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Thinking outside the box for better nutrition through agriculture: Malawi is rich with potential
- 1. Strengthening Agricultural and Nutrition Extension (SANE) Stacia Nordin, RD (Registered Dietitian), SANE Nutrition Education Specialist Ag Nutrition Extension Resources, http://bit.do/SANEAgNutrition Nordin@illinois.edu (+265) 999-333-073 (cell, whatsapp) Thinking outside the box Malawi is Rich …with Potential Solutions start with Me ... We are better together
- 2. Staples Legumes & Nuts Vegetables Staples Fats & Oils Legumes & Nuts Vegetables Fruits Animal Foods PRODUCTION CONSUMPTION
- 3. Nutrition Security 1st 4th 3rd 2nd Medicating Soil, Food, Water & People can be avoided with a healthy foundation Agriculture – the SOURCE of Nutrition 3 Human Systems For Agriculture, Food, Water, Energy, Health, Education, etc. Food & Water Security All food groups & water: Stable Availability, Accessibility Utilization Health Body & living conditions: care, water, sanitation, hygiene Natural Resources & Systems Soil, Water, Air, Sun, Vegetation, Animals (including insects & humans)
- 4. High levels of Poor Nutrition Food & Water Insecurity Calories, but lacking nutrients Water becoming serious threat Systems are currently out of balance Requires higher inputs Higher Medications for People Food & Water Plants, Animals, Soil
- 5. Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) 13 key interventions Based on Lancet Series Healthy Eating & Living: 1. Healthy Diverse Diets • Pregnant & Lactating Women • Fathers, Siblings, Grandparents, etc. 2. Infant Young Child Feeding: • Exclusive breastfeeding (0 - 6 mo.) • Complementary feeding (6 - 24 mo.) 3. Water, Hygiene & Sanitation THESE 10 WILL DIMINISH AS WE IMPROVE: Temporary, Short Tem Treatments / supplements: 4. Vitamin A supplementation 5. Zinc supplementation for diarrhoea 6. Deworming 7. Iron & folate supplements 8. Salt iodisation 9. Prevent & treat Undernutrition 10. Treat Severe Acute Malnutrition 11. Multiple micronutrient powders 12. Iodised oil capsules 13. Iron fortification of staples
- 6. 6 Natural Resources & Systems Soil, Water, Air, Sun, Vegetation, Animals (including insects & humans) 1st 1. Build a strong Base Minimum Agricultural Environment Standards 1 - Cover all Soil 2 - Harvest all water (use every drop) 3 - Be Diverse, Include Indigenous species 4 - Manage all animals 5 - Solutions start with me
- 7. Global FOOD Supply 7,000 plant foods available 3 crops = 50 % plant energy 30 crops = 95 % calories & protein FAO 1997 Soil Production Processing Marketing Buying Preparing Eating Source: Sustainable Nutrition Manual: Food, Water, Agriculture & Environment. Second Edition. World Food Programme Malawi, Endorsed by MoAIWD ATCC 2016. www.NeverEndingFood.org/Sustainable-Nutrition-Manual
- 8. WE (could) have SOOOOOOO Much! Malawi has at least 600 different foods. Plus species for soil fertility, medicines, energy, building, fibres, finances, etc.
- 9. Asiatic Dayflower Commelina communis Chichewa: Kasungwi Leaves 184% RNI for Vitamin A Wild Custard Apple Annona dipsacens Chichewa: Mposa Fruit 103% RNI for Vitamin A Marc Barany Non-Timber Forest Products in the Food Security and Nutrition of Smallholders Afflicted by HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa
- 10. Baobab Adansonia digitata Chichewa: Mlambe Leaves more than 100% of RNI for Iron Fruit has 179% of RNI for vitamin C
- 11. Leaves: More than 100% of RNI for Iron (Marc Barany, Non-Timber Forest Products in the Food Security and Nutrition of Smallholders Afflicted by HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa Tamarind Tamarinindus indica Chichewa: Bwemba
- 12. Mopane Worm Gonimbrasia belina Chichewa: Mphalabungu Twice the protein of beef! (Marc Barany, Non-Timber Forest Products in the Food Security and Nutrition of Smallholders Afflicted by HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa)
- 14. Action for Natural Medicine Aloe vera Aloe barbadensis • Skin problems – externally & internally - Burns - Wounds • Selenium source • Immuno-modulator - strengthens immune system - helps with rheumatism, allergies and cancer
- 15. 15 2. Build strong Systems • Coordination, Collaboration & Colocation • Agriculture Sector Food & Nutrition Strategy • Diverse Seed Systems • School Health and Nutrition • Cleaner Cookstoves, biogas, briquettes • Composting Toilets • Capacity Building - Learning & Teaching Tools 2nd Human Systems For Agriculture, Food, Water, Energy, Health, Education, etc.
- 16. Malawi’s Coordination Collaboration & Co-location System DAECC DSP ADC TA VDC VH VAC ASP AEC GAC VNCC NRMHealth ANCC NRMHealth CDA SWA Councillor GVH DAC DC DEC CC EE DNCC Health CD Gender SW Youth MP Local Government 8 Divisions 5 ZonesDNHA Education Education Education 6 divisions 1 Nation CPC CPC CPC 29 DISTRICT COUNCILS Agriculture Health NRM CC EE Com Dev Gender SW Youth Political Education DoDMA WASH SHN NRM Community/ Village: Planning & implementation e.g. Model Village, Farmer Learning Centres, Nutrition Groups, Health Clubs
- 17. Feb: 3 Regional Consultations (central pictured here) Agriculture Sector Food & Nutrition Strategy Jan: 40 national consultations 18 met / responded) 25 attended review (Apr 9) Mar: 8 Community Consultations ASP/ANCC Joint RU, LL, MH, CK 2013 2014 Finalization 2016-2017
- 18. Unbalanced production All Seasons (rains vs. dry) Balanced Production All Seasons (rains vs. dry) Too Much Maize Too Much Soil & Water Loss Diverse Production Care for the Earth Permaculture Designed with Nature Care for Earth, Care for People, Fair Share Bare High Soil & Water Loss Agriculture the Source of Nutrition
- 19. “Agro-ecology and the Right to Rood” March 2011 Based on an extensive review of recent scientific literature, the report demonstrates that agroecology, if sufficiently supported, can double food production in entire regions within 10 years while mitigating climate change and alleviating rural poverty.
- 20. Soil Health Compost LegumesWorm Farms Mulching Agro-Forestry The soil needs protein (nitrogen) and a diverse diet, just like we do!
- 22. Water Harvesting from the roof into the earth or into tanks Into orchards Into tanks
- 23. Energy Fire wood efficiency with tree planting, wind, solar, water, biogas...and more
- 24. Integrated animal systems Land O’Lakes Food for 24 Combinations of: ponds – animals – plants – trees – live fencing – etc.
- 25. Integrated Pest Management Strong smelling plants, beneficial creatures, thorns, etc.
- 26. Diversified meals from 6 food groups: Food Availability Calendar
- 27. Biodiverse Food Cards & Food Availability Calendar
- 28. Pictures & Recipes - healthy diverse family meals
- 29. Ufa NsombaMasaamba Mafuta Madzi Mchere IYCF Recipe Books: with flexible, diverse ingredients
- 30. 3. Food & Water Security 2nd Human Systems For Agriculture, Food, Water, Energy, Health, Education, etc. 1st Food & Water Security All food groups & water: Stable Availability, Accessibility Utilization Natural Resources & Systems Soil, Water, Air, Sun, Vegetation, Animals (including insects & humans) 3rd
- 31. FOOD SECURITY ALL food groups EVERY Day for EVERYONE For 1 day For 1 year 1 Adult Calories % Calories 1 adult (Kg) 16 Million Adults (kg) 1. Staples ½ Grains 838 38% 90 1,460,000 ½ Tubers 240 11% 90 1,460,000 2. Fruits 150 7% 108 1,752,000 3. Vegetables 96 4% 108 1,752,000 4. Legumes & Nuts 588 26% 54 584,000 5. Animal Foods 58 3% 36 584,000 6. Fats 235 11% 18 116,800 TOTAL food needed: 2,205 100% 504 7,708,800 NOT just maize. Millet, Sorghum, Yams, etc. NOT 300 kg of maize per year 30 kg maize, 30 kg millet, 30 kg sorghum
- 32. Nutrition Security 1st 4th 3rd 2nd Medicating Soil, Food, Water & People can be avoided with a healthy foundation Agriculture – the SOURCE of Nutrition 32 Human Systems For Agriculture, Food, Water, Energy, Health, Education, etc. Food & Water Security All food groups & water: Stable Availability, Accessibility Utilization Health Body & living conditions: care, water, sanitation, hygiene Natural Resources & Systems Soil, Water, Air, Sun, Vegetation, Animals (including insects & humans)
- 33. Staples Fats Fruits Vegetables Legumes & NutsAnimal Foods Malawi is Rich! Produce & Eat all food groups
Editor's Notes
- There is something not right with these pictures. We talk about Consuming a wide variety of nutrient dense foods, but we will never acheive it if we don’t align these two pictures and get Serious about Nutrition from the Source, Agriculture. These are the only S-type words that should be used with Agriculture! Source, Serious, Agriculture in no way should be just ‘sensitive’ to nutrition. It IS our nutrition. Agriculture starts us off with an ability to have Food Security – all the food groups every day, or not
- Integration is key for Nutrition Security = Nutrient need are met for growth, health and energy Environment & Agriculture = the foundation of Nutrition, the source of our nutrients. Nutrients start their way to us from our Natural Environment Humans create systems to produce nutrients, access them, and help us understand how to use them Food & Water Security should result from healthy natural and human systems – Food Security = All the food groups Healthy living is required for our bodies to use the nutrients. Health care is needed to address illness quickly. Good nutrition will likely result with solid layers. In turn this contributes to healthier, stronger, more energetic people to continue to improve systems. Medication can be avoided when the systems are healthy.
- We are not currently succeeding, as the meeting today has shown us. This results in high inputs at every level to treat the symptoms
- The pyramid to build good nutrition and the IFSN project focuses are in line with SUN. On the Left are things that every human needs. On the Right are treatments that SUN is promoting to address symptoms - Need to balance these treatments with fixing and preventing problems so that we can reduce the treatments over time.
- To Do’s: Map what you know, multiply, research, innovate, share, sell, eat Mark down what you don’t know, research, question, discuss, observe Take pictures
- Food Groups are used to identify what communities have available and accessible on a food Calender Where there are gaps: Dig Deeper – look at indigenous supply Diversify planting & raising of animals Preserve foods Reduce waste by meal planning properly
- Staple grains currently dominate agriculture, diets, monitoring and aid systems. Need to reduce and diversify grains to 40% of calories Other calories will come from Tubers & the other food groups
- Integration is key for Nutrition Security = Nutrient need are met for growth, health and energy Environment & Agriculture = the foundation of Nutrition, the source of our nutrients. Nutrients start their way to us from our Natural Environment Humans create systems to produce nutrients, access them, and help us understand how to use them Food & Water Security should result from healthy natural and human systems – Food Security = All the food groups Healthy living is required for our bodies to use the nutrients. Health care is needed to address illness quickly. Good nutrition will likely result with solid layers. In turn this contributes to healthier, stronger, more energetic people to continue to improve systems. Medication can be avoided when the systems are healthy.