This is a small presentation about how American Antiquity Citation Style should be used. This is style is extensively used by authors, publishers and students in the archeology and history fields.
This is a small presentation about how American Antiquity Citation Style should be used. This is style is extensively used by authors, publishers and students in the archeology and history fields.
Question:
◦ Were
the
experiences
of
male
and
female
slaves
similar
or
different
in
the
nineteenth-‐century
South?
Reading:
1)
Narrative
of
the
Life
of
Frederick
Douglass
2)
Deborah
Gray
White,
Arn’t
I
a
Woman
3)
Any
pertinent
documents
from
textbook
and
document
collection
Requirements:
1) Papers
must
be
at
least
1,000
words
long
2) Footnotes
are
required
3) Bibliography
is
required
4) Please
number
pages
5) Please
include
a
title
page
Turabian Style - Sample Footnotes and
Bibliographic Entries (6th edition)
Turabian documentation format uses Footnotes or Endnotes and a Bibliography.
Footnotes: In the text, the note reference follows the passage to which it refers and is
marked with an arabic numeral typed slightly above the line (superscript). Notes are
arranged numerically at the foot (Footnotes) of the page. Notes include complete
bibliographic information when cited for the first time.
Bibliography: Lists only sources used in writing the paper. Entries are arranged
alphabetically by author's surname and include complete bibliographic information.
See the following examples for more information. Note the difference in form and
punctuation.
Type of
entry Footnote Entry Form Bibliography Form
Book, one
author
Daniel A. Weiss, Oedipus in Not-
tingham: D.H. Lawrence (Seattle:
Univer- sity of Washington Press,
1962), 62.
Weiss, Daniel A. Oedipus in Nottingham: D.H.
Lawrence. Seattle: University of Washington
Press, 1962.
Book, two
authors
Walter E. Houghton and G. Robert
Strange, Victorian Poetry and Poetics
(Cambridge: Harvard University
Press, 1959), 27
Houghton, Walter E., and G. Robert Strange.
Victorian Poetry and Poetics. Cam- bridge:
Harvard University Press, 1959.
Book, 3+
authors / Book
in a series
Jaroslav Pelikan and others, Reli-
gion and the University, York Univer-
sity Invitation Lecture Series
(Toronto: University of Toronto
Press, 1964), 109.
Pelikan, Jaroslav, M.G. Ross, W.G. Pollard,
M.N. Eisendrath, C. Moeller, and A. Wittenberg.
Religion and the Uni- versity. York University
Invitation Lecture Series. Toronto: University of
Toronto Press, 1964.
Book, no author
given
New Life Options: The Working
Women's Resource Book (New York:
McGraw- Hill, 1976), 42.
New Life Options: The Working Women's Re-
source Book. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1976.
Institution,
association, or
the like, as
"author"
American Library Association, ALA
Handbook of Organization and
1995/1996 Membership Directory
(Chicago: American Library
Association, 1995), MD586.
American Library Association. ALA Handbook
of Organization and 1995/1996 Member- ship
Directory. Chicago: American Library
Association, 1995.
Edito.
Turabian Cheat Sheet 2.0Download and save this document to you.docxwillcoxjanay
Turabian Cheat Sheet 2.0
Download and save this document to your hard drive - do it now!
There is certainly a great deal of confusion regarding the appropriate formatting of footnotes and bibliographies. Chicago, Turabian, APA, MLA - which style guide ought you to use? APUS requires what they call Chicago/Turabian style guides. The two style guides are similar but not the same. I have opted to use the Turabian style guide in all my classes at APUS and to assist you with this, I have created what I call the Turabian Cheat Sheet 2.0 - it is called 2.0 since it is actually my second attempt at such an undertaking!
The information provided here is taken from the 7th Edition of Kate L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007), and while I make no claim to being comprehensive (you can buy Turabian at any bookstore), what I have included here seem to me to be the most common sort of formatting issues you will encounter in your writing.
One of the few things I learned in my Historical Methods class in graduate school (I say "few" because that course actually taught me very little) is that when it comes to footnotes and bibliographies - be consistent. The object of a footnote is to direct your reader to the exact location of a passage, idea, or piece of data you have obtained from another source in the most direct manner possible. Turabian suggests that writers cite sources for four reasons: (1) to give credit, (2) to assure readers about the accuracy of your facts, (3) to show readers the research tradition that informs your work - we could almost call this historiography, and (4) to help readers follow or extend your research (133-34). Which brings up the question, when do we use citations? Again, here's what Turabian has to say: when you quote exact words from a source, when you paraphrase ideas associated with a specific source, or when you use any idea, data, or method attributable to any source you may have consulted (134).
The examples used here are what Turabian calls "notes-bibliography style" or simply "bibliography style," which is the most common form in the humanities. You must keep a sharp eye to the elements of each notation/entry as well as spacing, and punctuation. Sample footnotes and bibliography appear at the end.
N = footnote B = bibliography
Book: Single Author
N
1 Morris Dickstein, Dancing in the Dark: A Cultural History of the Great Depression (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2009), 38.
B
Dickstein, Morris. Dancing in the Dark: A Cultural History of the Great Depression. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2009.
Book: Single Editor
N
1 Michael J. Hogan, ed., Paths to Power: The Historiography of American Foreign Relations to 1941 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000), 96-101.
B
Hogan, Michael J., ed. Paths to Power: The Historiography of American Foreign Relations to 1941. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Book: Two Aut ...
APA Style Citation Guide This handout is based on the 6th .docxfestockton
APA Style Citation Guide
This handout is based on the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological
Association (APA), but is not a comprehensive guide. For all rules and requirements of APA citations,
please consult the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.
APA requires that information be cited in 2 different ways—within the text and in a reference list at the
end of the paper. The reference list should be on a new page, double spaced, and use the hanging
indent method (all lines after the first one are indented). See also:
‐ Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed. Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association, 2010.
‐ Concise Rules of APA Style, 6th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2010.
CITATIONS IN THE TEXT:
APA uses the author‐date method of citation. The last name of the author and the date of publication
are inserted in the text in the appropriate place.
When referencing or summarizing a source, provide the author and year. When quoting or summarizing
a particular passage, include the specific page or paragraph number, as well.
When quoting in your paper, if a direct quote is less than 40 words, incorporate it into your text and use
quotation marks. If a direct quote is more than 40 words, make the quotation a free‐standing indented
block of text and DO NOT use quotation marks.
One work by one author:
• In one developmental study (Smith, 1990), children learned...
OR
• In the study by Smith (1990), primary school children...
OR
• In 1990, Smith’s study of primary school children…
Works by multiple authors:
When a work has 2 authors cite both names every time you reference the work in the text. When a work
has three to five authors cite all the author names the first time the reference occurs and then
subsequently include only the first author followed by et al. For 6 or more authors, cite only the name of
the first author followed by et al. and the year. For example:
• First citation: Masserton, Slonowski, and Slowinski (1989) state that...
• Subsequent citations: Masserton et al. (1989) state that...
Works by no identified author:
When a resource has no named author, cite the first few words of the reference entry (usually the title).
Use double quotation marks around the title of an article, chapter, or Web page. Italicize the title of a
periodical, book, brochure, or report. For example:
• The site seemed to indicate support for homeopathic drugs (“Medical Miracles,” 2009).
• The brochure argues for homeschooling (Education Reform, 2007).
• Treat reference to legal materials such as court cases, statutes, and legislation like works
with no author.
Two or more works in the same parenthetical citation:
Citations of two or more works in the same parentheses should be listed in the order they appear in the
reference list ( ...
Instructions for HIST 1305 EssayUsing 4 of the primary texts suppl.docxJeniceStuckeyoo
Instructions for HIST 1305 Essay
Using 4 of the primary texts supplied IN THE FOLDERS ABOVE, write a 750-word essay that demonstrates how proponents and the opponents of slavery used
two
of the four analytical concepts that framed this course (Mobility, Democracy, Capitalism, and Difference). You should explain how these writers used American history to defend their positions. Your paper should conclude by explaining why some contemporaries of slavery may have found certain arguments compelling, while others found them offensive (to conclude effectively, you will need to explain the historical context in which these texts were written, based on what you have read in the Keene text and learned in class discussion). NB: you are not expected to incorporate all sources listed, just those relevant to your approach to paper prompt. Your paper must be submitted as a MS Word document, which can be attached and uploaded by clicking the red text, above.
Please note that the
proslavery
texts reflect the racism found in many quarters of nineteenth-century America. As historians, it is only right that we reject these views as we analyze how these writers constructed their defense of slavery. Other researchers have noted that the
proslavery
appeal to racism was intended to undermine the Abolitionist efforts to put forth "all men are created equal" as the core American value (see the antislavery texts). Please beware that the level of racism seen in these documents can be shocking and disturbing to modern readers.
No secondary sources, other than the Keene text, should be integrated into this paper's analysis.
Your paper should briefly introduce your paper's topic or question and provide a thesis statement. In a paper of this size, your introduction and thesis statement should appear on the first page, in the paper's first paragraph.
Your paper should show that you reasoned through the evidence in a fair-minded way. In other words, you should state (paraphrase) what your evidence says and not what you wish it said or think it should say. You need to state the evidence fairly, even if you think it wrong or offensive.
Your paper should use evidence to answer the historical question. You need to explain how the evidence answers the question. The easiest way to figure this is to think through your evidence and argument using one or more of the key concepts for this course.
Your paper should briefly explain an implication or limitation of your analysis. For an implication, you might consider how your analysis sheds light on one of the course's key terms. For a limitation, you might note which key concepts your analysis does not (or cannot) address.
Your paper should develop and organize your thoughts clearly and logically. Outlining is a necessary, but not required, step in writing a well-organized paper.
Your paper should draw a conclusion that addresses the paper's chief topic or question and that states your answer to the question or your contr.
HelpWithAssignment.com is an online tutoring company. Our network spans 3 continents and several countries. We offer three kinds of services: Assignment Help, Thesis Help and Online Tuitions for students in their college or university
Select and read the articles about two famous thinkers in the Week F.docxroberta139863
Select and read the articles about two famous thinkers in the Week Four Electronic Reserve Readings. Find additional articles in the University Library or on the Internet.
Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper. Include the following:
•Information about the thinkers’ contributions to society
•Each thinkers’ personal/ social/ political environments and how you think these factors contributed to their creativity
•The problems or issues that their ideas sought to solve
•A description of the solutions, and how their ideas were implemented
•The creative process of each thinker and a comparison of the two creative processes
•A critique of their ideas and what could they have done differently
Include at least four references.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
Week 4
Famous Thinkers
Readings:
"Gates, Bill (born William Henry Gates)" (2004). The New Zealand Oxford Dictionary.
"Gates, Bill" (2008). World Encyclopedia.
"Kripke, Saul Aaron" (2008). The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy.
"Kripke, Saul" (2005). The Oxford Companion to Philosophy.
"Parfit, Derek" (2008). The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy.
"Rorty, Richard McKay" (2008). The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy.
Kripke semantics. (2008). The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy.
Prof. Nicholas Dent "Parfit, Derek" (2005). The Oxford Companion to Philosophy.
Prof. Owen Flanagan "Dennett, Daniel C." (2005). The Oxford Companion to Philosophy.
Software's great survivor. (2003, November 22). Economist, 369(8351), 64.
Taking apart the 'roads ahead': User power versus the futurology of IT. (1998). Retrieved on October 1st, 2009 from http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/3226/1/Taking_apart_the_roads_ahead.pdf.
Ansbro, J. J. Dr. (1989, January 15). The courage of Dr. King: Challenging the legacies of other black leaders. New York Times , A.30.
Aronson, R. (2005, June-December). Camus versus Sartre: The unresolved conflict. Sartre Studies International, 11(1/2), 302.
Attfield, Robin (2006). The shape of a global ethic. Philosophy Social Criticism , 32, 5.
Baert, P. (2002, February). Richard Rorty's pragmatism and the social sciences. History of the Human Sciences, 15, 139.
Camus, A. (1988). After Hiroshima: Between hell and reason. Philosophy Today, 32(1), 77.
Camus, A., & Van den Hoven, A. (2001, December). Democracy is an exercise in modesty. Sartre Studies International, 7(2), 12.
Cohen, A., & Wilber, K. (2009, June-August). Freedom in the face of fear. EnlightenNext, (44), 44.
Cohen, A., & Wilber, K. (2008/2009, December-February). The interdynamics of culture + consciousness. What is Enlightenment?, (42), 41.
Cowie, F. (1998, June). Mad dog nativism. The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 49(2), 227.
Cumming, R. (2009). Contrasts and fragments: An exploration of James Cone's theological methodology. Anglican Theological Review, 91(3), 395.
Dennett, D. (2009, April 1). Daniel C. Dennett. Freethought Today, 26(3), 10.
Engelhardt, E. S. D. (2001). West, Cornel The Concise Oxford Co.
Question:
◦ Were
the
experiences
of
male
and
female
slaves
similar
or
different
in
the
nineteenth-‐century
South?
Reading:
1)
Narrative
of
the
Life
of
Frederick
Douglass
2)
Deborah
Gray
White,
Arn’t
I
a
Woman
3)
Any
pertinent
documents
from
textbook
and
document
collection
Requirements:
1) Papers
must
be
at
least
1,000
words
long
2) Footnotes
are
required
3) Bibliography
is
required
4) Please
number
pages
5) Please
include
a
title
page
Turabian Style - Sample Footnotes and
Bibliographic Entries (6th edition)
Turabian documentation format uses Footnotes or Endnotes and a Bibliography.
Footnotes: In the text, the note reference follows the passage to which it refers and is
marked with an arabic numeral typed slightly above the line (superscript). Notes are
arranged numerically at the foot (Footnotes) of the page. Notes include complete
bibliographic information when cited for the first time.
Bibliography: Lists only sources used in writing the paper. Entries are arranged
alphabetically by author's surname and include complete bibliographic information.
See the following examples for more information. Note the difference in form and
punctuation.
Type of
entry Footnote Entry Form Bibliography Form
Book, one
author
Daniel A. Weiss, Oedipus in Not-
tingham: D.H. Lawrence (Seattle:
Univer- sity of Washington Press,
1962), 62.
Weiss, Daniel A. Oedipus in Nottingham: D.H.
Lawrence. Seattle: University of Washington
Press, 1962.
Book, two
authors
Walter E. Houghton and G. Robert
Strange, Victorian Poetry and Poetics
(Cambridge: Harvard University
Press, 1959), 27
Houghton, Walter E., and G. Robert Strange.
Victorian Poetry and Poetics. Cam- bridge:
Harvard University Press, 1959.
Book, 3+
authors / Book
in a series
Jaroslav Pelikan and others, Reli-
gion and the University, York Univer-
sity Invitation Lecture Series
(Toronto: University of Toronto
Press, 1964), 109.
Pelikan, Jaroslav, M.G. Ross, W.G. Pollard,
M.N. Eisendrath, C. Moeller, and A. Wittenberg.
Religion and the Uni- versity. York University
Invitation Lecture Series. Toronto: University of
Toronto Press, 1964.
Book, no author
given
New Life Options: The Working
Women's Resource Book (New York:
McGraw- Hill, 1976), 42.
New Life Options: The Working Women's Re-
source Book. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1976.
Institution,
association, or
the like, as
"author"
American Library Association, ALA
Handbook of Organization and
1995/1996 Membership Directory
(Chicago: American Library
Association, 1995), MD586.
American Library Association. ALA Handbook
of Organization and 1995/1996 Member- ship
Directory. Chicago: American Library
Association, 1995.
Edito.
Turabian Cheat Sheet 2.0Download and save this document to you.docxwillcoxjanay
Turabian Cheat Sheet 2.0
Download and save this document to your hard drive - do it now!
There is certainly a great deal of confusion regarding the appropriate formatting of footnotes and bibliographies. Chicago, Turabian, APA, MLA - which style guide ought you to use? APUS requires what they call Chicago/Turabian style guides. The two style guides are similar but not the same. I have opted to use the Turabian style guide in all my classes at APUS and to assist you with this, I have created what I call the Turabian Cheat Sheet 2.0 - it is called 2.0 since it is actually my second attempt at such an undertaking!
The information provided here is taken from the 7th Edition of Kate L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007), and while I make no claim to being comprehensive (you can buy Turabian at any bookstore), what I have included here seem to me to be the most common sort of formatting issues you will encounter in your writing.
One of the few things I learned in my Historical Methods class in graduate school (I say "few" because that course actually taught me very little) is that when it comes to footnotes and bibliographies - be consistent. The object of a footnote is to direct your reader to the exact location of a passage, idea, or piece of data you have obtained from another source in the most direct manner possible. Turabian suggests that writers cite sources for four reasons: (1) to give credit, (2) to assure readers about the accuracy of your facts, (3) to show readers the research tradition that informs your work - we could almost call this historiography, and (4) to help readers follow or extend your research (133-34). Which brings up the question, when do we use citations? Again, here's what Turabian has to say: when you quote exact words from a source, when you paraphrase ideas associated with a specific source, or when you use any idea, data, or method attributable to any source you may have consulted (134).
The examples used here are what Turabian calls "notes-bibliography style" or simply "bibliography style," which is the most common form in the humanities. You must keep a sharp eye to the elements of each notation/entry as well as spacing, and punctuation. Sample footnotes and bibliography appear at the end.
N = footnote B = bibliography
Book: Single Author
N
1 Morris Dickstein, Dancing in the Dark: A Cultural History of the Great Depression (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2009), 38.
B
Dickstein, Morris. Dancing in the Dark: A Cultural History of the Great Depression. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2009.
Book: Single Editor
N
1 Michael J. Hogan, ed., Paths to Power: The Historiography of American Foreign Relations to 1941 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000), 96-101.
B
Hogan, Michael J., ed. Paths to Power: The Historiography of American Foreign Relations to 1941. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Book: Two Aut ...
APA Style Citation Guide This handout is based on the 6th .docxfestockton
APA Style Citation Guide
This handout is based on the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological
Association (APA), but is not a comprehensive guide. For all rules and requirements of APA citations,
please consult the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.
APA requires that information be cited in 2 different ways—within the text and in a reference list at the
end of the paper. The reference list should be on a new page, double spaced, and use the hanging
indent method (all lines after the first one are indented). See also:
‐ Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed. Washington, DC:
American Psychological Association, 2010.
‐ Concise Rules of APA Style, 6th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2010.
CITATIONS IN THE TEXT:
APA uses the author‐date method of citation. The last name of the author and the date of publication
are inserted in the text in the appropriate place.
When referencing or summarizing a source, provide the author and year. When quoting or summarizing
a particular passage, include the specific page or paragraph number, as well.
When quoting in your paper, if a direct quote is less than 40 words, incorporate it into your text and use
quotation marks. If a direct quote is more than 40 words, make the quotation a free‐standing indented
block of text and DO NOT use quotation marks.
One work by one author:
• In one developmental study (Smith, 1990), children learned...
OR
• In the study by Smith (1990), primary school children...
OR
• In 1990, Smith’s study of primary school children…
Works by multiple authors:
When a work has 2 authors cite both names every time you reference the work in the text. When a work
has three to five authors cite all the author names the first time the reference occurs and then
subsequently include only the first author followed by et al. For 6 or more authors, cite only the name of
the first author followed by et al. and the year. For example:
• First citation: Masserton, Slonowski, and Slowinski (1989) state that...
• Subsequent citations: Masserton et al. (1989) state that...
Works by no identified author:
When a resource has no named author, cite the first few words of the reference entry (usually the title).
Use double quotation marks around the title of an article, chapter, or Web page. Italicize the title of a
periodical, book, brochure, or report. For example:
• The site seemed to indicate support for homeopathic drugs (“Medical Miracles,” 2009).
• The brochure argues for homeschooling (Education Reform, 2007).
• Treat reference to legal materials such as court cases, statutes, and legislation like works
with no author.
Two or more works in the same parenthetical citation:
Citations of two or more works in the same parentheses should be listed in the order they appear in the
reference list ( ...
Instructions for HIST 1305 EssayUsing 4 of the primary texts suppl.docxJeniceStuckeyoo
Instructions for HIST 1305 Essay
Using 4 of the primary texts supplied IN THE FOLDERS ABOVE, write a 750-word essay that demonstrates how proponents and the opponents of slavery used
two
of the four analytical concepts that framed this course (Mobility, Democracy, Capitalism, and Difference). You should explain how these writers used American history to defend their positions. Your paper should conclude by explaining why some contemporaries of slavery may have found certain arguments compelling, while others found them offensive (to conclude effectively, you will need to explain the historical context in which these texts were written, based on what you have read in the Keene text and learned in class discussion). NB: you are not expected to incorporate all sources listed, just those relevant to your approach to paper prompt. Your paper must be submitted as a MS Word document, which can be attached and uploaded by clicking the red text, above.
Please note that the
proslavery
texts reflect the racism found in many quarters of nineteenth-century America. As historians, it is only right that we reject these views as we analyze how these writers constructed their defense of slavery. Other researchers have noted that the
proslavery
appeal to racism was intended to undermine the Abolitionist efforts to put forth "all men are created equal" as the core American value (see the antislavery texts). Please beware that the level of racism seen in these documents can be shocking and disturbing to modern readers.
No secondary sources, other than the Keene text, should be integrated into this paper's analysis.
Your paper should briefly introduce your paper's topic or question and provide a thesis statement. In a paper of this size, your introduction and thesis statement should appear on the first page, in the paper's first paragraph.
Your paper should show that you reasoned through the evidence in a fair-minded way. In other words, you should state (paraphrase) what your evidence says and not what you wish it said or think it should say. You need to state the evidence fairly, even if you think it wrong or offensive.
Your paper should use evidence to answer the historical question. You need to explain how the evidence answers the question. The easiest way to figure this is to think through your evidence and argument using one or more of the key concepts for this course.
Your paper should briefly explain an implication or limitation of your analysis. For an implication, you might consider how your analysis sheds light on one of the course's key terms. For a limitation, you might note which key concepts your analysis does not (or cannot) address.
Your paper should develop and organize your thoughts clearly and logically. Outlining is a necessary, but not required, step in writing a well-organized paper.
Your paper should draw a conclusion that addresses the paper's chief topic or question and that states your answer to the question or your contr.
HelpWithAssignment.com is an online tutoring company. Our network spans 3 continents and several countries. We offer three kinds of services: Assignment Help, Thesis Help and Online Tuitions for students in their college or university
Select and read the articles about two famous thinkers in the Week F.docxroberta139863
Select and read the articles about two famous thinkers in the Week Four Electronic Reserve Readings. Find additional articles in the University Library or on the Internet.
Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper. Include the following:
•Information about the thinkers’ contributions to society
•Each thinkers’ personal/ social/ political environments and how you think these factors contributed to their creativity
•The problems or issues that their ideas sought to solve
•A description of the solutions, and how their ideas were implemented
•The creative process of each thinker and a comparison of the two creative processes
•A critique of their ideas and what could they have done differently
Include at least four references.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
Week 4
Famous Thinkers
Readings:
"Gates, Bill (born William Henry Gates)" (2004). The New Zealand Oxford Dictionary.
"Gates, Bill" (2008). World Encyclopedia.
"Kripke, Saul Aaron" (2008). The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy.
"Kripke, Saul" (2005). The Oxford Companion to Philosophy.
"Parfit, Derek" (2008). The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy.
"Rorty, Richard McKay" (2008). The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy.
Kripke semantics. (2008). The Oxford Dictionary of Philosophy.
Prof. Nicholas Dent "Parfit, Derek" (2005). The Oxford Companion to Philosophy.
Prof. Owen Flanagan "Dennett, Daniel C." (2005). The Oxford Companion to Philosophy.
Software's great survivor. (2003, November 22). Economist, 369(8351), 64.
Taking apart the 'roads ahead': User power versus the futurology of IT. (1998). Retrieved on October 1st, 2009 from http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/3226/1/Taking_apart_the_roads_ahead.pdf.
Ansbro, J. J. Dr. (1989, January 15). The courage of Dr. King: Challenging the legacies of other black leaders. New York Times , A.30.
Aronson, R. (2005, June-December). Camus versus Sartre: The unresolved conflict. Sartre Studies International, 11(1/2), 302.
Attfield, Robin (2006). The shape of a global ethic. Philosophy Social Criticism , 32, 5.
Baert, P. (2002, February). Richard Rorty's pragmatism and the social sciences. History of the Human Sciences, 15, 139.
Camus, A. (1988). After Hiroshima: Between hell and reason. Philosophy Today, 32(1), 77.
Camus, A., & Van den Hoven, A. (2001, December). Democracy is an exercise in modesty. Sartre Studies International, 7(2), 12.
Cohen, A., & Wilber, K. (2009, June-August). Freedom in the face of fear. EnlightenNext, (44), 44.
Cohen, A., & Wilber, K. (2008/2009, December-February). The interdynamics of culture + consciousness. What is Enlightenment?, (42), 41.
Cowie, F. (1998, June). Mad dog nativism. The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 49(2), 227.
Cumming, R. (2009). Contrasts and fragments: An exploration of James Cone's theological methodology. Anglican Theological Review, 91(3), 395.
Dennett, D. (2009, April 1). Daniel C. Dennett. Freethought Today, 26(3), 10.
Engelhardt, E. S. D. (2001). West, Cornel The Concise Oxford Co.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
1. Turabian Quick Guide
Kate L. Turabian’s Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and
Dissertationspresents two basic documentation systems, notes-bibliography
style (or simply bibliography style) and parenthetical citations–reference list
style (or reference list style). These styles are essentially the same as those
presented in The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition, with slight
modifications for the needs of student writers.
Bibliography style is used widely in literature, history, and the arts. This style
presents bibliographic information in footnotes or endnotes and, usually, a
bibliography.
The more concise reference list style has long been used in the physical,
natural, and social sciences. In this system, sources are briefly cited in
parentheses in the text by author’s last name and date of publication. The
parenthetical citations are amplified in a list of references, where full
bibliographic information is provided.
Below are some common examples of materials cited in both styles. Each
example is given first in bibliography style (a note [N], followed by
a bibliographic entry [B]) and then in reference list style (a
parenthetical citation [P], followed by a reference list entry
[R]). For a more detailed description of the styles and numerous specific
examples, see chapters 16 and 17 of Turabian’s Manual for bibliography style
and chapters 18 and 19 for reference list style. If you are uncertain which style
to use in a paper, consult your instructor.
Online sources that are analogous to print sources (such as articles published
in online journals, magazines, or newspapers) should be cited similarly to
their print counterparts but with the addition of a URL and an access date. For
online or other electronic sources that do not have a direct print counterpart
(such as an institutional Web site or a Weblog), give as much information as
you can in addition to the URL and access date. The following examples
include some of the most common types of electronic sources.
2. Book
One author
N: Wendy Doniger, Splitting the Difference (Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1999), 65.
B: Doniger, Wendy. Splitting the Difference. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1999.
P: (Doniger 1999, 65)
R:Doniger, Wendy. 1999. Splitting the difference. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press.
Two authors
N: Guy Cowlishaw and Robin Dunbar, Primate Conservation Biology (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 2000), 104–7.
B: Cowlishaw, Guy, and Robin Dunbar. Primate Conservation Biology. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 2000.
P: (Cowlishaw and Dunbar 2000, 104–7)
R: Cowlishaw, Guy, and Robin Dunbar. 2000. Primate conservation
biology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Four or more authors
N: Edward O. Laumann et al., The Social Organization of Sexuality: Sexual
Practices in the United States (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), 262.
B: Laumann, Edward O., John H. Gagnon, Robert T. Michael, and Stuart
Michaels. The Social Organization of Sexuality: Sexual Practices in the United
States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
P: (Laumann et al. 1994, 262)
R: Laumann, Edward O., John H. Gagnon, Robert T. Michael, and Stuart Michaels.
1994.The social organization of sexuality: Sexual practices in the United
States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
3. Editor, translator, or compiler instead of author
N: Richmond Lattimore, trans., The Iliad of Homer (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1951), 91–92.
B: Lattimore, Richmond, trans. The Iliad of Homer. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press, 1951.
P: (Lattimore 1951, 91–92)
R: Lattimore, Richmond, trans. 1951. The Iliad of Homer. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.
Editor, translator, or compiler in addition to author
N: Yves Bonnefoy, New and Selected Poems, ed. John Naughton and Anthony
Rudolf (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995), 22.
B: Bonnefoy, Yves. New and Selected Poems. Edited by John Naughton and
Anthony Rudolf. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.
P: (Bonnefoy 1995, 22)
R: Bonnefoy, Yves. 1995. New and selected poems. Ed. John Naughton and
Anthony Rudolf. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Chapter or other part of a book
N: Andrew Wiese, “„The House I Live In‟: Race, Class, and African American
Suburban Dreams in the Postwar United States,” in The New Suburban History, ed.
Kevin M. Kruse and Thomas J. Sugrue (Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
2006), 101–2.
B: Wiese, Andrew. “„The House I Live In‟: Race, Class, and African American
Suburban Dreams in the Postwar United States.” In The New Suburban
History, edited by Kevin M. Kruse and Thomas J. Sugrue, 99–119. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 2006.
P: (Wiese 2006, 101–2)
R: Wiese, Andrew. 2006. “The house I live in”: Race, class, and African American
suburban dreams in the postwar United States. In The new suburban history, ed.
Kevin M. Kruse and Thomas J. Sugrue, 99–119. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press.
4. Chapter of an edited volume originally published elsewhere (as
in primary sources)
N: Quintus Tullius Cicero. “Handbook on Canvassing for the Consulship,”
in Rome: Late Republic and Principate, ed. Walter Emil Kaegi Jr. and Peter White,
vol. 2 ofUniversity of Chicago Readings in Western Civilization, ed. John Boyer
and Julius Kirshner (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986), 35.
B: Cicero, Quintus Tullius. “Handbook on Canvassing for the Consulship.”
In Rome: Late Republic and Principate, edited by Walter Emil Kaegi Jr. and Peter
White. Vol. 2 ofUniversity of Chicago Readings in Western Civilization, edited by
John Boyer and Julius Kirshner, 33–46. Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
1986. Originally published in Evelyn S. Shuckburgh, trans., The Letters of
Cicero, vol. 1 (London: George Bell & Sons, 1908).
P: (Cicero 1986, 35)
R: Cicero, Quintus Tullius. 1986. Handbook on canvassing for the consulship.
In Rome: Late republic and principate, edited by Walter Emil Kaegi Jr. and Peter
White. Vol. 2 of University of Chicago readings in western civilization, ed. John
Boyer and Julius Kirshner, 33–46. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Originally published in Evelyn S. Shuckburgh, trans., The letters of Cicero, vol. 1
(London: George Bell & Sons, 1908).
Preface, foreword, introduction, or similar part of a book
N: James Rieger, introduction to Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, by
Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982), xx–xxi.
B: Rieger, James. Introduction to Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, by
Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, xi–xxxvii. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
P: Rieger 1982, xx–xxi)
R: Rieger, James. 1982. Introduction to Frankenstein; or, The modern
Prometheus, by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, xi–xxxvii. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.
5. Book published electronically
N: Philip B. Kurland and Ralph Lerner, eds., The Founders’ Constitution (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1987), http://press-
pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/(accessed June 27, 2006).
B: Kurland, Philip B., and Ralph Lerner, eds. The Founders’ Constitution. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1987. http://press-
pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/(accessed June 27, 2006).
P: (Kurland and Lerner 1987)
R: Kurland, Philip B., and Ralph Lerner, eds. 1987. The founders’
Constitution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. http://press-
pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/ (accessed June 27, 2006).
Journal article
Article in a print journal
N: John Maynard Smith, “The Origin of Altruism,” Nature 393 (1998): 639.
B: Smith, John Maynard. “The Origin of Altruism.” Nature 393 (1998): 639–40.
P: (Smith 1998, 639)
R: Smith, John Maynard. 1998. The origin of altruism. Nature 393: 639–40.
Article in an online journal
N: Mark A. Hlatky et al., "Quality-of-Life and Depressive Symptoms in
Postmenopausal Women after Receiving Hormone Therapy: Results from the
Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Trial," Journal of the
American Medical Association 287, no. 5 (2002),http://jama.ama-
assn.org/issues/v287n5/rfull/joc10108.html#aainfo (accessed January 7, 2004).
B: Hlatky, Mark A., Derek Boothroyd, Eric Vittinghoff, Penny Sharp, and Mary A.
Whooley. "Quality-of-Life and Depressive Symptoms in Postmenopausal Women
after Receiving Hormone Therapy: Results from the Heart and Estrogen/Progestin
Replacement Study (HERS) Trial." Journal of the American Medical
Association 287, no. 5 (February 6, 2002),http://jama.ama-
assn.org/issues/v287n5/rfull/joc10108.html#aainfo (accessed January 7, 2004).
P: (Hlatky et al. 2002)
R: Hlatky, Mark A., Derek Boothroyd, Eric Vittinghoff, Penny Sharp, and Mary A.
Whooley. 2002. Quality-of-life and depressive symptoms in postmenopausal
women after receiving hormone therapy: Results from the Heart and
Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study (HERS) trial. Journal of the American
Medical Association 287, no. 5 (February 6), http://jama.ama-
assn.org/issues/v287n5/rfull/joc10108.html#aainfo(accessed January 7, 2004).
6. Popular magazine article
N: Steve Martin, “Sports-Interview Shocker,” New Yorker, May 6,
2002, 84.
B: Martin, Steve. “Sports-Interview Shocker.” New Yorker, May 6,
2002.
P: (Martin 2002, 84)
R: Martin, Steve. 2002. Sports-interview shocker. New Yorker, May 6.
Newspaper article
Newspaper articles may be cited in running text (“As William
Niederkorn noted in a New York Times article on June 20,
2002, . . . ”) instead of in a note or a parenthetical citation, and they
are commonly omitted from a bibliography or reference list as well.
The following examples show the more formal versions of the
citations.
N: William S. Niederkorn, “A Scholar Recants on His „Shakespeare‟
Discovery,” New York Times, June 20, 2002, Arts section, Midwest
edition.
B: Niederkorn, William S. “A Scholar Recants on His „Shakespeare‟
Discovery.” New York Times, June 20, 2002, Arts section, Midwest
edition.
P: (Niederkorn 2002)
R: Niederkorn, William S. 2002. A scholar recants on his
“Shakespeare” discovery. New York Times, June 20, Arts section,
Midwest edition.
7. Book review
N: James Gorman, “Endangered Species,” review of The Last American Man, by
Elizabeth Gilbert, New York Times Book Review, June 2, 2002, 16.
B: Gorman, James. “Endangered Species.” Review of The Last American
Man, by Elizabeth Gilbert. New York Times Book Review, June 2, 2002.
P: Gorman 2002, 16)
R: Gorman, James. 2002. Endangered species. Review of The last American
man, by Elizabeth Gilbert. New York Times Book Review, June 2.
Thesis or dissertation
N: . M. Amundin, “Click Repetition Rate Patterns in Communicative Sounds from
the Harbour Porpoise, Phocoena phocoena” (PhD diss., Stockholm University,
1991), 22–29, 35.
B: Amundin, M. “Click Repetition Rate Patterns in Communicative Sounds from
the Harbour Porpoise, Phocoena phocoena.” PhD diss., Stockholm University,
1991.
P: (Amundin 1991, 22–29, 35)
R: Amundin, M. 1991. Click repetition rate patterns in communicative sounds
from the harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena. PhD diss., Stockholm University.
Paper presented at a meeting or conference
N: Brian Doyle, “Howling Like Dogs: Metaphorical Language in Psalm 59” (paper
presented at the annual international meeting for the Society of Biblical Literature,
Berlin, Germany, June 19–22, 2002).
B: Doyle, Brian. “Howling Like Dogs: Metaphorical Language in Psalm 59.”
Paper presented at the annual international meeting for the Society of Biblical
Literature, Berlin, Germany, June 19–22, 2002.
P: (Doyle 2002)
R: Doyle, Brian. 2002. Howling like dogs: Metaphorical language in Psalm 59.
Paper presented at the annual international meeting for the Society of Biblical
Literature, June 19–22, in Berlin, Germany.
8. Web site
Web sites may be cited in running text (“On its Web site, the Evanston Public
Library Board of Trustees states . . .”) instead of in a parenthetical citation,
and they are commonly omitted from a bibliography or reference list as well.
The following examples show the more formal versions of the citations.
N: Evanston Public Library Board of Trustees, “Evanston Public Library
Strategic Plan, 2000–2010: A Decade of Outreach,” Evanston Public
Library,http://www.epl.org/library/strategic-plan-00.html (accessed June 1, 2005).
B: Evanston Public Library Board of Trustees. “Evanston Public Library
Strategic Plan, 2000–2010: A Decade of Outreach.” Evanston Public
Library.http://www.epl.org/library/strategic-plan-00.html (accessed June 1, 2005).
P: (Evanston Public Library Board of Trustees)
R: Evanston Public Library Board of Trustees. Evanston Public Library strategic
plan, 2000–2010: A decade of outreach. Evanston Public
Library.http://www.epl.org/library/strategic-plan-00.html (accessed June 1, 2005).
Weblog entry or comment
Weblog entries or comments may be cited in running text (“In a comment
posted to the Becker-Posner Blog on March 6, 2006, Peter Pearson noted . . .”)
instead of in a note or a parenthetical citation, and they are commonly omitted
from a bibliography or reference list as well. The following examples show the
more formal versions of the citations.
N: Peter Pearson, comment on “The New American Dilemma: Illegal Immigration,”
The Becker-Posner Blog, comment posted March 6, 2006,http://www.becker-
posner-blog.com/archives/2006/03/the_new_america.html#c080052(accessed
March 28, 2006).
B: Becker-Posner Blog, The. http://www.becker-posner-blog.com/ (accessed
March 28, 2006).
P: (Peter Pearson, The Becker-Posner Blog, comment posted March 6, 2006)
R: Becker-Posner blog, The. http://www.becker-posner-blog.com/ (accessed
March 28, 2006).
9. E-mail message
E-mail messages may be cited in running text (“In an e-mail message to the
author on October 31, 2005, John Doe revealed . . .”) instead of in a note or a
parenthetical citation, and they are rarely listed in a bibliography or reference
list. The following example shows the more formal version of a note.
N: John Doe, e-mail message to author, October 31, 2005.
Item in online database
Journal articles published in online databases should be cited as shown above,
under “Article in an online journal.”
N: Pliny the Elder, The Natural History, ed. John Bostock and H. T. Riley, in the
Perseus Digital Library,http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-
bin/ptext?lookup=Plin.+Nat.+1.dedication (accessed November 17, 2005).
B: Perseus Digital Library. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/ (accessed November 17,
2005).
P: (Pliny the Elder, Perseus Digital Library)
R: Perseus Digital Library. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/ (accessed November 17,
2005).