This document discusses the use of "there is/are" in sentences. It explains that "there is" is used with singular nouns while "there are" is used with plural nouns. Countable nouns can be singular or plural but uncountable nouns are only singular. Examples are provided to demonstrate the use of "there is/are" in affirmative sentences, negative sentences, and questions using countable and uncountable nouns.

1. There is / There are
Unit 4

2. THERE IS = “HAY…”
There is + noun in SINGULAR
Ex. There is a pen.
There isn’t a pen.
Is there a pen?
Yes, there is /No, there isn’t.

3. THERE ARE = “HAY…”
There are + noun in PLURAL
Ex. There are apples in the
frigde.
There aren’t apples in the
fridge.
Are there apples in the fridge?
Yes, there are / No, there
aren’t.

4. COUNTABLE / UNCONTABLE NOUNS
COUNTABLE NOUNS: things that you can count.
These nouns can be SINGULAR or PLURAL.
Ex. an /one apple, two apples, one pen, two pens.
With these nouns we can use There is / There
are.
UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS: things that you can’t
count.
These nouns can be only SINGULAR.
Ex. butter, milk, rice, sugar, bread, etc.
With these nouns we can use only There is.

5. With there is / there are we often use
- A / An (un, una) + Countable noun in
SINGULAR
- Some Afirmative sentences
- Any Negative sentences and
questions
+ Countable nouns in PLURAL and
Uncountable nouns.
(algún, alguna, algunos, algunas)

6. Examples:
AFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
There is a pen in my bag.
There is an apple in the fridge.
There are some books on the desk.
There is some sugar in the cupboard.
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
There isn’t a pen in my bag.
There isn’t an apple in the fridge.
There aren’t any books on the desk.
There isn’t any sugar in the cupboard.

7. EXAMPLES:
QUESTIONS
Is there a pen in my bag?
Is there an apple in the fridge?
Are there any books on the desk?
Is there any sugar in the cupboard?