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The vikings
The Vikings originated from Scandinavia and during the Viking Age from around 700-1100 AD, they traveled to places like Britain and Ireland for both war and trade. Some Vikings raided and stole treasures from places like monasteries, while others settled in new lands as farmers or merchants. In 793, Norse Vikings attacked the Christian monastery at Lindisfarne in England, looting treasures and killing monks, shocking the local population. Over the centuries, there were many battles as the Vikings fought English kings for control of English lands, with the last Viking king of York being deposed in 954 after his death in battle.
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The vikings
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- 2. The Vikingage in European history was about AD 700 to 1100. During this period many Vikings left Scandinavia and travelled to other countries, such as Britain and Ireland. Some went to fight and steal treasure. Others settled in new lands as farmers, craftsmen ortraders.
- 3. The map showshow Vikings came to the British Isles
- 4. The remains ofa Viking farm at Ribblehead in Yorkshire, England.
- 5. A Viking ship,pictured in an Anglo- Saxon history book.
- 6. Viking buildings atJarlshof in the Shetland Isles, north of Scotland.
- 7. Ruins of homesbuilt by Vikings who settled in Greenland. This is a modern photo.
- 8. Viking ships TheVikings built fast ships for raiding and war. These ships were 'dragon-ships' or 'longships'. The Vikings also had slower passenger and cargo ships called knorrs. They built small boats for fishing or short trips.
- 9. A real Vikinglongship. The ‘Gokstad’ ship was built between AD 850 and AD 900. It was excavated by archaeologists, and is now in a museum in Oslo, Norway.
- 10. The Oseberg longshipin the Vikingskiphuset, Oslo.
- 11. Figureheads on shipswere meant to scare enemies. It shows what the 'dragon-head' on a Viking fighting-ship probably looked like.
- 12. Viking sailors couldtell which way the wind was blowing by looking at a weather- vane
- 13. A raid onEngland In 793, 'Northmen' (as the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle calls them) attacked theChristian monastery at Lindisfarne in Northumbria, in north-east England. Northumbria was an English kingdom, and its monasteries were famous for books, art and treasures. On a January day, the longships arrived and the Vikings attacked. They burned buildings, stole treasures, murdered monks, and terrified everyone. Some Christian Church leaders said the Vikings were sent by God, to punish people in England for doing wrong.
- 14. This is amodern re-enactment of a Viking battle. Notice the men's helmets and round shields.
- 15. A Viking sword.Only a rich Viking could afford a fine sword. Sword- making was a great skill, and a good sword was kept as a family treasure.
- 16. Lindisfarne today. TheViking raid on the Christian monastery at Lindisfarne in AD 793 shocked and frightened people in England.
- 17. This is whata Viking might have looked like. Most men had beards. In this picture, the man wears an iron helmet with a nose-protector.
- 18. These are fragmentsof Viking cloth and weaving tools. The tools include needles and shears. The textiles still have traces of coloured dyes.
- 19. Viking women spenta lot of time weaving wool, to make clothes and blankets.
- 20. A leather boot.Can you see how it was fastened? This boot was found at Coppergate (York).
- 21. A stone, forgrinding grain to make flour.
- 22. A wood-turner workinga pole-lathe, a machine for shaping wood. This is a model at the Jorvik Viking Centre (York).
- 23. Animals shared Vikinghomes with Viking families. This woman is looking after her geese.
- 24. These are playingpieces made form bone, antler and ivory. They are shown alongside a fragment of a board for the game hnefatafl.
- 25. Jorvik's last king Throughout the Viking Age, there were many battles between the Vikings and the English. In the 9th century, the English king Alfred the Great stopped the Vikings taking over all of England. In the 10th century the Englishreconquered much of the land held by Vikings. In 954, they drove out Eric Bloodaxe, the last Viking king of Jorvik. After Eric was killed in battle, the Vikings in England agreed to be ruled by England's king.
- 26. Eric Bloodaxe wasthe last Viking King of Jorvik. This is one of his silver pennies, with a sword and his name Eric Rex ('King Eric' in Latin) on one side.