The document discusses the concept of the auteur theory in film. It was introduced in the 1950s by French film directors who believed that a director's film reflects their unique creative vision. Specifically, it mentions that François Truffaut was a influential French film director who was one of the founders of the French New Wave cinema movement and believed directors should solely focus on their contribution to a film production.

4. The term ‘auteur’
originates from France
and literally translates
to ‘author’. In terms of
media productions, this
implies how a
director’s film reflects
their creative vision.
This theory was
introduced in the
1950’s by French film
directors, such as
Francois Truffaut who
believed that a director
should solely focus on
his/her contribution to
their production.
Francois Truffaut,
pictured opposite
Francois Roland
Truffaut was born on
February 6th 1932 and
was a famous French
film director,
screenwriter, producer
and actor. He won
many awards for his
productions, including
the Academy Award for
the best foreign film/
movie. Truffaut was
also one of the
founders of the ‘French
New Wave’, a group of
directors that
revolutionised cinema.

8. The hegemony theory was
introduced in the early
1900s, by an Italian Marxist
named Antonio Gramsci.
Gramsci came up with this
theory as he strongly
disagreed with the Marxist
view of how the ruling class
maintained their status and
power.
Antonio Gramsci,
pictured opposite