A presentation on moving a centrally developed, grant funded project towards a community development model called social sourcing. This presentation was given at the Connexions 2009 Conference at Rice University on Feb. 6, 2009.
Building eduCommons Sustainability Through Social SourcingTom Caswell
A presentation on current efforts to move eduCommons (an open source OpenCourseWare content management system) from a grant-funded project to a community supported development model called social sourcing. This presentation was given at the OCWC Global 2009 Conference in Monterrey, Mexico on April 23, 2009.
OWL faces barriers to adoption such as complexity that intimidates developers without formal logic training. Its roadmap and requirements for research are unclear. However, OWL will not fail because it greatly improves previous knowledge representation languages, has a talented growing community, and specification through W3C provides legitimacy despite current performance issues.
The document discusses the concept of media convergence, which refers to the merging of computing, telecommunications, and media in a digital environment. It outlines several implications of convergence, including the nonlinear and interactive nature of content, increased media consumption and participation from the public, changes in the balance of power between media organizations and users, pressures on media organizations from social and economic forces, and changes to the work of communications professionals.
Social Media and Government: The Big(ger) PictureAxel Bruns
Social media provides opportunities for government engagement but also challenges. Government should engage with social media communities by being open, seeding discussions, and supporting community dynamics rather than exploiting users. Both using existing platforms and building custom platforms each have advantages and disadvantages. Broad communities may be harder to manage but include more voices, while specialist communities can engage existing groups but risk being exclusive. Different models of government-citizen interaction through social media include services integration, online portals, and facilitating self-managing communities. Successful initiatives often start small with a manageable topic or community.
Introduction to Digital Media - Workshop for UNDP - Environment & EnergyYolanda Ma Jinxin
This is the first session of the digital media workshops I delivered at United Nations Development Programme (Beijing Office), to its Environment and Energy Team.
Horizon Project Introduction for StudentsJulie Lindsay
The document introduces The Horizon Project, a global collaborative project for classrooms to study emerging technologies and their potential impact on education. It identifies six key trends - user-created content, social networking, mobile phones, virtual worlds, new forms of scholarship, and educational gaming. For the project, students will be assigned to teams to study and produce content about one trend, including developing a wiki and individual multimedia artifacts. The goal is for students to envision how each trend could impact the future of education.
SCOOTER UKOER V Rolfe OER11_conferenceVivien Rolfe
The document summarizes the SCOOTER project which aims to build an online community around open educational resources (OERs) about sickle cell and thalassaemia using social networking tools. In the first 5 months, social networks referred 30% of over 1,500 visitors to the SCOOTER website and SCOOTER OERs received over 4,000 views on networks like Posterous and YouTube. While the community is currently mostly passive users, the project aims to encourage more active engagement to help sustain the resources beyond the initial project. Both online networks and offline networking are important for building a vibrant community to drive the long-term sustainability of the OERs.
Building eduCommons Sustainability Through Social SourcingTom Caswell
A presentation on current efforts to move eduCommons (an open source OpenCourseWare content management system) from a grant-funded project to a community supported development model called social sourcing. This presentation was given at the OCWC Global 2009 Conference in Monterrey, Mexico on April 23, 2009.
OWL faces barriers to adoption such as complexity that intimidates developers without formal logic training. Its roadmap and requirements for research are unclear. However, OWL will not fail because it greatly improves previous knowledge representation languages, has a talented growing community, and specification through W3C provides legitimacy despite current performance issues.
The document discusses the concept of media convergence, which refers to the merging of computing, telecommunications, and media in a digital environment. It outlines several implications of convergence, including the nonlinear and interactive nature of content, increased media consumption and participation from the public, changes in the balance of power between media organizations and users, pressures on media organizations from social and economic forces, and changes to the work of communications professionals.
Social Media and Government: The Big(ger) PictureAxel Bruns
Social media provides opportunities for government engagement but also challenges. Government should engage with social media communities by being open, seeding discussions, and supporting community dynamics rather than exploiting users. Both using existing platforms and building custom platforms each have advantages and disadvantages. Broad communities may be harder to manage but include more voices, while specialist communities can engage existing groups but risk being exclusive. Different models of government-citizen interaction through social media include services integration, online portals, and facilitating self-managing communities. Successful initiatives often start small with a manageable topic or community.
Introduction to Digital Media - Workshop for UNDP - Environment & EnergyYolanda Ma Jinxin
This is the first session of the digital media workshops I delivered at United Nations Development Programme (Beijing Office), to its Environment and Energy Team.
Horizon Project Introduction for StudentsJulie Lindsay
The document introduces The Horizon Project, a global collaborative project for classrooms to study emerging technologies and their potential impact on education. It identifies six key trends - user-created content, social networking, mobile phones, virtual worlds, new forms of scholarship, and educational gaming. For the project, students will be assigned to teams to study and produce content about one trend, including developing a wiki and individual multimedia artifacts. The goal is for students to envision how each trend could impact the future of education.
SCOOTER UKOER V Rolfe OER11_conferenceVivien Rolfe
The document summarizes the SCOOTER project which aims to build an online community around open educational resources (OERs) about sickle cell and thalassaemia using social networking tools. In the first 5 months, social networks referred 30% of over 1,500 visitors to the SCOOTER website and SCOOTER OERs received over 4,000 views on networks like Posterous and YouTube. While the community is currently mostly passive users, the project aims to encourage more active engagement to help sustain the resources beyond the initial project. Both online networks and offline networking are important for building a vibrant community to drive the long-term sustainability of the OERs.
The document discusses the use of next generation technologies and community development processes to build sustainable communities of practice for educational technology development projects. It notes that developing projects with an awareness of the wider field through social networking can improve project quality and benefits. The Emerge Project used Web 2.0 technologies and an Appreciative Inquiry approach to intentionally create positive change through a user-centered research-led community network. Sustainable communities require a balance between individual autonomy and institutional control.
Day 1 Change Agents' Network Event Birmingham March 17-18 Ellen Lessner
This document summarizes the agenda for Day 1 of the Change Agents' Network event in Birmingham. The day included sessions on principles of student engagement, sharing experiences of student-staff partnership projects, and shaping the future of the Change Agents' Network. Attendees provided input on how the Network can best support partnership working through surveys and an ideas wall. The day aimed to facilitate sharing of practices and identify barriers and successes in student-staff partnerships.
The document summarizes a thesis that evaluated a social visualization tool called Stepgreen.org, which allows users to commit to green actions and view personal and social savings. The thesis conducted a study comparing users who saw only personal feedback versus social feedback showing community performance. Users seeing social feedback fulfilled more actions, suggesting social visualization can motivate sustainable behavior. Future work could explore competitive elements and applying this approach to other collective goals like voting, education, and healthcare.
A Michael Social Networking Panel AIP 032510v2Ann Michael
This document discusses how social networks can be used to support membership organizations like scientific societies. It notes that social networks and societies both aim to promote knowledge, educate, collaborate, and engage communities. Social networks provide new ways for multi-directional communication and connection beyond traditional channels. The document provides examples of social networking platforms and strategies for societies to get started, including developing objectives, engagement plans, and metrics to measure impact on awareness, program development, and member support.
Rewiring Our Workplace: Going Social & Collaborating Across the BoundariesCollabforge
Organisations are moving past the question, "should we adopt new technologies and practices to support collaboration?", but are still struggling to understand how. This presentation provides some key insights and tips in this journey.
Online Collaboration in the Workplace: Going Social and Collaborating Across...Collabforge
Online collaboration in the workplace allows for scalable participation beyond physical constraints, bridging distances within and outside an organization. It differs from external social media in that it challenges but extends established company structures and hierarchies while maintaining business processes and virtual "walls". To build online communities and scale collaboration, organizations should establish a shared vision to guide active contribution towards shared goals and outcomes, maintain coherence as new participants introduce dissonance, and start small while focusing on meaningful interactions and purpose. Online collaboration can be supported through technologies that reflect strategic habits, continuous experimentation and iterative prototyping of new and existing tools, and explicit sharing of captured learnings.
The document discusses AIDS.gov's transition to responsive design between 2006-2012. It summarizes key steps including launching a mobile site in 2010, adding responsive features to campaigns in 2011, and completing a fully responsive redesign in 2012. The reasons for responsive design included the rise of mobile access and need to serve diverse audiences. It provides tips on standards, testing devices, and making content work across screens. Drupal modules are mentioned as tools for building responsive sites in Drupal.
The document summarizes a Learning Labs grantee convening project involving the San Francisco Public Library, KQED, BAVC, and the California Academy of Sciences. The project aims to explore new models of youth participation and leadership through STEAM and media production. Progress includes selecting a 5,000 square foot learning lab space and conducting pilot projects. Both opportunities and challenges around youth participation, partnerships, and communication were discussed. Next steps include designing the space with teens, evaluating online platforms, redesigning the teen website, and expanding partnerships.
Presentation slides from talk given at xHub Addis on May 21, 2014.
Abstract: http://www.slideshare.net/kludewig/2014-05-kathleenxhubaddis
PDF of whiteboard notes: https://www.slideshare.net/kludewig/2014-05-21xhubaddistrainingwhiteboard
The document proposes creating a Livestock and Poultry Environmental Learning Community (LPELC) to build on an existing website and expand it with new participatory learning features. The LPELC would harness the knowledge of its target audience through discussion forums, social networking, and collaborative learning opportunities. It aims to encourage learners to both consume and contribute knowledge. The proposal argues this innovative community approach could effectively educate its audience and evaluate environmental impacts.
This document summarizes a workshop on using social media for health care practitioners. It defines social media as using the internet to instantly share information and have conversations. It lists statistics on online health information searching and product purchasing. It presents a model ("The Social Technographics Ladder") that categorizes levels of social media participation from creators to inactives. Examples are given of social media use by health organizations in York Region, including blogs, wikis, and online networks. Resources for using social media in health care and non-profits are provided. The presentation aims to provide strategies for health services to engage customers and patients through social media.
This document discusses collaboration in education through online means. It provides examples of journals and resources on topics like virtual mentoring between teachers, collaboration in electronic learning communities, and teaching and learning in an online environment. Websites are referenced that enable collaboration projects for educators and provide digital opportunities for students. In conclusion, online collaboration is important for today's society as it allows interaction within and across communities through virtual tools and resources.
This document discusses collaboration in education through online means. It provides examples of journals and resources on topics like virtual mentoring between teachers, collaboration in electronic learning communities, and teaching and learning in an online environment. Links are provided to websites with tools and initiatives for online collaboration and digital opportunities for students. In conclusion, the document states that online collaboration is important in today's world as it allows students to interact within their community and beyond through virtual means.
My final presentation done for EDUC 8841. This presentation was not created with the intent to show it to the board of Penta. The presentation followed a rubric with specific guidelines and specifications.
Approaches to Effective Online Knowledge SharingPeggy D'Adamo
The document discusses approaches to effective online knowledge sharing based on experiences from USAID projects. It provides recommendations on determining useful content, formatting content, developing and publishing new content models, verifying content, keeping content up-to-date, and monitoring content usage.
This document discusses educational networking and how it can be used for growth in education. It defines educational networking as a digitally connected group of teachers, students, and other stakeholders with similar interests who share resources, experiences, and expertise to achieve common academic goals through online platforms. Some benefits of educational networking include staying connected to updates in one's field, engaging learners outside traditional boundaries, and facilitating professional growth. Risks like privacy issues and cyber threats must also be considered. Overall, educational networking allows educators to collaborate and learn from one another to enhance teaching and learning outcomes.
Connecting Global and Local: Using Open Data to Convey Climate Change Risks,...JackTownsend
This document discusses using open data to communicate climate change risks and opportunities for mitigation and adaptation. It notes that while climate change requires global action, people need to feel connected to and motivated by the issue. Interactive visualizations using open data have potential to empower users to understand climate risks relevant to their lives. Further research is needed on how open knowledge can support renewable energy deployment and international development. While useful, data visualizations also need to avoid false impressions and engage people without existing interest in climate change.
This document provides an agenda and notes for an Open Course Library (OCL) All-Hands meeting in December 2010. The agenda includes updates on the OCL project timeline and support resources, demonstrations of tools like Tegrity lecture sharing, and updates from various teams on their work including instructional designers, librarians, and accessibility. It outlines deliverables and deadlines for OCL course development and encourages participants to discuss challenges and additional support needs.
This document discusses open educational resources (OER) and the Open Course Library project in Washington State. It summarizes that:
1) High textbook costs reduce access to higher education, with students spending over $1,000 per year. The Open Course Library aims to lower these costs to under $30 per course.
2) The Open Course Library project will develop 81 high-enrollment courses and make them freely available online under Creative Commons licenses. This could save students over $7 million per year if 25% of courses use the resources.
3) Openly licensing educational content produced with public funds can help increase access, quality, and completion rates in higher education while making more efficient use of resources.
This document discusses open education policy in Washington State. It outlines challenges in higher education around textbook costs, time to degree, and completion rates that could be addressed through open education opportunities. The document proposes several strategies for advancing open education, including developing an open course library, adopting open textbooks, and leveraging existing governance structures between community colleges to share digital resources and designs. The goal is to lower costs for students while maintaining or improving educational outcomes.
The Open Course Library is a project to design and share 81 high-enrollment gateway courses across Washington state community and technical colleges to improve completion rates and lower textbook costs for students. Phase 1 made 42 courses available in 2011 using various tools, while Phase 2 will deliver 39 more courses in 2013 using Google Docs for a more collaborative design process. Adopting the free open educational resources from these courses could save students up to $41 million per year in textbook costs if 25% of faculty adopt them. Lessons from Phase 1 informed improvements to project timelines and use of a single collaborative tool for Phase 2.
This document provides information on finding open educational resources (OER) for the Open Course Library. It lists several websites where openly licensed images, video, and other materials can be found, including search.creativecommons.org, oercommons.org, cnx.org, saylor.org, and oerglue.com/courses. It also mentions checking with a librarian or creating original content if suitable resources cannot be found.
The document discusses the use of next generation technologies and community development processes to build sustainable communities of practice for educational technology development projects. It notes that developing projects with an awareness of the wider field through social networking can improve project quality and benefits. The Emerge Project used Web 2.0 technologies and an Appreciative Inquiry approach to intentionally create positive change through a user-centered research-led community network. Sustainable communities require a balance between individual autonomy and institutional control.
Day 1 Change Agents' Network Event Birmingham March 17-18 Ellen Lessner
This document summarizes the agenda for Day 1 of the Change Agents' Network event in Birmingham. The day included sessions on principles of student engagement, sharing experiences of student-staff partnership projects, and shaping the future of the Change Agents' Network. Attendees provided input on how the Network can best support partnership working through surveys and an ideas wall. The day aimed to facilitate sharing of practices and identify barriers and successes in student-staff partnerships.
The document summarizes a thesis that evaluated a social visualization tool called Stepgreen.org, which allows users to commit to green actions and view personal and social savings. The thesis conducted a study comparing users who saw only personal feedback versus social feedback showing community performance. Users seeing social feedback fulfilled more actions, suggesting social visualization can motivate sustainable behavior. Future work could explore competitive elements and applying this approach to other collective goals like voting, education, and healthcare.
A Michael Social Networking Panel AIP 032510v2Ann Michael
This document discusses how social networks can be used to support membership organizations like scientific societies. It notes that social networks and societies both aim to promote knowledge, educate, collaborate, and engage communities. Social networks provide new ways for multi-directional communication and connection beyond traditional channels. The document provides examples of social networking platforms and strategies for societies to get started, including developing objectives, engagement plans, and metrics to measure impact on awareness, program development, and member support.
Rewiring Our Workplace: Going Social & Collaborating Across the BoundariesCollabforge
Organisations are moving past the question, "should we adopt new technologies and practices to support collaboration?", but are still struggling to understand how. This presentation provides some key insights and tips in this journey.
Online Collaboration in the Workplace: Going Social and Collaborating Across...Collabforge
Online collaboration in the workplace allows for scalable participation beyond physical constraints, bridging distances within and outside an organization. It differs from external social media in that it challenges but extends established company structures and hierarchies while maintaining business processes and virtual "walls". To build online communities and scale collaboration, organizations should establish a shared vision to guide active contribution towards shared goals and outcomes, maintain coherence as new participants introduce dissonance, and start small while focusing on meaningful interactions and purpose. Online collaboration can be supported through technologies that reflect strategic habits, continuous experimentation and iterative prototyping of new and existing tools, and explicit sharing of captured learnings.
The document discusses AIDS.gov's transition to responsive design between 2006-2012. It summarizes key steps including launching a mobile site in 2010, adding responsive features to campaigns in 2011, and completing a fully responsive redesign in 2012. The reasons for responsive design included the rise of mobile access and need to serve diverse audiences. It provides tips on standards, testing devices, and making content work across screens. Drupal modules are mentioned as tools for building responsive sites in Drupal.
The document summarizes a Learning Labs grantee convening project involving the San Francisco Public Library, KQED, BAVC, and the California Academy of Sciences. The project aims to explore new models of youth participation and leadership through STEAM and media production. Progress includes selecting a 5,000 square foot learning lab space and conducting pilot projects. Both opportunities and challenges around youth participation, partnerships, and communication were discussed. Next steps include designing the space with teens, evaluating online platforms, redesigning the teen website, and expanding partnerships.
Presentation slides from talk given at xHub Addis on May 21, 2014.
Abstract: http://www.slideshare.net/kludewig/2014-05-kathleenxhubaddis
PDF of whiteboard notes: https://www.slideshare.net/kludewig/2014-05-21xhubaddistrainingwhiteboard
The document proposes creating a Livestock and Poultry Environmental Learning Community (LPELC) to build on an existing website and expand it with new participatory learning features. The LPELC would harness the knowledge of its target audience through discussion forums, social networking, and collaborative learning opportunities. It aims to encourage learners to both consume and contribute knowledge. The proposal argues this innovative community approach could effectively educate its audience and evaluate environmental impacts.
This document summarizes a workshop on using social media for health care practitioners. It defines social media as using the internet to instantly share information and have conversations. It lists statistics on online health information searching and product purchasing. It presents a model ("The Social Technographics Ladder") that categorizes levels of social media participation from creators to inactives. Examples are given of social media use by health organizations in York Region, including blogs, wikis, and online networks. Resources for using social media in health care and non-profits are provided. The presentation aims to provide strategies for health services to engage customers and patients through social media.
This document discusses collaboration in education through online means. It provides examples of journals and resources on topics like virtual mentoring between teachers, collaboration in electronic learning communities, and teaching and learning in an online environment. Websites are referenced that enable collaboration projects for educators and provide digital opportunities for students. In conclusion, online collaboration is important for today's society as it allows interaction within and across communities through virtual tools and resources.
This document discusses collaboration in education through online means. It provides examples of journals and resources on topics like virtual mentoring between teachers, collaboration in electronic learning communities, and teaching and learning in an online environment. Links are provided to websites with tools and initiatives for online collaboration and digital opportunities for students. In conclusion, the document states that online collaboration is important in today's world as it allows students to interact within their community and beyond through virtual means.
My final presentation done for EDUC 8841. This presentation was not created with the intent to show it to the board of Penta. The presentation followed a rubric with specific guidelines and specifications.
Approaches to Effective Online Knowledge SharingPeggy D'Adamo
The document discusses approaches to effective online knowledge sharing based on experiences from USAID projects. It provides recommendations on determining useful content, formatting content, developing and publishing new content models, verifying content, keeping content up-to-date, and monitoring content usage.
This document discusses educational networking and how it can be used for growth in education. It defines educational networking as a digitally connected group of teachers, students, and other stakeholders with similar interests who share resources, experiences, and expertise to achieve common academic goals through online platforms. Some benefits of educational networking include staying connected to updates in one's field, engaging learners outside traditional boundaries, and facilitating professional growth. Risks like privacy issues and cyber threats must also be considered. Overall, educational networking allows educators to collaborate and learn from one another to enhance teaching and learning outcomes.
Connecting Global and Local: Using Open Data to Convey Climate Change Risks,...JackTownsend
This document discusses using open data to communicate climate change risks and opportunities for mitigation and adaptation. It notes that while climate change requires global action, people need to feel connected to and motivated by the issue. Interactive visualizations using open data have potential to empower users to understand climate risks relevant to their lives. Further research is needed on how open knowledge can support renewable energy deployment and international development. While useful, data visualizations also need to avoid false impressions and engage people without existing interest in climate change.
This document provides an agenda and notes for an Open Course Library (OCL) All-Hands meeting in December 2010. The agenda includes updates on the OCL project timeline and support resources, demonstrations of tools like Tegrity lecture sharing, and updates from various teams on their work including instructional designers, librarians, and accessibility. It outlines deliverables and deadlines for OCL course development and encourages participants to discuss challenges and additional support needs.
This document discusses open educational resources (OER) and the Open Course Library project in Washington State. It summarizes that:
1) High textbook costs reduce access to higher education, with students spending over $1,000 per year. The Open Course Library aims to lower these costs to under $30 per course.
2) The Open Course Library project will develop 81 high-enrollment courses and make them freely available online under Creative Commons licenses. This could save students over $7 million per year if 25% of courses use the resources.
3) Openly licensing educational content produced with public funds can help increase access, quality, and completion rates in higher education while making more efficient use of resources.
This document discusses open education policy in Washington State. It outlines challenges in higher education around textbook costs, time to degree, and completion rates that could be addressed through open education opportunities. The document proposes several strategies for advancing open education, including developing an open course library, adopting open textbooks, and leveraging existing governance structures between community colleges to share digital resources and designs. The goal is to lower costs for students while maintaining or improving educational outcomes.
The Open Course Library is a project to design and share 81 high-enrollment gateway courses across Washington state community and technical colleges to improve completion rates and lower textbook costs for students. Phase 1 made 42 courses available in 2011 using various tools, while Phase 2 will deliver 39 more courses in 2013 using Google Docs for a more collaborative design process. Adopting the free open educational resources from these courses could save students up to $41 million per year in textbook costs if 25% of faculty adopt them. Lessons from Phase 1 informed improvements to project timelines and use of a single collaborative tool for Phase 2.
This document provides information on finding open educational resources (OER) for the Open Course Library. It lists several websites where openly licensed images, video, and other materials can be found, including search.creativecommons.org, oercommons.org, cnx.org, saylor.org, and oerglue.com/courses. It also mentions checking with a librarian or creating original content if suitable resources cannot be found.
Examining the impact of Open Course Library adoption on teaching practice and...Tom Caswell
The document summarizes research being conducted on the adoption of Open Course Library (OCL) materials by colleges in Washington state. The research aims to understand how OCL materials are being used, barriers to adoption, and the impact on student success. Preliminary findings from focus groups and interviews with faculty who adopted OCL materials found that they liked the pre-packaged materials and cost savings, but others faced barriers like materials residing in ANGEL and lack of support. Keys to successful adoption included communities of users, continuous improvement, and connections to authors. The implementation plan proposes building an OER hub, advisory group, workshops, and atmosphere welcoming OER use.
Aect2008: Web2.0 To Support Teaching and LearningTom Caswell
This document discusses how Web 2.0 technologies can support teaching and learning. It introduces key concepts like static versus dynamic content and gives examples of Web 2.0 tools like blogs, wikis, RSS feeds, and social networks. These technologies allow for more collaboration and interaction online in a way that mimics real-world classrooms. The document provides contact information for the authors to learn more about using Web 2.0 to enhance education.
Tom Caswell presented on open educational resources (OER) and their potential to increase access to higher education while lowering costs. He discussed the "iron triangle" of higher education where improving one factor like access negatively impacts quality or cost. However, OER which are openly licensed educational materials that can be freely used and adapted, may help break this constraint. By openly licensing educational content created with public funds, OER allow for non-rivalrous distribution at nearly zero cost, benefiting both students and institutions. The Washington State Board has launched an Open Course Library of OER for high-enrollment courses to reduce costs and improve student outcomes.
Open Assessments and OERs as Enablers in Competency-Based Education Tom Caswell
Call for Demos for the X International UOC UNESCO Chair Seminar
Title: Open Assessments and OERs as Enablers in Competency-Based Education
Tom Caswell, Helix Education
Brandon Muramatsu, MIT
It has been said that if you are measuring seat time rather than competency then you are measuring the wrong end of the student. Competency-based education has received a great deal of attention as a disruptive innovation that promises to raise quality and lower the cost of higher education. EDUCAUSE defines competency-based education (CBE) as awarding academic credit based on mastery of clearly defined competencies. In traditional higher education time is fixed and learning varies, which is why students receive grades at the end of a quarter or semester. Contrast this with competency-based education, where learning is fixed and time varies for each student. But if time varies then how do students know when they are done? Assessments play a central role in CBE because student performance must be measured against set standards.
While there are vast repositories of OERs, relatively few come with assessments to validate knowledge or check for understanding. In this demo we will show the Open Embedded Assessment (OEA) tool developed by MIT and Open Tapestry. Open Assessment complements existing OER efforts with tools to allow instructors to embed assessments in any OER, thereby providing students with a richer learning experience. Faculty can also create shared collections of assessment items with other faculty. We will demonstrate the current state of Open Embedded Assessments as both a formative and a summative tool. We will discuss the opportunities and challenges of a CBE implementation.
As more institutions explore competency-based education the need for an open infrastructure will grow. Helix Education is developing CBE courses using OERs to show what is possible within the Helix platform. Open Embeddable Assessments allow OERs to be leveraged into richer learning environments. Enhanced with Open Embeddable Assessments, these environments can provide valuable information back to students, faculty, and instructional designers. This data can expose gaps and deficiencies in the course -- areas that should be strengthened. And with open content the opportunity for data-driven improvement can be fully realized because the OERs can be legally modified. Together, Open Embeddable Assessments and OERs create a virtuous cycle of continuous improvement that can serve competency-based education well.
Building and Communicating Evidence of Effectiveness in OER through Collectiv...Robert Farrow
Much of the evidence surrounding the use (and re-use) of OER is fragmentary or anecdotal. The OLnet project has developed a software tool for effectively gathering, sharing and judging the evidence around key issues of OER. The Evidence Hub distills key insights from the cloud of discussion and opinion creating a thematically indexed, structured ecosystem of organisations, project, issues, recommendations and evidence for the use of those who form the Open Education movement. In this presentation we explain the key concepts behind the Evidence Hub and some of its possible uses.
This document discusses networks and network leadership. It provides an overview of characteristics of healthy networks, including value, trust, diversity, participation, form, leadership, governance, connection, capacity, and learning/adaptation. It then discusses the mindset of network leadership versus organizational leadership. Some key roles in network leadership are organizer, weaver, funder, and facilitator/coordinator. Effective network leaders convene diverse groups, engage participants, broker connections, build social capital, and nurture self-organization. Some challenges they face include unlearning old frameworks and letting go of control.
How To Integrate Social Media into Quinnipiac University LifeWilliam Wallace
How can social media be improved? In this faux presentation to the Quinnipiac school board my team developed different concepts and ways to integrate Social Media into the Quinnipiac culture without detracting from the educational experience.
New Castle County - Social Media PrimerRobert Ford
This document discusses social media and provides examples of how organizations are using social media. It begins with definitions of social media and reasons for using social media such as increasing collaboration and improving communication. It then provides statistics on social media usage by age group and demographics. Examples are given of how government agencies like FEMA and NIH are using social media for initiatives like raising awareness and sharing health information. The document concludes with a case study of how the Department of Homeland Security uses an internal social media platform called IdeaFactory to engage employees.
This document discusses social media and provides examples of how organizations are using social media. It begins with definitions of social media and reasons for using social media such as increasing collaboration and improving communication. It then provides statistics on social media usage by age group and demographics. Examples are given of how government agencies like FEMA and NIH are using social media for initiatives like raising awareness and sharing health information. The document concludes with a case study of how the Department of Homeland Security uses an internal social media platform called IdeaFactory to engage employees.
Not Your Grandparents’ or Great-grandparents' ExensionAnne Adrian
Presentation for a guest lecture in a a graduate level Extension Methods class.
A blog post explanation the points in more detal can be found http://blog.anneadrian.com/2014/04/guest-lecture-on-extension-engagement.html
This document provides an agenda for a class on social networks for social change. The class will cover network basics, understanding networks, characteristics of healthy networks, online networks and social media, and network leadership and mindset. It includes definitions of networks and discusses how networks have been used to build community, engage people, advocate for policy change, coordinate resources, develop and share knowledge, innovate, and get initiatives to scale. It also outlines characteristics of healthy networks such as value, participation, form, leadership, governance, connection, capacity, and learning/adaptation. The class will discuss how social media tools are being used increasingly in the social sector.
How collaboration can change the world Ayelet Baron
The document discusses how collaboration is changing the world through increased connectivity. It notes that in the past, people and information were not well connected, but that has changed with technologies that allow people to connect to both information and each other online. It describes how social networks like Facebook have enabled unprecedented rates of user growth. The document advocates that collaboration through shared tools and a culture that values input from various sources can improve business performance and reinvent industries like healthcare, education, and retail.
Global Redirective Practices: an online workshop for a clientSean Connolly
This slidedeck is an exhaustive report consisting of research in sociological literature, user research in focus groups, competitive analysis of similar tools, and, designing for a client with no money and no technical ability.
[Because this was a presentation, much of the information is supplied by the presenter. Critical information of the presentation has been added to the slide deck as 'Notes:']
grantcloud presentation for MassChallenge 2010Lee Wright
This short presentation was given on July 16, 2010 by Lee Wright and Adam Duston as part of MassChallenge 2010 judging.
grantcloud was envisioned as a web-based tool that would bring together current information from thousands of sources, along with historical data and community insight to help organizations identify, track, manage, and secure grants that provide new sources of funding for their initiatives.
This project did not advance in MassChallenge and we chose not to pursue it.
Lee's current projects include The History List (www.TheHistoryList.com), a platform for publicizing history-related sites and organizations across the country, and eventicize (www.eventicize.com), a tool for leveraging your social network to raise awareness of your events.
Emerge is a 28-month, JISC-funded project involving over 28 institutions and 210 participants. The project aims to support the formation of an effective and sustainable community of practice around the Users and Innovation Development Model using Web 2.0 technologies. Emerge provides a platform for sharing ideas and resources to improve educational technology development projects through community development processes and social networking. The future of Emerge envisions continuing the community as a space for sharing practices and ideas related to learning technologies and serving as a front-end for people working in educational technology development.
The document summarizes the research project of five students on common social media platforms used by businesses. The students formed a team to research platforms like Facebook, LinkedIn, Foursquare, and conducted surveys and interviews. They developed a website to provide relevant and up-to-date information and advantages of using social media for businesses. The website includes summaries of key platforms, marketing tips, statistics, and feedback from businesses and users.
Meeting hosted by Leadership Learning Community and Monitor Institute. More info here:
http://www.leadershipforanewera.org/page/Leadership+and+Neworks+Bay+Area+Circle+January+31%2C+2011
The document summarizes a workshop on network health and lifecycles. It discusses characteristics of healthy networks, strategies for strengthening networks, and how networks progress through different stages. The goals of the workshop series are to help participants strengthen their networks and apply principles of network theory.
Power and Politics
MGB 301
Professor KiYoung Lee
Announcement
• Display name tents
• Final team project
– Email Ronald the name of the organization your group chose
by Monday Apr 10, 6:00pm
– Submit one page summary of your project though UBlearns by
Friday Apr 14, 6:00pm.
– Sign up for meeting on Monday Apr 17. At the end of the
class, let me know the time your group wants to meet with me
or Ronald.
2
Power
• Power
– The capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B so
that B acts in accordance with A’s wishes
• ___________: the key to power
– B is dependent on A when A possesses something that B
requires
– Dependence increases when the resource you control is:
• Important
• Scarce
• Nonsubstitutable
3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2PjZAeiU7uM&list=PLZbXA4lyCtqp3QeQqHel-UoUErzCSSctn
Bases of Power: Formal Power
• Established by an individual’s
position in an organization
• Legitimate Power
– The formal authority to control and
use resources based on a person’s
position in the formal hierarchy
• Coercive Power
– A power base dependent on fear of
negative results
– Ultimately, you can't build credibility
with this type of power
– Negatively related to satisfaction and
commitment.
• Reward Power
– Compliance achieved based on the
ability to distribute rewards that
others view as valuable 4
Bases of Power: Personal Power
• Power that comes from an individual’s unique characteristics
– Expert Power: based on special skills or knowledge
– _________ Power
• based on identification with an individual who has desirable resources or
personal traits
• Out of admiration of another and a desire to be like that person (with
charisma, integrity, and other positive qualities)
• These are more effective form of power than formal power
influencing satisfaction with supervision, org’l commitment,
and performance. 5
Power Tactics
• Power Tactics
– Ways in which individuals translate power bases into
specific actions
• Legitimacy
• Rational persuasion*
• Inspirational appeals*
• Consultation*
• Exchange
• Personal appeals
• Ingratiation
• Pressure
• Coalitions
* Most effective
(Pressure is the least effective)
6
How Power Affects People
• Power leads people to place their own interests ahead of others.
• The powerful pay less attention to others, so are more
vulnerable to stereotyping (Fiske, 1993).
• The powerful impose more strict moral standards on others than
themselves.
• It is important that organizations help leaders feel socially
connected with subordinates, and develop empathy. Hiring
leaders with moral identity is also advised.
13-7
7
• Power can energize and increase
approach motivation.
- Act powerful to be powerful and successful
(3:40-)
http://www.ted.com/talks/amy_cuddy_your_body_language_shapes_who_you_are?language=en
Politics: Power in Action
• Political Behavior
– Activities that are not required as part of one’s formal role
in the organizatio.
This document discusses the concept of a "network mindset" for philanthropy. It notes that while the world is becoming more networked due to factors like new technologies and globalization, philanthropy practices have remained largely unchanged. It explores what working with a network mindset could look like, involving openness, decentralized decision-making, and collective action. Some challenges of this approach are also outlined, such as information overload and managing accuracy. The document provides examples of how a network mindset could fuel social change by weaving communities, accessing diverse perspectives, building and sharing knowledge, mobilizing people, and coordinating resources and action. It concludes with tips for getting started with a network approach.
1. The document discusses designing an online collaborative workshop for graduate students based on a client's request.
2. It analyzes various online collaborative tools and recommends the social networking platform Ning, which could be customized to the client's needs through a mock-up prototype.
3. The analysis is informed by literature on building online communities and collaboration as well as focus groups with graduate students.
Impacting The Community With The 2007 Horizon Reporttracyl
The document summarizes the New Media Consortium's 2007 Horizon Report. It describes how the report identifies emerging technologies that will impact higher education over the next 1-5 years. It also discusses how the report has been used by various communities to discuss implications of new technologies and spark knowledge sharing about trends in education. Research was conducted using sources like tagging sites, websites, blogs, videos and slide presentations to understand the report's impact.
The Open Course Library: Disrupting the $200 TextbookTom Caswell
The presentation discusses the Open Course Library project, which aims to lower student textbook costs in Washington State community and technical colleges. It was initiated with grants from the state board and Gates Foundation to develop high-quality online course materials for 82 high-enrollment courses. The project goals are to lower costs to under $30 per course, improve student success rates, provide new open resources for faculty, and promote a culture of open educational resources. The presentation outlines strategies to promote adoption, challenges faced, and early successes showing student savings. It concludes with a discussion of the ongoing work to expand the use of open educational resources.
This document summarizes a presentation about how digital content and open licensing can increase access to education. It discusses how copyright traditionally forbid sharing knowledge digitally but how Creative Commons licenses allow open sharing. When content is both digital and openly licensed through Creative Commons, it lowers costs, increases access, and improves quality by allowing free copying, distribution, and editing. Examples of open initiatives like open course libraries and MIT OpenCourseWare are given that aim to reduce costs and improve learning through open sharing of educational resources.
Engaging with Open Educational ResourcesTom Caswell
This document discusses engaging with open educational resources (OER). It summarizes the SBCTC Open Course Library project, which aims to design and share 81 high-enrollment courses using OER to improve completion rates and lower textbook costs for students. The first 42 courses were released in 2011 and saved students over $1 million in textbook costs in the first year. Lessons from the project include using collaborative tools and building open sharing into teaching workflows and technologies going forward. The document provides recommendations for where to find openly licensed materials like images and videos as well as search for open educational resources.
This document discusses open educational resources and Tom Caswell's work promoting their use. It summarizes the Cape Town Open Education Declaration of making education available to hundreds of millions. It outlines Washington's strategic plan to provide online learning tools and its open licensing policy. The Open Course Library project aims to design open courses, lower costs, and engage colleges in open discussions. The first 42 courses were released, saving students over $1 million in textbook costs in the first year.
Deliverables, timelines, and research - OCL2 kickoffTom Caswell
The document summarizes the goals and timeline of the Open Course Library project. The project aims to design and share high enrollment college courses, improve completion rates, lower textbook costs to $30 or less, and engage colleges in open educational resources. Phase 1 launched 42 courses in 2011 and Phase 2 will provide 19 additional courses in mid-2013. The project will study the impact of the open courses on student retention, course choices influenced by low-cost materials, and faculty teaching practices.
The Open Course Library: Bridging the Gap Between LMS and OCWTom Caswell
The Open Course Library project aims to design and share 81 high-enrollment college courses using open educational resources to lower costs for students. The project is building the courses using a single workflow where faculty authors create a master course and open course simultaneously within the learning management system. This integrated approach helps ensure the open courses are sustainably updated. By making quality course materials openly available, the project expects to increase access and completion rates while saving students up to $41 million annually in textbook costs. Lessons from the first phase of the project highlighted the need for collaboration tools beyond the LMS to more easily share draft course content between author teams.
From Shared To Open: The Evolution of Open Education in Washington StateTom Caswell
The document summarizes the evolution of open education in Washington State. It describes how the community and technical colleges initially shared a student management system and online courses. It then discusses the creation of WashingtonOnline to pool enrollments across colleges. More recently, the state board adopted policies to promote open licensing of digital resources and the creation of an Open Course Library to lower textbook costs and improve student success. The goal is to make efficient use of public funds and increase access to high-quality educational materials.
Going Open: Lessons Learned from the Open Course LibraryTom Caswell
This document summarizes lessons learned from developing an Open Course Library (OCL) in Washington state. The OCL aims to provide free open educational resources for 81 high-enrollment college courses to improve access and lower costs. In Phase 1, faculty expressed concerns about using different websites and learning management systems. In Phase 2, collaboration improved by using Google Docs in one shared website. Overall, open resources can help more students learn better by increasing access to customizable, scalable materials. Challenges remain in tracking adoption, addressing copyright issues, and developing versioning and publishing tools to support open content.
How Open Educational Resources and Digital Technologies are Changing Higher E...Tom Caswell
This document discusses how open educational resources (OER) and digital technologies can help break the "iron triangle" of higher education by lowering costs, increasing access, and maintaining quality. It outlines the current challenges of high textbook costs and limited access to education. By adopting open licenses for publicly-funded educational content and sharing resources through initiatives like Open Course Library, institutions can leverage digital technologies to improve affordability and scalability while benefiting students. The goal is to explore more sustainable models for higher education using open, networked approaches.
Connecting College Faculty to Open Content Repositories: Challenges and Oppor...Tom Caswell
The document discusses an open course library project that aims to lower textbook costs for students in Washington state. The project will provide openly licensed curriculum for 81 high-enrollment college courses. Faculty will design the courses, which will be available on an open online platform. The goals are to improve course completion rates by increasing affordability and engaging faculty in open educational resources. Over 400,000 students could save over $40 million annually in textbook costs if 25% of course sections adopt the open materials. Challenges include measuring adoption rates and addressing copyright and technical issues, while opportunities exist to improve course design and accessibility.
Open Course Library: Working with Connexions to Increase ImpactTom Caswell
The Open Course Library is designing and sharing 81 high-enrollment gateway courses for lower costs and improved completion rates. The courses will be available in phases, with 42 courses in Phase 1 from 2010-2011 and the remaining 39 courses in Phase 2 from 2011-2012. The Open Course Library aims to increase impact internally through the community college system and externally via the Connexions repository and other standards.
Student Journalism 2.0: Testing New Models for Participatory Learning in the ...Tom Caswell
The document discusses a Creative Commons project called Student Journalism 2.0 that was conducted at two Silicon Valley high schools. The project aimed to encourage journalism students to understand and apply Creative Commons licenses to participate in 21st century journalism. It provided recommendations for similar implementations, such as identifying potential programs, clearing legal barriers, teaching Creative Commons licenses, and encouraging students to license and remix works with Creative Commons licenses.
TwHistory: Creating Collaborative Historical Narratives with Social MediaTom Caswell
The document discusses using Twitter to create collaborative historical narratives through virtual historical reenactments. A group of educators created real-time Twitter accounts to roleplay historical figures and events from multiple perspectives. This allowed participants to experience history unfolding in a way that highlighted the subjective nature of narratives and the actual timing of events. Popular reenactments included Gettysburg and the Cuban Missile Crisis. Features of the beta website are described to facilitate future reenactments on topics like Lewis and Clark or the Apollo missions.
This document describes a project called TwHistory that uses Twitter to collaboratively recreate historical events through roleplaying as historical figures. Students research figures and write tweets in character that are scheduled to go out over time to simulate the unfolding of events. Recent projects included recreations of the leadup to Gettysburg and the Cuban Missile Crisis. The goals are for followers to experience history unfolding in real time and for student participants to gain experience evaluating sources and representing historical perspectives through social media. The document outlines the process and shares lessons learned from past projects, and seeks funding to further develop the approach into an online platform and curriculum.
The document discusses testing new models for participatory learning in student journalism through a Creative Commons project at two Silicon Valley high schools. The project, called Student Journalism 2.0, aimed to encourage journalism students and teachers to understand and apply Creative Commons licenses to participate in 21st century journalism. It provides recommendations for similar implementations, such as identifying potential programs, clearing legal challenges, teaching Creative Commons licenses, and encouraging students to license and reuse work under Creative Commons licenses.
Twitter for Teaching and Cognitive ApprenticeshipsTom Caswell
This document discusses using Twitter for teaching and cognitive apprenticeships. It describes how Twitter can be used to represent historical perspectives from multiple points of view through role-playing historical figures. Examples are given of reenacting past events like the Cuban Missile Crisis. The document also discusses how Twitter allows modeling of expert practices and provides a window into professional fields. Some obstacles to Twitter modeling are that not all fields may be open or suitable and it relies on technology, but it could expand to other disciplines over time.
The document discusses OpenCourseWare (OCW), which provides open educational resources like course syllabi, readings, and lectures. Many universities make their courses available through OCW to increase their reputation and benefit learners. OCW content is typically published under Creative Commons licenses to allow for open use and sharing while protecting copyright. The document outlines best practices for starting an OCW program and publishing high-quality open educational resources.
OpenCourseWare: It's not just MIT anymore!Tom Caswell
This document discusses the growth of the OpenCourseWare movement beyond just MIT. It notes that over 100 higher education institutions worldwide now have OpenCourseWare sites to freely share course materials online. It also introduces eduCommons, an open-source platform that makes it easier for schools to implement and manage OpenCourseWare sites, and OpenOCW, which allows individual professors to contribute materials even if their university does not host an OpenCourseWare site itself.
A presentation given on August 14, 2009 at the Open Education Conference in Vancouver about the new eduCommons 3.2.1-final release, as well as the sustainable community that has formed around this open source, OpenCourseWare software.
Augmented Field Trips - 2009 TTIX PresentationTom Caswell
This document discusses a location-based augmented reality game called Pathways of the West that was created for the American West Heritage Center, a 275-acre living history museum and farm that receives 60,000 visitors annually. The game uses a mobile app called WhereIGo to provide visitors with location-based information as they walk around the Center, asking questions about the landscape, plants, animals, ownership, and activities allowed in different areas. The goal is to educate and entertain visitors through interactive and immersive gameplay that combines digital information with the real-world locations within the Center.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
6. What is social sourcing? A project organizing approach that gets diverse stakeholders to participate in the software making process, thus creating sustainable community. Photo by Wade from Oklohoma
7. Principles of Social Sourcing Distribute the burden Diverse perspectives enrich the final product Focus on creating value for users Give everyone a voice Photo by km6xo
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18. Get Involved! Let us know your interests! [email_address] Get the product! educommons.com Facebook Group: Search "educommons" Photo by ecstaticist
19. Questions? Contact info: eduCommons info@educommons.com Tom Caswell [email_address] Christopher Johnson [email_address] www.ifpeople.net Photo by Tch0la :)