• Superficial fascia
• Deep Fascia
• Muscles
• Thoracic cage or wall
• Thoracic cavity

3. Thoracic Cage
• Sternum:
Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid Process
• 12 pair of Ribs
1-7 : vertebrosternal
8-10 : vertebrochondral
11-12 : vertebral ( floating )
• 12 Thoracic vertebrae

4. Thoracic Cage

5. Thoracic Cage

6. Extant of thorax

7. Thoracic Inlet & Outlet

8. Role of thoracic cage in protecting
abdominal viscera

9. Joints of thoracic cage
1. Joints between vertebrae and Ribs
 Body of vertebra & Head of Rib
Costovertebral Joint :
synovial type
 Transverse process & tubercle of Rib
Costotransverse joint :
synovial type
******************************************
Movements: Elevation & Depression of ribs

10. Costovertebral
&
Costotransverse joints

11. Identify the joints

12. Joints of thoracic cage
 Joint between Rib & costal cartilage
 Costochondral joint :
 Primary cartilagenous
 Joints in between 7th, 8th, 9th & 10th costal
cartilages
 Interchondral joint:
 Plane synovial
 Joints between costal cartilages & Sternum
 First : Synchondrosis
 Rest: 2nd -7th : plane synovial joint

13. Joints of thoracic cage
 Joint between manubrium and body of
sternum
Manubriosternal joint :
Secondary cartilagenous ( Symphysis)
[Synostosis in elderly]
 Joint in between body of sternum & xiphoid
process
Xiphisternal joint :
Primary cartilagenous (Synchondrosis)
 Intervertebral Joints
 Sternoclavicular Joint

14. Movements

15. Thoracic wall
Extrinsic Muscles

16. Thoracic Wall
Extrinsic Muscles

17. Thoracic Wall
Extrinsic Muscles

18. Intercostal Muscles
• 3 Layers
• External Intercostal
• Internal intercostal
• Transversus thoracic
• Intercostalis intimii
• Sternocostalis
• Subcostalis

22. Anterior thoracic wall
(seen from behind)

24. Arterial supply of thoracic wall

25. Arterial supply of thoracic wall

26. Venous drainage of thoracic wall

27. Venous drainage of thoracic wall

28. Thoracic cavity

29. Thoracic cavity
after removing anterior thoracic wall

30. Thoracic cavity
cross section

31. Thoracic inlet
• Upper end of the
thorax which is
continuous with the
neck
• Anterior: upper
border of manubrium
sternum
• Posterior: superior
surface of body of
first thoracic vertebra
• Lateral: first ribs

32. Suprapleural membrane
Sibsons Fascia
Cervicothoracic diaphragm

33. Suprapleural membrane

34. Structures passing through Inlet
Large artery:
Brachiocephalic
Left common
carotid
Left subclavian

35. Structures passing through Inlet
Veins:
Right and left
brachiocephalic
veins

36. Structure passing
through Inlet
Viscera:
Trachea
Oesophagus
Apices of lungs &
pleura
Remains of the
thymus

37. Thoracic Inlet
Contents

38. •
Structure passing
through Inlet
Nerves:
Phrenic
vagus
Sympathetic
trunk
First Intercostal
Left Recurrent
Laryngeal

39. Structure passing
through Inlet
Muscles:
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Longus colli

41. Thoracic Outlet

45. Vertebral Levels