The document discusses the status and outlook of the photovoltaics (PV) industry. It provides an overview of the major PV technologies including crystalline silicon, thin film technologies like cadmium telluride and copper indium gallanese selenide, and emerging technologies. It discusses the major players, conversion efficiencies, projected cost reductions, and forecasts that PV could produce 10% of the world's electricity by 2035 and play a major role in reducing carbon emissions.
IBDP Group 4 Project Chemistry:Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (HFS Powai) [Update...Ninad Patil
We made a solar cell for the chemistry segment of our group four project, in which four sciences( Physics, Biology, Chemistry and ESS) investigate an umbrella topic, which for us was 'Solar Power'. Special thanks to Shyam sir( Our school lab manager), Hritika mam( Our chemistry teacher) and IIT Metallurgy and Material Science department ( They donated FTO glass for our project).This could not have been possible without the guidance from the students and the head of the Material science department.
This is an effective method of solving energy crisis in a low cost method other than photo-voltaic cell. This DSSC are more efficient and economic than traditional solar cells
IBDP Group 4 Project Chemistry:Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (HFS Powai) [Update...Ninad Patil
We made a solar cell for the chemistry segment of our group four project, in which four sciences( Physics, Biology, Chemistry and ESS) investigate an umbrella topic, which for us was 'Solar Power'. Special thanks to Shyam sir( Our school lab manager), Hritika mam( Our chemistry teacher) and IIT Metallurgy and Material Science department ( They donated FTO glass for our project).This could not have been possible without the guidance from the students and the head of the Material science department.
This is an effective method of solving energy crisis in a low cost method other than photo-voltaic cell. This DSSC are more efficient and economic than traditional solar cells
In times of fossil fuel shortage, increasing crude oil prices, as well as rejection of conventional energy sources (e.g. coal or nuclear power plants), sustainable energy forms become more and more the focus of attentions. Hydropower, wind power, geothermal power, or biomass processing are but a few of these sustainable resources.
Another important source for renewable energy is solar power. Photovoltaics and solar thermal collectors are most widely used.
Dye solar cells (DSCs) which are discussed in this application note are thin film cells. They are also called dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) or Grätzel cells named after the Swiss chemist Michael Grätzel who was greatly involved in the development of new cell types.
Done by Alchemists group, Doha Independent secondary school for boys
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is a low-cost solar cell belonging to the group of thin film solar cells.
The PSP: The portable solar panel is a medium sized DSSC.
it was created because it has a huge array of possible uses.
It is made to be used anywhere It contains 4 cells. The size is 30 X 30 cm.
Dye sensitized solar cell using Grape JuiceRavinder Kumar
This presentation has some video too so don't miss than. When you play this presentation on full screen they will play automatically in your computer after download. thank you .
Done by Engineers group, Doha Independent secondary school for boys
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is a low-cost solar cell belonging to the group of thin film solar cells.
Fossil fuel will not stay forever so why don’t we make use of the Solar Energy.
We thought about using DSSCs in Qatar metro
DSSCs will be on the surface of the metro and also on both sides to absorb maximum amount of solar energy
Solar panels will also be placed in the train stations and supplied by them.
Done by Group: OBK-Tom-Pioneers7
School: Omar Bin Alkhattab Independent School for Boys
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) Module: The students study the concept of using dyes to plant dyes to capture the solar energy to convert it into electrical energy simulating the natural process “photosynthesis”. They use the workshop-gained knowledge in DSSC to invent new products.
The group presents the activities of the Dye-sensitized solar cell module and thought about improving the DSSC. Also, they designed a boat in order to use the DSSC to supply the boat’s lights.
Done by Geniuses group, Doha Independent secondary school for boys
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is a low-cost solar cell belonging to the group of thin film solar cells.
As you know that the Qatari society likes to spend the weekend in the mainland, and this is the idea of our project in the energy that you need to spend the Qatari family needs in such leave, the provision of our product provides the raw material in the production of electricity as fuel, diesel fuel.
This presentation is done by the team Challengers from Al Wakra Independent Secoondary School for boys.
This project is based on the topic Dye- Sensitised Solar Cells where the students fabricate an artificial photosynthetic device using nanotechnology and plant pigments to capture sun energy and convert it to electricity. They study the concept of using dyes to plant dyes to capture the solar energy to simulate the natural process “photosynthesis”. They use the workshop-gained knowledge in DSSC to invent new products. They are challenged to create the most efficient dye-sensitized solar cell, using vegetable and fruit dyes, in order to power an electric device.
The product idea is Solar Alarm that works when the sun rises that could be used in many places like in the military boot camp to wake the soldiers and everyone else up when the sun comes up.
Done by Group: Golden
School: Al Wakra Independent School for Girls
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) Module: The students study the concept of using dyes to plant dyes to capture the solar energy to convert it into electrical energy simulating the natural process “photosynthesis”. They use the workshop-gained knowledge in DSSC to invent new products.
The project consists of two parts, one of them is improving DSSC (They used different dyes) and the other part is an idea about application on the traffic lights.
Recent progress in non platinum counter electrode materials for dye sensitize...Science Padayatchi
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have gained increasing attention
with regard to photovoltaic devices, because of their low
cost and simple fabrication methods; they are mostly investigated
in indoor light-harvesting and portable applications. The
focus has been on three main parameters of photovoltaic devices,
that is, lifetime, and cost effectiveness. A DSSC consists of
four prominent components including a photoanode, a photosensitizer,
a redox electrolyte, and a counter electrode. The
counter electrode is a crucial component, in which triiodide is
reduced to iodide by electrons flowing through the external
circuit. An effective approach to improve the performance of
a counter electrode is to enhance the power conversion efficiency
and to reduce the cost of the device. Platinum-coated
conducting glass electrodes give the best performance, but
their high cost and the scarcity of platinum restricts large-scale
application in DSSCs. This has prompted researchers to develop
low-costing platinum-free electrodes for DSSCs. In this
review, we focus mainly on counter electrode materials for the
electrocatalytic redox reaction for the I¢/I¢
3 electrolyte, and
apart from this, other counter electrode materials for iodinefree
redox electrolytes are discussed. Different counter electrode
materials are highlighted in different categories such as
carbon materials, conducting polymers, oxide and sulfide materials,
transition-metal nitrides and carbides, and composite
materials. The stability of counter electrodes in DSSCs is also
presented.
In times of fossil fuel shortage, increasing crude oil prices, as well as rejection of conventional energy sources (e.g. coal or nuclear power plants), sustainable energy forms become more and more the focus of attentions. Hydropower, wind power, geothermal power, or biomass processing are but a few of these sustainable resources.
Another important source for renewable energy is solar power. Photovoltaics and solar thermal collectors are most widely used.
Dye solar cells (DSCs) which are discussed in this application note are thin film cells. They are also called dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) or Grätzel cells named after the Swiss chemist Michael Grätzel who was greatly involved in the development of new cell types.
Done by Alchemists group, Doha Independent secondary school for boys
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is a low-cost solar cell belonging to the group of thin film solar cells.
The PSP: The portable solar panel is a medium sized DSSC.
it was created because it has a huge array of possible uses.
It is made to be used anywhere It contains 4 cells. The size is 30 X 30 cm.
Dye sensitized solar cell using Grape JuiceRavinder Kumar
This presentation has some video too so don't miss than. When you play this presentation on full screen they will play automatically in your computer after download. thank you .
Done by Engineers group, Doha Independent secondary school for boys
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is a low-cost solar cell belonging to the group of thin film solar cells.
Fossil fuel will not stay forever so why don’t we make use of the Solar Energy.
We thought about using DSSCs in Qatar metro
DSSCs will be on the surface of the metro and also on both sides to absorb maximum amount of solar energy
Solar panels will also be placed in the train stations and supplied by them.
Done by Group: OBK-Tom-Pioneers7
School: Omar Bin Alkhattab Independent School for Boys
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) Module: The students study the concept of using dyes to plant dyes to capture the solar energy to convert it into electrical energy simulating the natural process “photosynthesis”. They use the workshop-gained knowledge in DSSC to invent new products.
The group presents the activities of the Dye-sensitized solar cell module and thought about improving the DSSC. Also, they designed a boat in order to use the DSSC to supply the boat’s lights.
Done by Geniuses group, Doha Independent secondary school for boys
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) is a low-cost solar cell belonging to the group of thin film solar cells.
As you know that the Qatari society likes to spend the weekend in the mainland, and this is the idea of our project in the energy that you need to spend the Qatari family needs in such leave, the provision of our product provides the raw material in the production of electricity as fuel, diesel fuel.
This presentation is done by the team Challengers from Al Wakra Independent Secoondary School for boys.
This project is based on the topic Dye- Sensitised Solar Cells where the students fabricate an artificial photosynthetic device using nanotechnology and plant pigments to capture sun energy and convert it to electricity. They study the concept of using dyes to plant dyes to capture the solar energy to simulate the natural process “photosynthesis”. They use the workshop-gained knowledge in DSSC to invent new products. They are challenged to create the most efficient dye-sensitized solar cell, using vegetable and fruit dyes, in order to power an electric device.
The product idea is Solar Alarm that works when the sun rises that could be used in many places like in the military boot camp to wake the soldiers and everyone else up when the sun comes up.
Done by Group: Golden
School: Al Wakra Independent School for Girls
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) Module: The students study the concept of using dyes to plant dyes to capture the solar energy to convert it into electrical energy simulating the natural process “photosynthesis”. They use the workshop-gained knowledge in DSSC to invent new products.
The project consists of two parts, one of them is improving DSSC (They used different dyes) and the other part is an idea about application on the traffic lights.
Recent progress in non platinum counter electrode materials for dye sensitize...Science Padayatchi
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have gained increasing attention
with regard to photovoltaic devices, because of their low
cost and simple fabrication methods; they are mostly investigated
in indoor light-harvesting and portable applications. The
focus has been on three main parameters of photovoltaic devices,
that is, lifetime, and cost effectiveness. A DSSC consists of
four prominent components including a photoanode, a photosensitizer,
a redox electrolyte, and a counter electrode. The
counter electrode is a crucial component, in which triiodide is
reduced to iodide by electrons flowing through the external
circuit. An effective approach to improve the performance of
a counter electrode is to enhance the power conversion efficiency
and to reduce the cost of the device. Platinum-coated
conducting glass electrodes give the best performance, but
their high cost and the scarcity of platinum restricts large-scale
application in DSSCs. This has prompted researchers to develop
low-costing platinum-free electrodes for DSSCs. In this
review, we focus mainly on counter electrode materials for the
electrocatalytic redox reaction for the I¢/I¢
3 electrolyte, and
apart from this, other counter electrode materials for iodinefree
redox electrolytes are discussed. Different counter electrode
materials are highlighted in different categories such as
carbon materials, conducting polymers, oxide and sulfide materials,
transition-metal nitrides and carbides, and composite
materials. The stability of counter electrodes in DSSCs is also
presented.
Designing a low cost UV-Exposure System for Optical MicrolithographySushenDhali
Designing a low cost (about 52 $) UV-Exposure system for lithography and other UV-ray induced chemical reactions. These slides also describes detail process of photolithography.
Different Generation Solar Cells
CIGS and CZTS Based Technology
Ink Based Technology
CIGS Device Structure
Making more efficient solar cells
Developing thin film technologies using alternative less costly materials and methods
Incorporate innovative cheaper deposition methods such as electrodeposition and printing technology
Numerical Simulation and Efficiency Improvement of Solar Cell using Multi Lay...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Efficiency improvement of solar cell has been
achieved using design and simulation of anti-reflecting
coating. Anti-Reflecting coating helps in deploying new
geometries shape for the evaluation of different methods to
provide for light trapping in all directions and enables full
space utilization when bringing together into device arrays.
Efficiency improvement strategies have been discussed using
efficient selection of modules and surface texturing using
TCAD tools. Significant improvement in yield and
minimization of losses was achieved using device simulation
and process simulation platform using silvaco tools. Multilayer anti reflecting coating has been designed which can be
studied to analyze the performance of system. It was observed
that multi-layer coating helps in improvement of available
current for similar light beam under simulation.
MARINET – National Technology Initiative (NTI) is a key long-term program of the public-private partnership in the development of promising new markets based on high-tech solutions that will determine development of the global and Russian economy in the next 15-20 years.
MARINET was established in 2015 and involves a wide range of organizations providing advanced technologies for the maritime industry – from the leading corporations and universities to startup companies and research teams. Currently it joins several hundreds representatives from technology companies, leading universities, research and scientific centers, development institutions, business associations, ministries and government agencies.
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
We will dig deeper into:
1. How to capture video testimonials that convert from your audience 🎥
2. How to leverage your testimonials to boost your sales 💲
3. How you can capture more CRM data to understand your audience better through video testimonials. 📊
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
Affordable Stationery Printing Services in Jaipur | Navpack n PrintNavpack & Print
Looking for professional printing services in Jaipur? Navpack n Print offers high-quality and affordable stationery printing for all your business needs. Stand out with custom stationery designs and fast turnaround times. Contact us today for a quote!
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
Tata Group Dials Taiwan for Its Chipmaking Ambition in Gujarat’s DholeraAvirahi City Dholera
The Tata Group, a titan of Indian industry, is making waves with its advanced talks with Taiwanese chipmakers Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) and UMC Group. The goal? Establishing a cutting-edge semiconductor fabrication unit (fab) in Dholera, Gujarat. This isn’t just any project; it’s a potential game changer for India’s chipmaking aspirations and a boon for investors seeking promising residential projects in dholera sir.
Visit : https://www.avirahi.com/blog/tata-group-dials-taiwan-for-its-chipmaking-ambition-in-gujarats-dholera/
What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.
Attending a job Interview for B1 and B2 Englsih learnersErika906060
It is a sample of an interview for a business english class for pre-intermediate and intermediate english students with emphasis on the speking ability.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
Editable Toolkit to help you reuse our content: 700 Powerpoint slides | 35 Excel sheets | 84 minutes of Video training
This PowerPoint presentation is only a small preview of our Toolkits. For more details, visit www.domontconsulting.com
RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
In this deck, you will learn the significance of workplace discipline for organisational success. You’ll also learn
• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
• The best and most practical approach to implementing workplace discipline.
• Three (3) key tips to maintain a disciplined workplace.
The_Status_and_Outlook_for_the_Photovoltaics_Industry_2007 BP
1. The Status and Outlook for the
Photovoltaics Industry
David E. Carlson
March 14, 2006
2. Outline of the Talk
The PV Market
The Major Players
Different Types of Solar Cells
Field Installations
Performance and Cost
Projections for the Future of Photovoltaics
5. The Major Players
Crystalline Si Amorphous Si CIGS CdTe
Sharp United Solar Shell Solar First Solar
Kyocera Kaneka Showa Shell Antec Solar
BP Solar Fuji Electric Wurth Solar
Q-Cells Sharp DayStar
Mitsubishi Mitsubisihi
SolarWorld Schott Solar
Sanyo
Schott Solar
Isofoton
Motech
Suntech
6. Operation of a Solar Cell
Photons are absorbed in the
semiconductor resulting in the
creation of electron-hole pairs
The photo-generated electron-
hole pairs are physically
separated at the p/n junction
The photogenerated carriers
are collected by the contacts
on the front and rear of the
cell
The photocurrent can be
delivered to an external load at
an applied voltage to perform
useful work
8. Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
The BP Solar Saturn
solar cell utilizes a
laser-grooved, buried
front contact
The aluminum back
contact is heated to
n+ form a back surface
n++ P
field, which reduces
Buried surface recombination
contact
Best lab efficiency =
20.1%
Back contact
9. Sanyo HIT Solar Cell
Screen-printed Ag
collection grids
Textured n-type CZ Si
(200 μm thick)
The HIT cell utilizes amorphous Si intrinsic layers (~ 5 nm) as super-passivation
layers. The cell is symmetric except for the a-Si p+ emitter layer (~ 10 nm) on
the front and the a-Si n+ contact layer (~ 15 nm) on the rear. The transparent
electrodes are sputter-deposited indium-tin-oxide (ITO)
Best lab efficiency = 21.6% (open-circuit voltages > 700 mV)
10. SunPower Back Contact Solar Cell
The SunPower cell has all its electrical contacts on the rear surface of the cell
The diffusion lengths > twice the cell thickness
Best lab efficiency = 21.6%
12. Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells
The CdS/CdTe
heterojunction solar cell is
typically formed by using a
chemical bath technique to
deposit the CdS and close
space vacuum sublimation
to deposit the CdTe
Toxicity of Cd is perceived
by some to be an issue
Best lab efficiency = 16.5%
14. Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Dye-sensitized solar cells utilize a few monolayers of ruthenium-
based dye molecules on titanium oxide particles in an electrolyte
Best lab efficiency = 11%
15. Spectrolab’s Triple-Junction Solar Cell
In July 2005, Spectrolab reported the highest efficiency solar cell
to date, a 39.0% triple-junction cell operating at 236 suns
16. Conversion Efficiencies vs. Time (NREL)
40
Multijunction Concentrators
Spectrolab NREL
Three-junction (2-terminal, monolithic)
36 Two-junction (2-terminal, monolithic) Spectrolab
Crystalline Si Cells
Single crystal Japan
32 Multicrystalline
Energy NREL/
NREL Spectrolab
Thin Film Technologies NREL
28 Cu(In,Ga)Se2
CdTe
Amorphous Si:H (stabilized) UNSW
UNSW
24 UNSW
Efficiency (%)
Emerging PV Spire
UNSW NREL
Dye cells UNSW Cu(In,Ga)Se2
Spire Stanford
Organic cells UNSW 14x concentration
20 (various technologies) Sharp
Georgia Tech NREL
Westing- ARCO Georgia Tech
NREL NREL NREL
Varian
house
NREL
16 No. Carolina
University
So. Florida
NREL
NREL
State University Euro-CIS
ARCO Boeing
Solarex
Kodak Boeing
12 Boeing United Solar
AMETEK Photon Energy
Matsushita University of
Kodak Boeing United Solar Lausanne
8 Monosolar
Boeing RCA Solarex
Groningen Siemens
University University of Princeton*
4 of Maine RCA Lausanne NREL
RCA RCA Cambridge*
RCA RCA UCSB* University
RCA Kodak* *Not NREL-confirmed University Linz
0 Berkeley* Linz*
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
18. Paths to Ultra-High Conversion Efficiencies
Multijunction solar cells
Multiple absorption path solar cells (impact ionization, multiple exciton
generation )
Multiple energy level solar cells (localized levels or intermediate bands)
Multiple spectrum solar cells (up and down conversion of photons)
Multiple temperature solar cells (utilization of hot carriers)
All these approaches have theoretical efficiency limits > 60%.
The theoretical efficiency limit is > 80% for multijunction cells
utilizing other high efficiency approaches.
31. PV Electricity Costs in Europe
PV electricity is
close to being
competitive in
Spain today
PV electricity is
also close to grid
parity today in
Japan
In the next few
decades PV
should become
cost competitive
in many parts of
the world
32. PV Module Price Experience Curve
At current growth rates, PV module prices should fall below $1/Wp by 2027
34. Solar Energy – the Long-Term Solution?
Source: German Advisory Council on Global Change
35. Projections for the Future of PV
Module efficiencies are likely to exceed 20% in the next decade
The levelized cost of PV electricity may be about 6 ¢/kWh by 2020
Disruptive technologies with theoretical limits of >60% may emerge in the next
few decades
At current growth rates, the cumulative PV production would be ~36 GWp by
2020 and 4 TWp by 2040
3 TWp of solar electricity will reduce carbon emissions by about 1 Gton per year
(7 Gtons of carbon were emitted as CO2 in 2000)
Thus, by about 2035 PV could be producing about 10% of the world’s electricity
and start to play a major role in reducing CO2 emissions