The document outlines a lab experiment focused on measuring the rate of heat conduction through various methods, including Fourier’s law of linear conduction and radial heat transfer in a cylindrical specimen. It describes the theory of heat transfer and provides specific observations related to conducting heat in a brass bar and cylinder, detailing measurements like diameter, length, and distance between temperature probes. The aim is to investigate factors affecting temperature profiles due to changes in cross-sectional area and material properties.

1. Lab-1:To measure rate of heat conduction
Objectives:
• To investigate Fourier’s law of linear conduction
• To investigate the temperature profile and heat transfer in radial
direction of a cylinder
• To investigate the effect of change in cross-sectional area on the
temperature profile

2. Theory
Heat transfer is defined as the transmission of energy from one region to
another as a result of temperature gradient takes places by the following
three modes:
• 1. Conduction
• 2. Convection
• 3. Radiation
Conduction is the transfer of heat from one part of a substance to another
part of the same substance or from one substance to another in physical
contact with it, without appreciable displacement of molecules forming the
substance.
Fourier‘s law of heat conduction states that the rate of flow of heat through
a simple homogeneous solid is directly proportional to the area of the
section at right angles to the direction of heat flow, to the change of
temperature with respect to the length of the path of the heat flow.

3. Mathematically
It can be represented by the equation:
Q α A.dt/dx
Where,
• Q = heat flow through a body per unit time, W
• A = surface area of the heat flow (perpendicular to the direction of
the flow), m2
• dt = temperature difference of the faces of the block of thickness dx
through which heat flow, oC or K
• dx = thickness of the body in the direction of flow, m

4. Conduction of heat along a simple bar
Observation:
• Specimen material: Brass
• Thermal conductivity of the specimen from tables:
• Diameter of specimen: 25 mm
• Length of specimen: 30 mm
• Distance between temperature probes: 10 mm

5. Conduction of heat along a simple bar

6. Conduction of heat in radial direction:
Observation sheet
Specimen material: Brass
Thermal conductivity of the specimen from tables:
Outer diameter of specimen: 110 mm
Inner diameter of specimen: 8 mm
Length of specimen: 3 mm
Distance between temperature probes: 10 mm

7. Conduction of heat in radial direction: