Theory and calculation of cover factor
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Count, construction and width of common cotton
The document provides information on count, construction, and available widths of common cotton fabrics including drills, oxfords, poplins, twills, voiles, satins, cambrics, and plain fabrics. It also lists the founders' goal of creating an online marketplace for buyers and sellers of textiles to conveniently conduct business. Contact and location information is provided for Textile Basket, the company organizing the textile market.
Bdft ii, tmt, unit-i, thread count
Thread count refers to the number of threads in a square inch of fabric, including both warp and weft threads. It is used to measure fabric quality, with higher thread counts generally indicating finer fabrics. While thread counts of 150-200 are considered standard for cotton sheets, some extremely high counts over 500 can be misleading as they may count individual threads in plied yarns rather than the yarns themselves. Industry standards define thread count as counting each yarn as one, regardless of whether it is plied from multiple thinner threads.
Derivatives of Twill Weave
Twill weave is a kind of weave that repeat on three or more ends and picks and produces diagonal line on the face of fabric.
In a regular twill the diagonal line or twill line produces at 45 degree angle with the horizontal.
Concept:
The most characteristic of twill is that they have diagonal lines on the cloth.
Different types of twill
Rearranging a weave means taking single thread or groups of threads from the base weave and rearranging them in a different order
Weave
Weaving involves interlacing two sets of threads at right angles to form a fabric. The longitudinal threads are called the warp and the horizontal threads are called the weft. Cloth is woven on a loom, which holds the warp in place while the weft is woven through. There are several basic weaves like plain weave, twill, and satin weave that are modifications of more ancient weaves. Weaving techniques have evolved over time, from simple looms like backstrap looms to more advanced looms like drawlooms and jacquard looms that allow for complex pattern weaving.
Yarn
This document provides information about different types of yarn. It discusses that yarn is made up of twisted fibers or filaments that can be used for weaving or knitting. It then describes different types of yarns based on their material (staple vs filament), construction method (single, plied, cabled etc.), processing (combed vs carded), and other properties. Various terms related to yarn like count, twist and their importance are also explained. In addition, the document provides details on classifying and describing different yarns accurately.
Fancy Yarns Final
Fancy Yarns by P.P Yarn Agencies provides an overview of different types of fancy yarns including their production methods and uses. Some key types are boucle, gimp and loop yarns which are made by twisting additional yarn around a core yarn. Other types include slub yarns with alternating thick and thin areas, and chenille yarns which have a soft pile bound to a core. Fancy yarns can be used for knitting, weaving, embroidery and other applications to enhance the visual appeal of fabrics and garments.
Fancy Yarns
Fancy yarns are special products of spinning, twisting, wrapping, texturing and knitting, etc. The demand for yarns with structural and/or optical effects is due to the special aesthetic and high decorative appeal to the woven, knitted materials, and other textiles as well. Textile materials that are produced using yarns with effects find applications in normal and high fashion clothing.
Recommended
Count, construction and width of common cotton
The document provides information on count, construction, and available widths of common cotton fabrics including drills, oxfords, poplins, twills, voiles, satins, cambrics, and plain fabrics. It also lists the founders' goal of creating an online marketplace for buyers and sellers of textiles to conveniently conduct business. Contact and location information is provided for Textile Basket, the company organizing the textile market.
Bdft ii, tmt, unit-i, thread count
Thread count refers to the number of threads in a square inch of fabric, including both warp and weft threads. It is used to measure fabric quality, with higher thread counts generally indicating finer fabrics. While thread counts of 150-200 are considered standard for cotton sheets, some extremely high counts over 500 can be misleading as they may count individual threads in plied yarns rather than the yarns themselves. Industry standards define thread count as counting each yarn as one, regardless of whether it is plied from multiple thinner threads.
Derivatives of Twill Weave
Twill weave is a kind of weave that repeat on three or more ends and picks and produces diagonal line on the face of fabric.
In a regular twill the diagonal line or twill line produces at 45 degree angle with the horizontal.
Concept:
The most characteristic of twill is that they have diagonal lines on the cloth.
Different types of twill
Rearranging a weave means taking single thread or groups of threads from the base weave and rearranging them in a different order
Weave
Weaving involves interlacing two sets of threads at right angles to form a fabric. The longitudinal threads are called the warp and the horizontal threads are called the weft. Cloth is woven on a loom, which holds the warp in place while the weft is woven through. There are several basic weaves like plain weave, twill, and satin weave that are modifications of more ancient weaves. Weaving techniques have evolved over time, from simple looms like backstrap looms to more advanced looms like drawlooms and jacquard looms that allow for complex pattern weaving.
Yarn
This document provides information about different types of yarn. It discusses that yarn is made up of twisted fibers or filaments that can be used for weaving or knitting. It then describes different types of yarns based on their material (staple vs filament), construction method (single, plied, cabled etc.), processing (combed vs carded), and other properties. Various terms related to yarn like count, twist and their importance are also explained. In addition, the document provides details on classifying and describing different yarns accurately.
Fancy Yarns Final
Fancy Yarns by P.P Yarn Agencies provides an overview of different types of fancy yarns including their production methods and uses. Some key types are boucle, gimp and loop yarns which are made by twisting additional yarn around a core yarn. Other types include slub yarns with alternating thick and thin areas, and chenille yarns which have a soft pile bound to a core. Fancy yarns can be used for knitting, weaving, embroidery and other applications to enhance the visual appeal of fabrics and garments.
Fancy Yarns
Fancy yarns are special products of spinning, twisting, wrapping, texturing and knitting, etc. The demand for yarns with structural and/or optical effects is due to the special aesthetic and high decorative appeal to the woven, knitted materials, and other textiles as well. Textile materials that are produced using yarns with effects find applications in normal and high fashion clothing.
Yarns ppt
This document discusses yarn count and different systems used to measure the fineness of yarns. It describes the denier and tex systems which measure linear mass density in grams per 9000 meters for denier and grams per 1000 meters for tex. It provides formulas for calculating filament diameter using denier or tex values and density. The document also compares direct and indirect yarn counting systems - direct uses mass of a length and indirect uses length per unit mass.
Yarn construction
Yarn is composed of fibers that are twisted together. The amount of twist is measured in turns per inch and can be low, medium, or high. Twist direction is indicated by S or Z letters. Natural fiber yarns are made through processes like opening, carding, combing, drawing and roving to align fibers, then ring spinning draws, twists and winds them into yarn. Man-made fibers are extruded through spinnerets as filaments and solidified, then converted into yarns using wet, melt or dry spinning.
Fabric design
Twill weave is a type of weave that produces diagonal lines on the fabric surface through the interlacing of warp and weft threads. The diagonal lines, known as the twill line, can form at angles between 15-75 degrees from the horizontal, with regular twill forming at a 45 degree angle. Twill weave can be classified based on the direction of the twill lines, the type of twill, and whether the twill line appears on one or both sides of the fabric. There are also several derivatives of the basic twill weave, including zigzag, hearing bone, diamond, and diaper twill patterns which produce different textured surfaces.
Cotton Yarn Manufacturing Process (1)
This document provides an overview of the cotton yarn manufacturing process. It begins with harvesting cotton and removing seeds through ginning. The fibers then undergo a series of processes to transform them into yarn, including blowroom, carding, drawing, combing, speed frame, ring spinning, and winding. These sequential steps clean and organize the fibers into a uniform roving that is then spun into yarn. The yarn manufacturing process produces different types and weights of yarn for various textile end products like apparel and home goods.
Weaving calculation
This document provides formulas for calculating various textile manufacturing metrics. Some key formulas include:
1. Reed Count, which is the number of dents in 2 inches of a stock port system. It is calculated as Ends Per Inch (EPI) divided by 1 plus the weft crimp percentage.
2. Reed Width, which is the cloth width multiplied by 100 plus the weft crimp percentage, all divided by 100.
3. To change the yarn count or threads per inch while maintaining fabric density, the EPI in the new fabric is calculated as the EPI in the original fabric multiplied by the new yarn count, divided by the original yarn count.
Twill weave fabric structre
The document discusses different types of twill weave structures and designs, including:
(1) Continuous twills that form diagonal lines across the fabric with variations in warp/weft float ratios.
(2) Zig zag and wavy twills that create non-straight diagonal patterns through periodic reversals of the twill direction.
(3) Broken and rearranged twills like herringbone that break up the twill lines through offsets, cuts, or changes in the float sequence.
(4) Combination twills that combine elements of different base twill structures to form complex patterns and designs.
Weaving calculation
The document provides solutions to mathematical problems about calculating fabric weight and production rates. It calculates:
1) The weight of 1000m of fabric with specifications of 60" x 50 PPI x 70 EPI is 1073.98 pounds or 487.72 kg.
2) The production rate per hour of this fabric at 180 PPM is 6 yards/hour or 5.50 meters/hour.
3) It provides the calculations and solutions for additional fabric specification problems to practice the techniques.
Types of clothing fabrics
Here are the types of clothing fabric that you commonly see on a daily basis and some interesting information about each one that you may appreciate if you are a clothing fabric enthusiast.
Class IV Science- Clothes
Clothes are a basic human need that protect us from environmental factors like heat, rain, and cold. The type of clothes worn depends on the weather conditions of the place. Clothes are made from various natural and synthetic fabrics. Natural fabrics come from plants and animals, while synthetic fabrics are man-made from materials like nylon and polyester. Proper care of clothes, such as washing, dry cleaning, and storage with mothballs, is needed to prevent damage from insects and extend the life of fabrics.
Fabric construction
This document discusses fabric construction and properties for dress design. It begins by introducing dress design and fashion design. There are several key steps in designing a garment, including sketching a design, creating a muslin sample, making a pattern, and the finished dress. Fabric choice, color, design, and decoration are the four essentials of dress design. The document then covers various fabric constructions like woven, knitted, laced, and non-woven fabrics. It describes different weaves like plain, twill, satin, and their characteristics. The summary provides an overview of the key topics and processes covered in the document.
Weaving
This document provides information about various topics related to textiles and weaving, including:
- Definitions of textile and weaving
- A flow chart showing the process of weaving from yarn to fabric
- Different types of yarn packages, fabrics, and medical and geo-textiles
- The objectives of yarn preparation and faults to be removed
- Qualities of a good warp
- Types of package winding and driving
- Factors affecting balloon shape during unwinding
- Types of yarn withdrawal and tension devices
- Effects of tension and the choice of tensioning device
- Objectives of warping and requirements
- Types of warping and their features
TYPES OF YARNS & APPLICATION& PROPERTIES
This document provides information on different types of yarns including their physical properties, advantages, disadvantages, and end applications. It discusses jute, acrylic, nylon, spandex, and cotton. For each yarn type, it outlines properties like tenacity, density, elongation at break, burning characteristics, and more. It also lists common end uses for each yarn such as bags for jute, clothing for acrylic and nylon, hosiery for nylon, exercise clothing for spandex, and more.
Environmental Science (EVS) : Houses and Clothing (Class II)
Houses and Clothing, Need for House, Types of Houses, Material used to build Houses,
Clothes, Need of Clothes, Different Clothes for different Seasons
Types of fabrics
This document provides information on various types of fabrics, including poplin, cambric, voile, canvas, brocade, crepe, georgette, chiffon, and others. It describes the materials, weaves, historical uses, and distinguishing characteristics of each fabric type. Key details are given on fabrics such as poplin traditionally being made of silk and worsted yarn, cambric originating from Cambrai, France, voile meaning veil in French, and brocade being woven with an ornamental supplementary weft for pattern. The document serves as an informative reference on the properties of different textile fabrics.
Weaving calculation
This document provides calculations and formulas related to yarn count, twist, winding, warping, sizing, weaving, and yarn quality parameters. It discusses three systems for calculating yarn count: indirect, direct, and universal. It also covers formulas for twist per inch, multi-filament yarns, winding calculations, warping calculations, sizing calculations, weaving calculations, and parameters for assessing yarn appearance, unevenness, linear density, and single thread strength.
Fabrics ppt
- Jute is a soft vegetable fiber produced from plants in the genus Corchorus. It is produced primarily in India and Bangladesh. Jute fibers are used to manufacture bags, footwear, jewelry, and other products. Common jute products include jute bags, rice bags, and onion bags.
- Cotton is a soft staple fiber that grows around cotton seeds within a protective boll. The main cotton species are Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium barbadense, Gossypium arboreum, and Gossypium herbaceum. Cotton fibers are spun into fabrics to make clothing, home goods, industrial products like tarpaulins and tents.
Types of Houses: PowerPoint
The document describes different types of houses including huts, detached houses, semi-detached houses, flats, apartments, bungalows, castles, cottages, caravans, terraced houses, and igloos. It also includes a matching exercise that pairs types of houses with their letters.
Fabrics & their Types, Control, Quality & Cleaning
The document provides information about various types of fabrics, including cotton, polyester, silk, acrylic, velvet, and damask. It discusses the defining characteristics of each fabric and common uses. It also covers topics like controlling fabric pilling, shrinkage, and quality. Methods for fabric cleaning such as vacuuming, wet cleaning, dry cleaning, steaming, and ironing are described. Finally, the document explains what thread count measures and how it is used to evaluate fabric quality.
FABRIC STRUCTURE
1) The document discusses different basic weaves including plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave. It explains how each weave is constructed and provides examples of fabrics made with each weave type.
2) Graph paper is used to represent weaves, with squares indicating where warp and weft threads interlace. Different graph paper sizes are used depending on the thread count of the fabric.
3) Derivatives and variations of the basic weaves are also covered, such as basket weave, rib weave, herringbone twill, and diamond and diaper twill designs. The uses of twill weave for different fabric types is mentioned.
Fabric and garment finishing
1. Denim fabric finishing involves mechanical and chemical washes to enhance the fabric's appeal and provide strength. Common mechanical washes include stone washing, which uses pumice stones to abrade fabric surfaces, and microsanding, which similarly abrades fabric surfaces using sand or other abrasives.
2. Common chemical washes include enzyme washing, which uses cellulase enzymes to selectively break down cotton fibers, acid washing, which uses acid to create color contrasts, and bleach washing, which uses bleaching agents to lighten the fabric. Each method produces different aesthetic effects but also has limitations like lack of color uniformity, potential damage, or environmental pollution.
3. Proper selection of wash method and process
Swot analysis of textile sector for bangladesh
The document provides a SWOT analysis of the textile sector in Bangladesh. It identifies several strengths, including low labor costs, accessible infrastructure, and government support for foreign investment. Weaknesses include a reliance on imported raw materials, low productivity, and inefficient ports. Opportunities lie in expanded export markets and potential to move into higher value products. Threats include competition from China and potential trade barriers related to labor standards and environmental regulations. The analysis concludes that a SWOT framework can help identify strategies to address weaknesses and threats facing the industry.
ERP
1. The document discusses ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems and their benefits for the textile and apparel industry. ERP systems integrate key operations like procurement, production, and distribution to increase efficiency.
2. It provides an overview of an ERP software called Kontrollis that is aimed at the garment industry. Kontrollis allows companies to track production data, employee productivity, and monitor orders remotely. It reduces costs and improves visibility across the supply chain.
3. Implementing an ERP system can compress the supply chain, lower costs through better planning and quality control, increase productivity, and improve customer satisfaction through on-time deliveries. ERP is important for industries like apparel that
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Yarns ppt
This document discusses yarn count and different systems used to measure the fineness of yarns. It describes the denier and tex systems which measure linear mass density in grams per 9000 meters for denier and grams per 1000 meters for tex. It provides formulas for calculating filament diameter using denier or tex values and density. The document also compares direct and indirect yarn counting systems - direct uses mass of a length and indirect uses length per unit mass.
Yarn construction
Yarn is composed of fibers that are twisted together. The amount of twist is measured in turns per inch and can be low, medium, or high. Twist direction is indicated by S or Z letters. Natural fiber yarns are made through processes like opening, carding, combing, drawing and roving to align fibers, then ring spinning draws, twists and winds them into yarn. Man-made fibers are extruded through spinnerets as filaments and solidified, then converted into yarns using wet, melt or dry spinning.
Fabric design
Twill weave is a type of weave that produces diagonal lines on the fabric surface through the interlacing of warp and weft threads. The diagonal lines, known as the twill line, can form at angles between 15-75 degrees from the horizontal, with regular twill forming at a 45 degree angle. Twill weave can be classified based on the direction of the twill lines, the type of twill, and whether the twill line appears on one or both sides of the fabric. There are also several derivatives of the basic twill weave, including zigzag, hearing bone, diamond, and diaper twill patterns which produce different textured surfaces.
Cotton Yarn Manufacturing Process (1)
This document provides an overview of the cotton yarn manufacturing process. It begins with harvesting cotton and removing seeds through ginning. The fibers then undergo a series of processes to transform them into yarn, including blowroom, carding, drawing, combing, speed frame, ring spinning, and winding. These sequential steps clean and organize the fibers into a uniform roving that is then spun into yarn. The yarn manufacturing process produces different types and weights of yarn for various textile end products like apparel and home goods.
Weaving calculation
This document provides formulas for calculating various textile manufacturing metrics. Some key formulas include:
1. Reed Count, which is the number of dents in 2 inches of a stock port system. It is calculated as Ends Per Inch (EPI) divided by 1 plus the weft crimp percentage.
2. Reed Width, which is the cloth width multiplied by 100 plus the weft crimp percentage, all divided by 100.
3. To change the yarn count or threads per inch while maintaining fabric density, the EPI in the new fabric is calculated as the EPI in the original fabric multiplied by the new yarn count, divided by the original yarn count.
Twill weave fabric structre
The document discusses different types of twill weave structures and designs, including:
(1) Continuous twills that form diagonal lines across the fabric with variations in warp/weft float ratios.
(2) Zig zag and wavy twills that create non-straight diagonal patterns through periodic reversals of the twill direction.
(3) Broken and rearranged twills like herringbone that break up the twill lines through offsets, cuts, or changes in the float sequence.
(4) Combination twills that combine elements of different base twill structures to form complex patterns and designs.
Weaving calculation
The document provides solutions to mathematical problems about calculating fabric weight and production rates. It calculates:
1) The weight of 1000m of fabric with specifications of 60" x 50 PPI x 70 EPI is 1073.98 pounds or 487.72 kg.
2) The production rate per hour of this fabric at 180 PPM is 6 yards/hour or 5.50 meters/hour.
3) It provides the calculations and solutions for additional fabric specification problems to practice the techniques.
Types of clothing fabrics
Here are the types of clothing fabric that you commonly see on a daily basis and some interesting information about each one that you may appreciate if you are a clothing fabric enthusiast.
Class IV Science- Clothes
Clothes are a basic human need that protect us from environmental factors like heat, rain, and cold. The type of clothes worn depends on the weather conditions of the place. Clothes are made from various natural and synthetic fabrics. Natural fabrics come from plants and animals, while synthetic fabrics are man-made from materials like nylon and polyester. Proper care of clothes, such as washing, dry cleaning, and storage with mothballs, is needed to prevent damage from insects and extend the life of fabrics.
Fabric construction
This document discusses fabric construction and properties for dress design. It begins by introducing dress design and fashion design. There are several key steps in designing a garment, including sketching a design, creating a muslin sample, making a pattern, and the finished dress. Fabric choice, color, design, and decoration are the four essentials of dress design. The document then covers various fabric constructions like woven, knitted, laced, and non-woven fabrics. It describes different weaves like plain, twill, satin, and their characteristics. The summary provides an overview of the key topics and processes covered in the document.
Weaving
This document provides information about various topics related to textiles and weaving, including:
- Definitions of textile and weaving
- A flow chart showing the process of weaving from yarn to fabric
- Different types of yarn packages, fabrics, and medical and geo-textiles
- The objectives of yarn preparation and faults to be removed
- Qualities of a good warp
- Types of package winding and driving
- Factors affecting balloon shape during unwinding
- Types of yarn withdrawal and tension devices
- Effects of tension and the choice of tensioning device
- Objectives of warping and requirements
- Types of warping and their features
TYPES OF YARNS & APPLICATION& PROPERTIES
This document provides information on different types of yarns including their physical properties, advantages, disadvantages, and end applications. It discusses jute, acrylic, nylon, spandex, and cotton. For each yarn type, it outlines properties like tenacity, density, elongation at break, burning characteristics, and more. It also lists common end uses for each yarn such as bags for jute, clothing for acrylic and nylon, hosiery for nylon, exercise clothing for spandex, and more.
Environmental Science (EVS) : Houses and Clothing (Class II)
Houses and Clothing, Need for House, Types of Houses, Material used to build Houses,
Clothes, Need of Clothes, Different Clothes for different Seasons
Types of fabrics
This document provides information on various types of fabrics, including poplin, cambric, voile, canvas, brocade, crepe, georgette, chiffon, and others. It describes the materials, weaves, historical uses, and distinguishing characteristics of each fabric type. Key details are given on fabrics such as poplin traditionally being made of silk and worsted yarn, cambric originating from Cambrai, France, voile meaning veil in French, and brocade being woven with an ornamental supplementary weft for pattern. The document serves as an informative reference on the properties of different textile fabrics.
Weaving calculation
This document provides calculations and formulas related to yarn count, twist, winding, warping, sizing, weaving, and yarn quality parameters. It discusses three systems for calculating yarn count: indirect, direct, and universal. It also covers formulas for twist per inch, multi-filament yarns, winding calculations, warping calculations, sizing calculations, weaving calculations, and parameters for assessing yarn appearance, unevenness, linear density, and single thread strength.
Fabrics ppt
- Jute is a soft vegetable fiber produced from plants in the genus Corchorus. It is produced primarily in India and Bangladesh. Jute fibers are used to manufacture bags, footwear, jewelry, and other products. Common jute products include jute bags, rice bags, and onion bags.
- Cotton is a soft staple fiber that grows around cotton seeds within a protective boll. The main cotton species are Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium barbadense, Gossypium arboreum, and Gossypium herbaceum. Cotton fibers are spun into fabrics to make clothing, home goods, industrial products like tarpaulins and tents.
Types of Houses: PowerPoint
The document describes different types of houses including huts, detached houses, semi-detached houses, flats, apartments, bungalows, castles, cottages, caravans, terraced houses, and igloos. It also includes a matching exercise that pairs types of houses with their letters.
Fabrics & their Types, Control, Quality & Cleaning
The document provides information about various types of fabrics, including cotton, polyester, silk, acrylic, velvet, and damask. It discusses the defining characteristics of each fabric and common uses. It also covers topics like controlling fabric pilling, shrinkage, and quality. Methods for fabric cleaning such as vacuuming, wet cleaning, dry cleaning, steaming, and ironing are described. Finally, the document explains what thread count measures and how it is used to evaluate fabric quality.
FABRIC STRUCTURE
1) The document discusses different basic weaves including plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave. It explains how each weave is constructed and provides examples of fabrics made with each weave type.
2) Graph paper is used to represent weaves, with squares indicating where warp and weft threads interlace. Different graph paper sizes are used depending on the thread count of the fabric.
3) Derivatives and variations of the basic weaves are also covered, such as basket weave, rib weave, herringbone twill, and diamond and diaper twill designs. The uses of twill weave for different fabric types is mentioned.
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Environmental Science (EVS) : Houses and Clothing (Class II)
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Fabrics & their Types, Control, Quality & Cleaning
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More from VICTOR ROY
Fabric and garment finishing
1. Denim fabric finishing involves mechanical and chemical washes to enhance the fabric's appeal and provide strength. Common mechanical washes include stone washing, which uses pumice stones to abrade fabric surfaces, and microsanding, which similarly abrades fabric surfaces using sand or other abrasives.
2. Common chemical washes include enzyme washing, which uses cellulase enzymes to selectively break down cotton fibers, acid washing, which uses acid to create color contrasts, and bleach washing, which uses bleaching agents to lighten the fabric. Each method produces different aesthetic effects but also has limitations like lack of color uniformity, potential damage, or environmental pollution.
3. Proper selection of wash method and process
Swot analysis of textile sector for bangladesh
The document provides a SWOT analysis of the textile sector in Bangladesh. It identifies several strengths, including low labor costs, accessible infrastructure, and government support for foreign investment. Weaknesses include a reliance on imported raw materials, low productivity, and inefficient ports. Opportunities lie in expanded export markets and potential to move into higher value products. Threats include competition from China and potential trade barriers related to labor standards and environmental regulations. The analysis concludes that a SWOT framework can help identify strategies to address weaknesses and threats facing the industry.
ERP
1. The document discusses ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems and their benefits for the textile and apparel industry. ERP systems integrate key operations like procurement, production, and distribution to increase efficiency.
2. It provides an overview of an ERP software called Kontrollis that is aimed at the garment industry. Kontrollis allows companies to track production data, employee productivity, and monitor orders remotely. It reduces costs and improves visibility across the supply chain.
3. Implementing an ERP system can compress the supply chain, lower costs through better planning and quality control, increase productivity, and improve customer satisfaction through on-time deliveries. ERP is important for industries like apparel that
Tensile Strength
The document discusses tensile strength and tensile testing. It defines tensile strength as the maximum stress a material can withstand under tension before necking and breaking. A tensile test measures how a material responds to tensile forces by recording the load and elongation of a test specimen. The results are displayed as a stress-strain curve which can show properties like yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and ductility measures.
Tensile Strengthy
The document discusses tensile strength and tensile testing. It defines tensile strength as the maximum stress a material can withstand under tension before necking and breaking. A tensile test measures how a material responds to tensile forces by recording the load and elongation of a test specimen. The results are used to determine various tensile properties including modulus of elasticity, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and measures of ductility. Hooke's law and concepts like strain, stress-strain curves, and necking are also explained in the context of understanding a material's tensile behavior.
Wool is water resistant assi3
Wool is a versatile natural fiber that provides insulation through trapped air pockets. Different types of wool come from sheep, alpacas, goats, rabbits, and camels. Sheep's wool varieties include merino, lamb's wool, Shetland, and melton wool. Merino wool is particularly soft and breathable. Alpaca wool is softer than cashmere and lighter than sheep's wool. Mohair from goats is durable and lustrous. Angora wool from rabbits is exceptionally soft and warm. Cashmere from goats is extremely soft and lightweight. Camel hair is also luxurious and warm. Each wool type has distinct properties making it suitable for various clothing and textile applications.
Wool fibre structure and properties
Wool fiber has several structural layers that contribute to its unique properties. The outer cuticle layer has overlapping scales that allow wool to easily remove dirt while felting. The cortex makes up 90% of the fiber and contains two types of cells that expand differently when wet, creating crimp. Inside the cortical cells are macrofibrils composed of microfibrils that provide strength. The matrix region contains proteins with sulfur atoms that make wool absorbent and able to take up large amounts of dye. The smallest component, a helical coil structure, gives wool flexibility and elasticity through hydrogen and disulfide bonds.
Application of Computer in Textiles
The document discusses Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems and their benefits for the textile and apparel industry. ERP systems integrate key operations like procurement, design, production, marketing, and distribution to help companies operate more efficiently. For the textile industry, ERP can help compress supply chains, improve responsiveness, and allow real-time visibility across global operations. Specific ERP software solutions are presented for the garment industry, along with case studies of companies experiencing increased productivity, cost savings, and improved customer satisfaction after implementing these systems.
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原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
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◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
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办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
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Tools & Techniques for Commissioning and Maintaining PV Systems W-Animations ...
Join us for this solutions-based webinar on the tools and techniques for commissioning and maintaining PV Systems. In this session, we'll review the process of building and maintaining a solar array, starting with installation and commissioning, then reviewing operations and maintenance of the system. This course will review insulation resistance testing, I-V curve testing, earth-bond continuity, ground resistance testing, performance tests, visual inspections, ground and arc fault testing procedures, and power quality analysis.
Fluke Solar Application Specialist Will White is presenting on this engaging topic:
Will has worked in the renewable energy industry since 2005, first as an installer for a small east coast solar integrator before adding sales, design, and project management to his skillset. In 2022, Will joined Fluke as a solar application specialist, where he supports their renewable energy testing equipment like IV-curve tracers, electrical meters, and thermal imaging cameras. Experienced in wind power, solar thermal, energy storage, and all scales of PV, Will has primarily focused on residential and small commercial systems. He is passionate about implementing high-quality, code-compliant installation techniques.
3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advances (AIAD 2024)
3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Advances (AIAD 2024) will act as a major forum for the presentation of innovative ideas, approaches, developments, and research projects in the area advanced Artificial Intelligence. It will also serve to facilitate the exchange of information between researchers and industry professionals to discuss the latest issues and advancement in the research area. Core areas of AI and advanced multi-disciplinary and its applications will be covered during the conferences.
Ericsson LTE Throughput Troubleshooting Techniques.ppt
Ericsson LTE Throughput Troubleshooting Techniques
Open Channel Flow: fluid flow with a free surface
Open Channel Flow: This topic focuses on fluid flow with a free surface, such as in rivers, canals, and drainage ditches. Key concepts include the classification of flow types (steady vs. unsteady, uniform vs. non-uniform), hydraulic radius, flow resistance, Manning's equation, critical flow conditions, and energy and momentum principles. It also covers flow measurement techniques, gradually varied flow analysis, and the design of open channels. Understanding these principles is vital for effective water resource management and engineering applications.
Impartiality as per ISO /IEC 17025:2017 Standard
This document provides basic guidelines for imparitallity requirement of ISO 17025. It defines in detial how it is met and wiudhwdih jdhsjdhwudjwkdbjwkdddddddddddkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwioiiiiiiiiiiiii uwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwhe wiqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq gbbbbbbbbbbbbb owdjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj widhi owqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq uwdhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhwqiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiw0pooooojjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj whhhhhhhhhhh wheeeeeeee wihieiiiiii wihe
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A high-Speed Communication System is based on the Design of a Bi-NoC Router, ...
The Network on Chip (NoC) has emerged as an effective
solution for intercommunication infrastructure within System on
Chip (SoC) designs, overcoming the limitations of traditional
methods that face significant bottlenecks. However, the complexity
of NoC design presents numerous challenges related to
performance metrics such as scalability, latency, power
consumption, and signal integrity. This project addresses the
issues within the router's memory unit and proposes an enhanced
memory structure. To achieve efficient data transfer, FIFO buffers
are implemented in distributed RAM and virtual channels for
FPGA-based NoC. The project introduces advanced FIFO-based
memory units within the NoC router, assessing their performance
in a Bi-directional NoC (Bi-NoC) configuration. The primary
objective is to reduce the router's workload while enhancing the
FIFO internal structure. To further improve data transfer speed,
a Bi-NoC with a self-configurable intercommunication channel is
suggested. Simulation and synthesis results demonstrate
guaranteed throughput, predictable latency, and equitable
network access, showing significant improvement over previous
designs
OOPS_Lab_Manual - programs using C++ programming language
This manual contains programs on object oriented programming concepts using C++ language.
Determination of Equivalent Circuit parameters and performance characteristic...
Includes the testing of induction motor to draw the circle diagram of induction motor with step wise procedure and calculation for the same. Also explains the working and application of Induction generator
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptx
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
This study Examines the Effectiveness of Talent Procurement through the Imple...
In the world with high technology and fast
forward mindset recruiters are walking/showing interest
towards E-Recruitment. Present most of the HRs of
many companies are choosing E-Recruitment as the best
choice for recruitment. E-Recruitment is being done
through many online platforms like Linkedin, Naukri,
Instagram , Facebook etc. Now with high technology E-
Recruitment has gone through next level by using
Artificial Intelligence too.
Key Words : Talent Management, Talent Acquisition , E-
Recruitment , Artificial Intelligence Introduction
Effectiveness of Talent Acquisition through E-
Recruitment in this topic we will discuss about 4important
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Particle Swarm Optimization–Long Short-Term Memory based Channel Estimation w...
Paper Title
Particle Swarm Optimization–Long Short-Term Memory based Channel Estimation with Hybrid Beam Forming Power Transfer in WSN-IoT Applications
Authors
Reginald Jude Sixtus J and Tamilarasi Muthu, Puducherry Technological University, India
Abstract
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) helps to overcome various difficulties in future technology wireless communications. NOMA, when utilized with millimeter wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, channel estimation becomes extremely difficult. For reaping the benefits of the NOMA and mm-Wave combination, effective channel estimation is required. In this paper, we propose an enhanced particle swarm optimization based long short-term memory estimator network (PSOLSTMEstNet), which is a neural network model that can be employed to forecast the bandwidth required in the mm-Wave MIMO network. The prime advantage of the LSTM is that it has the capability of dynamically adapting to the functioning pattern of fluctuating channel state. The LSTM stage with adaptive coding and modulation enhances the BER.PSO algorithm is employed to optimize input weights of LSTM network. The modified algorithm splits the power by channel condition of every single user. Participants will be first sorted into distinct groups depending upon respective channel conditions, using a hybrid beamforming approach. The network characteristics are fine-estimated using PSO-LSTMEstNet after a rough approximation of channels parameters derived from the received data.
Keywords
Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Bit Error Rate (BER), mm-Wave, MIMO, NOMA, deep learning, optimization.
Volume URL: https://airccse.org/journal/ijc2022.html
Abstract URL:https://aircconline.com/abstract/ijcnc/v14n5/14522cnc05.html
Pdf URL: https://aircconline.com/ijcnc/V14N5/14522cnc05.pdf
#scopuspublication #scopusindexed #callforpapers #researchpapers #cfp #researchers #phdstudent #researchScholar #journalpaper #submission #journalsubmission #WBAN #requirements #tailoredtreatment #MACstrategy #enhancedefficiency #protrcal #computing #analysis #wirelessbodyareanetworks #wirelessnetworks
#adhocnetwork #VANETs #OLSRrouting #routing #MPR #nderesidualenergy #korea #cognitiveradionetworks #radionetworks #rendezvoussequence
Here's where you can reach us : ijcnc@airccse.org or ijcnc@aircconline.com
Butterfly Valves Manufacturer (LBF Series).pdf
We have designed & manufacture the Lubi Valves LBF series type of Butterfly Valves for General Utility Water applications as well as for HVAC applications.
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Theory and calculation of cover factor
- 1. Theory and calculation of cover factor Posted by butex on February 7, 2014 The figure shows projected views of two woven cloths of different construction. At A the warp and the weft threads cover the area of the cloth only partially, but at B the cloth area is covered completely with no spaces left between the adjacent warp yarns, and it will be seen that the relative closeness of yarns in a woven cloth is dependent upon the ratio of yarn diameter, d, to yarn spacing, p. This ratio known as relative cover, can be defined as the proportion of a projected view of a given area of cloth which is covered by threads, and will have a scale from 0 to 1, although it may also be expressed as percentage cover with a scale from 0 to 100 per cent. d/p = relative cover, (d x 100)/p = percentage cover It is preferable to express warp and weft relative cover separately, as the cumulative value of cloth cover does not indicate the comparative importance of each set of yarns which is essential for the determination of certain cloth characteristics. From the relationship shown above it will be obvious that if d= p. the value of relative cover is one, and this is regarded as the theoretical maximum cover. In practice, however, this value can be exceeded considerably in any one direction, either through yarn distortion, or, by forcing the threads into different planes, especially if the relative cover of the opposite set of threads is reduced correspondingly. The relative cover for one thread system can be calculated as follows by considering an area of 100 x 100mm: Area per thread = 100 x d Area covered by n threads of one system = n x 100 x d Therefore, relative cover = (n x 100 x d)/(100 x 100) = (n x d)/100
- 2. Example: The cloth represented at A is specified as follows: Warp — 25 tex cotton, 267 ends/100 mm; weft—36 tex cotton, 334 picks/100 mm. Find the relative warp and weft cover. (Subscript 1 refers to warp, subscript 2 to weft.) Warp relative cover = (n1 x d1)/100 = (267 x (25)/(26.7))/100 = 0.50 Weft relative cover = (n2 x d2)/100 = (334 x (36)/(26.7))/100 = 0.75 Read more: http://textilelearner.com/theory-and-calculation-of-cover-factor-2/#ixzz2vG80x9fC