1. Amira Khemakhem 10-B

2. Offshoring
Definition: manufacturing's version of

outsourcing.

3. About Offshoring
Describes the relocation by a company of a

business process from one country to another
(usually an operational process such as
manufacturing, or supporting processes such as
accounting).
 State governments employ offshoring.
 Substitution of a service from any foreign source
for a service formally produced internally to the
firm.
 In some cases, only imported services from
subsidiaries or other closely related suppliers are
included.

4. About Offshoring (cont.)
Can be seen in the context of either production

offshoring or services offshoring. After its succession
in the World Trade Organization (also known as
(WTO), in 2001, the People’s Republic of China
emerged as a prominent destination for offshoring.
 After technical progress in telecommunications
improved the possibilities of trade in services, India
became a country leading in this domain though
many parts of the world are now emerging as
offshore destinations.
 Economic logic is to reduce costs. The idea is that
countries should freely trade items that cost the
least for them to produce.

5. Sources on Offshoring
“Offshoring – Outsourcing to Extreme”

http://management.about.com/cs/people/a/of
fshoring104.htm
 “Offshoring: The Next Industrial Revolution?”
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/61514/
alan-s-blinder/offshoring-the-next-industrial-
revolution
 “Offshoring”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offshoring

6. Supply-Chaining
Definition: any sequence processes involved

in the production of and distribution of a
commodity.

7. About Supply-Chaining
The system of

organizations, people, technology, activities, information
and resources involved in moving a product or service from
supplier to customer.
 Transform natural resources, raw materials and components
into a finished product that is delivered to the end customer.
 In sophisticated supply chain systems, used products may
re-enter the supply chain at any point where residual value
is recyclable. They link value chains.
 Begins with ecological and biological regulation of natural
resources, followed by the human extraction of raw
material, and includes several production links before
moving on to several layers of storage facilities of ever-
decreasing size and ever more remote locations, and finally
reaching the consumer.

8. Sources on Supply-Chaining
“Supply chain”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain
 “Supply Chaining and a Flat World”
http://www.supplychainasia.com/supply-
chain-management/supply-chaining-and-a-
flat-world-can-scm-processes-be-outsourced-
to-india.html
 “Introduction to Supply Chain Management”
http://logistics.about.com/od/supplychainintr
oduction/a/into_scm.htm

9. Insourcing
Definition: the business practice of using

current personnel or resourcing for new
tasks or projects.

10. About Insourcing
The opposite of outsourcing.

Defined as the delegation of operations or jobs

from production within a business to an internal
entity that specializes in that operation.
A business that is often made to maintain control

of critical production or competencies.
An alternate use of the term implies transferring

jobs to within the country where the term is
used, either by hiring local subcontractors or
building a facility.
Widely used in an area such as production to

reduce costs of taxes, labor and transportation

11. Sources on Insourcing
“Insourcing”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insourcing
 “Insourcing”
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_
gci1185946,00.html
 “Outsourcing vs. Insourcing: What’s best for your
Organization?”
http://www.outsource2india.com/why_india/arti
cles/outsourcing-versus-insourcing.asp

12. In-forming
Definition: to give or provide information.


13. About In-forming
Search engines are used for in-forming, and are

special sites on the World Wide Web intended
to help people find information that are stored
on other sites.
 Enables the search engines to work in many
different ways, but must have three basic
functions that they perform: must be able to
search the internet using key words; must keep
an index of the word it finds and where they
found them; must allow people to look for
words or a combination of words in the index.

14. Sources on In-forming
“In-Forming: Google, Yahoo!, MSN Web Search”

http://www.oppapers.com/essays/In-Forming-
Google-Yahoo-Msn-Web-Search/171621

15. “The Steroids”
Definition: personal digital devices.


16. About “The Steroids”
 They amplify and turbo-charge all other
flatteners.
 Going to further empower all other
forms of collaboration.

17. Sources on “The Steroids”
“Mandoforms and Personal Devices”

http://www.mandoforms.com/initiatives/perso
nal_devices.html
 “Mobiles as Real Personal Devices”
http://www.siliconindia.com/guestcontributor/
guestarticle/78/Mobiles_as_Real_Personal_De
vices_Shankar_Narayanan.html