A glimpse into the world of data visualization and how you can turn your data into visual statements by exploring the different types of charts, tools & techniques

1. Visuals
Thestoryof
An intro to data visualization

2. Datavisualizationisanewtrend
Egyptian colored map 3,000 BC !!

3. Visualizationisastatisticalmethod
First Chart 10th Century
Astronomer Florence Nightingale - Nursery
First Compound Rose Chart 1850

4. Animageworth1000words
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
undefined Female Male
Users Joined platform since Jan
2017
Gender Count %
Female 117,000 22%
Male 400,000 75%
Undefined 14,000 2%
Male : Female
3 : 1

5. Human beings learned to communicate with drawing before they
invented writing.
Whydoweprefervisuals?
Our brain can process images at speed up to 13 mms
According to studies 65% of people are visual learners

6. Theyrevealunseenrelations
First Outbreak 1817
Second Outbreak 1829
Third Outbreak 1851
Cholera pandemic

7. Nop, this one knows
nothing
John Snow
1813 – 1858

8. Nop, this one know
nothing
John Snow
1813 – 1858
Dr. John snow

9. John Snow
Cholera Map
1850
The data visualization that
revealed that water
contamination is the real
cause behind Cholera spread

10. WhatisDataVisualization?
Audience Question
DataTools
Story

11. Whoaremy
audience?
Whataretheirbackgrounds?
Whatlevelofdetailstheyareconcernedwith?
Howmuchtimetheyhavetoviewmystory?

12. TheQuestion?
• Why do I want to do it?
• What are the constraints that bound this visualization
• What kind of relationship it represent?

13. Comparison Composition Distribution Data over time
TypesofRelationships
Geo based

14. Comparison
If you are comparing numbers … Bars are your best friend
45%
30%
21%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
campaign 1 campaign 2 campaign 3
Percentage of conversion per campaign
Values on top
of bar
Unified
Color
X Axis is ordered
according to values

15. BarCharts-Colors
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
Linked In Indeed Wuzzuf Bayt Jobzella Tanqeeb Olx
Market Growth rate
To highlight
information

16. 0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
Linked In Indeed Wuzzuf Bayt Jobzella Tanqeeb Olx
Employer growth JS growth
BarCharts-Colors
To add more
information/
dimension

17. 0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Increase rate in job seekers across job categories
IT Accounting Sales Tourism Education Marketing
BarCharts-Colors
Don’t Over do
it

18. BarCharts-Orientation
4300
3200
2200 2100
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
‫سنتر‬‫كول‬-Call
Center
‫خارجية‬‫مبيعات‬
‫وتوزيع‬
‫التليفون‬‫عبر‬‫تسويق‬
‫الكتروني‬‫تسويق‬
number of job seekers joined in Feb per
sub category

19. 4300
3200
2200
2100
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
‫سنتر‬ ‫كول‬-Call Center
‫وتوزيع‬ ‫خارجية‬ ‫مبيعات‬
‫التليفون‬ ‫عبر‬ ‫تسويق‬
‫الكتروني‬ ‫تسويق‬
number of job seekers joined in Feb per
sub category
Long titles
BarCharts-Horizontal

20. BarCharts-Stacked
3000
2000
800
500
1200
1400
1400
600
‫سنتر‬ ‫كول‬-Call Center
‫وتوزيع‬ ‫خارجية‬ ‫مبيعات‬
‫التليفون‬ ‫عبر‬ ‫تسويق‬
‫الكتروني‬ ‫تسويق‬
number of job seekers joined in Feb per sub category
Online Registeration Call Center
Compare totals & highlight
composition

21. BarCharts-Stacked
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
‫سنتر‬ ‫كول‬-Call Center
‫وتوزيع‬ ‫خارجية‬ ‫مبيعات‬
‫التليفون‬ ‫عبر‬ ‫تسويق‬
‫الكتروني‬ ‫تسويق‬
Chart Title
Online Registeration Call Center
Compare Composition

22. BarChart-Deviation
10%
-12%
15%
5%
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
Campaign 1 Campaign 2 Campaign 3 Campaign 4
Deviation from Conversion target per campaign

23. Comparison-Bubbles
?
?
If this bubble represent
1
then what the other
bubbles equal?
1

24. Good in
highlighting the
biggest item when
not comparing
exact numbers
Comparison-Bubbles

25. PieChart
70%
10%
20%
Job seekers education levels
Bachelor Degree
Masters Degree
Others
Pie charts are catchy
representation that is
informative if the differences
between numbers are
significant and categories are
4 or less
Values MUST
sum up to
100%

26. Composition-Pie
Bachelor Degree
40%
Masters Degree
20%
High School
15%
Diploma
15%
PHD
8%
Vocational
2%
Job seekers education levels
Values correspond to
areas, small values are
not well represented

27. Composition-Bars
40%
20%
15% 15%
8%
2%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Job seekers education levels
1,500,000
JS
Column height
correspond to value
Values are ordered
descending

28. PieChart-Donut
70%
10%
20%
Job seekers education levels
Bachelor Degree Masters Degree Others
1,500,000
JS

29. Distribution–thecloserlook
What is the average salary for a job seeker in a
recruitment platform?

30. Distribution–thecloserlook
What is the average salary for a job seeker in Forasna?
Mean : 3100 LE
Sum /count

31. Distribution–thecloserlook
What is the average salary for a job seeker in Forasna?
Median: 1900
Order then get the middle value

32. Distribution–
Boxplot
What is the average salary for a job seeker in Forasna?
Sum /count
25%
50%
75%
99%
Data can be concentrated
at the end of quartile

33. Distribution–Histogram
What is the average salary for a job seeker in Forasna?
Current Salary
The column represent how many times this
value appeared
(100 js have the salary of 2400)
Bin size control the
grouping of data (if
size=100 then 6100
are counted under
6000)

34. Bin Size 100
Bin Size 500

35. Bin Size 100
Bin Size 1000

36. Trends–Dataovertime

37. 0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Created applications per month
Add trend line to highlight the
over all trend
Trends
The slope between each
2 points represent the
percentage of change

38. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Created applications per month over years
Trends–Seasonal Compare similar date
frames to detect seasonality
2017
2016
2015
Add legend at the end of
line

39. Heatmaps
• Sequential Data? 1 color
different shades
• Categorical data? Different colors
• Divergent data? 2 color shades
• Use Color Brewer to help with
palettes.

40. 0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
Employer growth JS growth
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Applications per month
2015
2016
2017
3+Dimensions -Color

41. 3+Dimensions–Size

42. 3+Dimensions–Facets
45%
30%
21%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
campaign
1
campaign
2
campaign
3
80%
22%
44%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
campaign
1
campaign
2
campaign
3
33% 34%
21%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
campaign
1
campaign
2
campaign
3
Percentage of conversion per campaign
Cairo Alexandria Aswan

43. 3+Dimensions–Facets
45%
30%
21%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
campaign
1
campaign
2
campaign
3
80%
22%
44%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
campaign
1
campaign
2
campaign
3
33% 34%
21%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
campaign
1
campaign
2
campaign
3
Percentage of conversion per campaign
Cairo Alexandria Aswan
Using colors to facilitate
comparison across charts

44. 3+Dimensions–RadarChart
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Distribution
Chance creation
RecoveryTake On
Shooting
Player A
Player B
Can Compare 2 items in
multiple dimensions at
the same time

45. Colors–Culturenorms
• Red is warning/negative
• Green is positive
• The darker the color the more the value
• Yellow/blue - Green/Red combinations are not
color blind friendly
0 100 300 500 1000

46. Thetool–Difficultylevel
Easy to use
Google Data
Studio
programming skills required
Data pre processing
Capabilities
High UX
capabilities ,
easy integration
with web

47. Thetool–Price$$
Free
Google Data Studio
Expensive
Free for static chart but
with hidden cost in hosting
setup

48. Offline
No connection to the data
source
Online
Connected to the live data
Difficulty Pricing UI Advanced
charts
Integration
with web
interface
Interactivity Data pre
processing
Excel , Google
sheets,
Data wrapper
Easy Free Good No No No No
JS packages
(D3 , High
chart)
Programming
skills
Free - there is
enterprise
edition
Excellent Yes Easy Medium limited
Programming
packages (R,
Python)
Programming
skills
Free - there is
enterprise
edition
V. Good Yes Medium Easy Yes
BI tools
Power BI,
Tableau)
Medium Expensive Excellent Yes No Easy No
Glimpseintovisualizationtools

49. Truelies!
There are three kinds of lies:
Lies, Damn lies and Statistics

50. Truelies!
Fox News showing the
effect of Bush tax cuts
Non Zero
Base!!!

51. Truelies!
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
75%
2016 2017
Our Platform Market Share in the
past 2 years
Starting from non zero base to
give illusion of double growth
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2016 2017
Our Platform Market Share in the
past 2 years

52. Truelies!
Inverted Axis to give the
illusion of decline instead of
increase

53. Truelies!
Apple showing all time
cumulative sales of
iPhone

54. Truelies!
Apple showing all time
cumulative sales of
iPhone
The Actual values
of sales

55. Truelies!
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
June
July
Aug
Sep
Oct
Cumulative Job posts per month
Using cumulative
value to fake
increase
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct
Job posts per month

56. Truelies!
Pie or Pizza?!!
Values doesn’t sum to
100%
No Comment!!

57. “WHY” is your first & most important question
Bars are your best friend
If categories are many… keep the pie for the
dinner
Keep it simple yet informative
Be truthful to your audience
In
Summary

58. Questions?

59. Additional
Resources
• Brief History of Data visualization
• How to design charts & graphs
• Summary of The functional Art
• Blog on turning bad charts to good ones
• Table & Graph Design
• Data Visualization Catalog
• The Ethics of data visualization