THE ROLE OF IMAGE DIMENSIONS, SATISFACTION, INTEREST AND LOYALTY OF VISITORS AS EDITORS INFLUENCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF TOUR OPEN SPACES TO REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE TOBA LAKE AREA
This study aims to analyze the influence of open space tourism on regional
development (regional development) through visitor satisfaction (image), image or
tourist image (destination image), and the interests and loyalty of visitors (intention
and loyalty). This research was conducted in several Panatapan spots as open-air
tourist spaces in Simalungun Regency, North Sumatera, and Indonesia with 313
respondents. The data sources used are primary and secondary data obtained through
questionnaires and documentation. Analysis of the data used in this study using
Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0 tools. The results of the
study show the importance of developing open-air tourism through the development of
tourism images, tourist satisfaction, and interest and visitor loyalty, in supporting
regional development in Simalungun District
The paper confirms the factors constructing destination image by using some multi-dimensional
elements. A total of 298 visitors were intercepted conveniently who visited Cox’s Bazaar, Bangladesh during
March 2018. Exploratory factor analysis, regression analysis, correlation
The conceptual study is designed with qualitative analysis of
blog contents to judge the bloggers perspective regarding rural tourism in India. The primary objective of the study was to analyze the presentation of rural tourism in India through blogs. Foreign bloggers illustration of India was deeply investigated from their blog contents. The study provides an elementary
indication about the blog marketing of rural tourism and its potential in the Indian tourism industry
Strategic use of social media in Tourism Marketing A Comparative Analysis of ...Rashmiranjan Choudhury
Marketing has reached new heights with social media platforms. In the changing scenario of the service industry, tourism is seen to receive the most attention from customers, stakeholders and other sectors through social media. The development of communication technology has enriched social media marketing. In India, Facebook has taken a lead role because of its market outreach and user count. Different tourism associates use this medium to showcase their products and services. In this context, Kerala is way ahead in social media marketing strategies while Odisha is in the niece states. This paper aims to analyse the social media marketing strategies adopted by the Odisha tourism board and other tourism boards through a comparative analysis. The study suggests some strategic measures for Odisha tourism board to ensure the effective use of social media in tourism.
The Destination of Cognitive Image, Personality Destination, and Hedonic Valu...inventionjournals
The tourism industry is an important role in development efforts and development of a region. North Sulawesi is one of the tourist destinations in Indonesia. An effective concept should be elaborated to ensure the progressive growth in the industry. This study develops the concept of cognitive and affective cognitive variables destination image, personality and hedonic value destinations on the intention to recommend. Findings recently admitted the use of the affective aspects influencing intention to recommend more tourists than the cognitive aspects
This is how i have envisioned the implementation of the community based tourism package ( SCR 6.1) to be implemented in my state through the funding of ADB. The presentation gives you a clear cut idea on what is community based tourism m how we are planning to implement it in Himachal through PRA tools and the areas that we have selected for the skill based training of which will be given to the communities in the identified clusters. These inferences have been drawn from my experiences working in following areas & organizations -
- Great Himalayan National Park in Himachal Pradesh
-Annapurna Conservation Area in Nepal
- Sikkim Biodiversity & Conservation Project
-Surya-Abha Society Ladakh
-Directorate of Mountaineering & Allied Sports , Manali
-Government Post Graduate Degree College Kullu
-The Kullu Project
-Sunshine HImalayan Adventures , Kullu
The paper confirms the factors constructing destination image by using some multi-dimensional
elements. A total of 298 visitors were intercepted conveniently who visited Cox’s Bazaar, Bangladesh during
March 2018. Exploratory factor analysis, regression analysis, correlation
The conceptual study is designed with qualitative analysis of
blog contents to judge the bloggers perspective regarding rural tourism in India. The primary objective of the study was to analyze the presentation of rural tourism in India through blogs. Foreign bloggers illustration of India was deeply investigated from their blog contents. The study provides an elementary
indication about the blog marketing of rural tourism and its potential in the Indian tourism industry
Strategic use of social media in Tourism Marketing A Comparative Analysis of ...Rashmiranjan Choudhury
Marketing has reached new heights with social media platforms. In the changing scenario of the service industry, tourism is seen to receive the most attention from customers, stakeholders and other sectors through social media. The development of communication technology has enriched social media marketing. In India, Facebook has taken a lead role because of its market outreach and user count. Different tourism associates use this medium to showcase their products and services. In this context, Kerala is way ahead in social media marketing strategies while Odisha is in the niece states. This paper aims to analyse the social media marketing strategies adopted by the Odisha tourism board and other tourism boards through a comparative analysis. The study suggests some strategic measures for Odisha tourism board to ensure the effective use of social media in tourism.
The Destination of Cognitive Image, Personality Destination, and Hedonic Valu...inventionjournals
The tourism industry is an important role in development efforts and development of a region. North Sulawesi is one of the tourist destinations in Indonesia. An effective concept should be elaborated to ensure the progressive growth in the industry. This study develops the concept of cognitive and affective cognitive variables destination image, personality and hedonic value destinations on the intention to recommend. Findings recently admitted the use of the affective aspects influencing intention to recommend more tourists than the cognitive aspects
This is how i have envisioned the implementation of the community based tourism package ( SCR 6.1) to be implemented in my state through the funding of ADB. The presentation gives you a clear cut idea on what is community based tourism m how we are planning to implement it in Himachal through PRA tools and the areas that we have selected for the skill based training of which will be given to the communities in the identified clusters. These inferences have been drawn from my experiences working in following areas & organizations -
- Great Himalayan National Park in Himachal Pradesh
-Annapurna Conservation Area in Nepal
- Sikkim Biodiversity & Conservation Project
-Surya-Abha Society Ladakh
-Directorate of Mountaineering & Allied Sports , Manali
-Government Post Graduate Degree College Kullu
-The Kullu Project
-Sunshine HImalayan Adventures , Kullu
The Effect of Community Based Tourism on Sustainable Tourism and Tourist Sati...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:A concept that explains the role of local communities in the tourism industry is Community Based
Tourism (CBT). The implementation of CBT in tourist villages can be successful when there is acceptance and
willingness from the local community to be actively involved in the tourism sector. Tourist satisfaction is an
aspect that needs to be considered in implementing the CBT concept in tourist villages. Sustainable tourism is a
concept that can support the implementation of CBT. This research aims to explain the influence of CBT on
tourist satisfaction partiallymediated by sustainable tourism. This research was designed using quantitative
methods which aim to analyze the size of the correlation and causal relationship between variables and justify
the significance of each hypothesis. The subjects in this research were tourists who had visited the Koja Doi
Tourism Village with a sample of 108 respondents. The sample was determined using a non-probability
sampling method, namely purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)
with Smart PLS version 3.0 software. The results of this research show that CBT has a positive and significant
effect on sustainable tourism and tourist satisfaction, and sustainable tourism can partially mediate the influence
of CBT on tourist satisfaction.
Keywords-Tourist Satisfaction, Sustainable Tourism, Community Based Tourism
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
The Effect of Service Quality of Tourism Facilities on Visitors Satisfaction ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality of tourist facilities on visitor
satisfaction at tourist destinations Panjang Island, Pulau Banyak District, Aceh Singkil Regency. This research is
a quantitative descriptive type, collecting data using questionnaires and observation as well as studying the
literature, the results of the research are measured using a Likert scale which is described and interpreted on a
theoretical basis. The results of this study found that the service quality of Panjang Island tourism facilities was
in the good category by influencing visitor satisfaction by 36.6% in the satisfied category which had
implications for increasing the number of tourist visits each year.
KEYWORDS : Tour, Amenitas, Means, Visitors, Quality, Service, Satisfaction
Tourism Brand and Strategy for Sustainable Tourism Development of Bongabon, N...IJAEMSJORNAL
This study identified problems encountered in tourism sustainability in Bongabon, Nueva Ecija. This covered the areas of economic, environmental and tourism managements aspects. Business’ years of operation and services offered in tourist spots were also identified in this study. This research study used a descriptive research design, and a structured interview is used as data collection tool. Participants of the study were 5 selected owners or member of association in different tourist spots in Bongabon, Nueva Ecija. Based on the research study, tourism management aspect has the highest percentage of problems encountered, this includes the factors of crowd management and LGU and owner’s participation; environmental aspect has the second highest percentage of problems encountered, this area includes nature deterioration and preservation, pollution, and construction of tourism facilities and infrastructure development; and economic aspect has the least percentage of problems encountered which includes the factors of livelihood, income and employment. Environmental Aspect is an element of an organization's activities, products or services that can interact with the environment. There are two types of environmental aspects: (i) Direct Environmental Aspect Activities over which a company can be expected to have an influence and control. For example, emissions from processes. (ii) Indirect Environmental Aspect Actual or Potential activities over which the organization can be expected to have an influence, but no control. The economic aspect refers to the importance of social responsibility, broad consideration of society and businesses, contribution to public interest, and corporate voluntary participation.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Development Strategy of Urban Tourism in Kota Lama Tourism Area Surabaya Indo...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This research was conducted to develop a strategy for developing Kota Lama Tourism Area.
The method used in this study was interpretive structural modeling (ISM). The results indicated that there is a
need to improve the ability of human resources, the quality of tourist attractions, and the image of the
city of Surabaya. Efforts to develop KLTA in Surabaya will run well by involving the city government
and the community to work together to overcome major obstacles, such as integrating destination governance
and competent human resources. The solution of these two obstacles was solving basic problems in
developing the Old City. In addition, the consideration of the objectives and main needs of the program is:
increasing tourism organizations, increasing attractiveness, developing accessibility, using appropriate
technology and competent human resources. The suggested strategies are (1) Improving the quality of tourist
attractions and integrating with tourist attraction based on history, culture and local wisdom, (2) Increasing
tourism human resources and developing cooperation with stakeholders, (3) Developing the image of Surabaya
as a destination tourism and optimization of Sapta Charm, which is safe, orderly, clean, cool, beautiful, friendly,
and memorable.
KEYWORDS: Urban tourism, Surabaya, historical tourism, cultural tourism, local wisdom, ISM
Exploring The Community Participation, Tourism Village, And Social-Economic T...inventionjournals
Pentingsari is one of tourist village destination areas because of the unique culture and beauty environment. This study aims to development the community participation in recent area of an effective tourism village that increases the economic growth, socio-cultural and environmental. The development of tourism in Indonesia is familiar with the trend of ecotourism as one approach to tourism development (Chang et al., 2012). This study uses a qualitative approach by adopting the interpretive paradigm. Result findings show empowerment of rural communities in Pentingsari village can maximize the utilization of potential of nature and environment, as well as to empower communities by maximizing the utilization of social culture, customs and historical heritage of rural communities by maximizing the potential of agriculture and plantation. Overall, government can improve the local economy, particularly encouraging for emergence of new entrepreneurs in this area, entrepreneur will boost the competitiveness of businesses in this village with an increase in entrepreneurial spirit by socio-economic and environmental impacts. Keywords: community participation, tourism village, socio-economic, and environment impact.
Measuring Tourist Service Satisfaction at Destination: A Case Study of Cox...b-planning
This study examines existing tourism services of the highly trafficked destination of Cox’s Bazar Sea beach in
Bangladesh using a tourist satisfaction analysis. Using observation and self-determined questionnaire survey, the study
classified tourist to their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and measured satisfaction level using five point
Likert- scales against seventeen selected variables. The findings of this study suggest that tourists were mostly satisfied with
amenities related to destination management, with a natural attraction to the beach and relaxation facilities provided by the
destination. In contrast, tourists were disappointed with facilities such as health and emergency services, transportation
services, tour guides, information services and night life. The outcome of this empirical research will enable planners,
investors, destination mang ers and other vested interest groups to better understand tourist expectations and formulate
improved strategies, regional policy and a balanced approach toward sustainable tourism development in the region
Batu City which is located in East Java is a place visited by many tourists who come from within the
country or abroad. With many people visiting Batu City, it directly causes traffic jams where traffic engineering
is needed to break down congestion. Therefore, researchers want to examine whether personal character affects
visitor satisfaction through traffic engineering. The population in this study were all people who had visited the
city of Batu, amounting to 105 respondents
A Response Analysis of Mobile Augmented Reality Application for Tourism Objec...IJECEIAES
As a form of innovation in a promotion media Tourism Objects in Indonesia especially at Purbalingga District, one is through Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR). The utilization of technology application of MAR, give the impression of interactive and real towards an object tourism and provide a special experience for tourists to get the information completely including the tourism location. To deliver care facilities to users, we need the evaluation to development or improvement for next application. The method used in this research is evaluation of user satisfaction towards the multimedia elements. The result of MAR user satisfaction showed that almost all respondents are well satisfied.
Social media and optimization of the promotion of Lake Toba tourism destinati...CSITiaesprime
Tourism is one of the largest contributors to Indonesia's foreign exchange earnings, surpassing taxation, energy, and gas. This study seeks to investigate the use of social media to optimize the promotion of Lake Toba as a tourist destination, which has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Using interview techniques and live field observations, it was discovered that social media, particularly the Instagram platform, play a significant role in promoting Lake Toba tourism. The Department of Culture and Tourism of the North Sumatra Province uses landscape photography as its primary promotion method, which has proved to be more effective and interesting than conventional methods such as the distribution of brochures or the use of manuals. The capture procedure and techniques for landscape photography were carried out by professional photographers in collaboration with the Department of Culture and Tourism of the North Sumatra Province. In addition to providing information, tourism sumut's Instagram account functions as a platform to raise public awareness about Lake Toba tourism and as a promotional medium for North Sumatra's tourist attractions on an international scale. Department of Culture and Tourism of the North Sumatra Province collaborates with travel agencies and local communities to disseminate Lake Toba tourism information.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
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The Effect of Community Based Tourism on Sustainable Tourism and Tourist Sati...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:A concept that explains the role of local communities in the tourism industry is Community Based
Tourism (CBT). The implementation of CBT in tourist villages can be successful when there is acceptance and
willingness from the local community to be actively involved in the tourism sector. Tourist satisfaction is an
aspect that needs to be considered in implementing the CBT concept in tourist villages. Sustainable tourism is a
concept that can support the implementation of CBT. This research aims to explain the influence of CBT on
tourist satisfaction partiallymediated by sustainable tourism. This research was designed using quantitative
methods which aim to analyze the size of the correlation and causal relationship between variables and justify
the significance of each hypothesis. The subjects in this research were tourists who had visited the Koja Doi
Tourism Village with a sample of 108 respondents. The sample was determined using a non-probability
sampling method, namely purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)
with Smart PLS version 3.0 software. The results of this research show that CBT has a positive and significant
effect on sustainable tourism and tourist satisfaction, and sustainable tourism can partially mediate the influence
of CBT on tourist satisfaction.
Keywords-Tourist Satisfaction, Sustainable Tourism, Community Based Tourism
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
The Effect of Service Quality of Tourism Facilities on Visitors Satisfaction ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality of tourist facilities on visitor
satisfaction at tourist destinations Panjang Island, Pulau Banyak District, Aceh Singkil Regency. This research is
a quantitative descriptive type, collecting data using questionnaires and observation as well as studying the
literature, the results of the research are measured using a Likert scale which is described and interpreted on a
theoretical basis. The results of this study found that the service quality of Panjang Island tourism facilities was
in the good category by influencing visitor satisfaction by 36.6% in the satisfied category which had
implications for increasing the number of tourist visits each year.
KEYWORDS : Tour, Amenitas, Means, Visitors, Quality, Service, Satisfaction
Tourism Brand and Strategy for Sustainable Tourism Development of Bongabon, N...IJAEMSJORNAL
This study identified problems encountered in tourism sustainability in Bongabon, Nueva Ecija. This covered the areas of economic, environmental and tourism managements aspects. Business’ years of operation and services offered in tourist spots were also identified in this study. This research study used a descriptive research design, and a structured interview is used as data collection tool. Participants of the study were 5 selected owners or member of association in different tourist spots in Bongabon, Nueva Ecija. Based on the research study, tourism management aspect has the highest percentage of problems encountered, this includes the factors of crowd management and LGU and owner’s participation; environmental aspect has the second highest percentage of problems encountered, this area includes nature deterioration and preservation, pollution, and construction of tourism facilities and infrastructure development; and economic aspect has the least percentage of problems encountered which includes the factors of livelihood, income and employment. Environmental Aspect is an element of an organization's activities, products or services that can interact with the environment. There are two types of environmental aspects: (i) Direct Environmental Aspect Activities over which a company can be expected to have an influence and control. For example, emissions from processes. (ii) Indirect Environmental Aspect Actual or Potential activities over which the organization can be expected to have an influence, but no control. The economic aspect refers to the importance of social responsibility, broad consideration of society and businesses, contribution to public interest, and corporate voluntary participation.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Development Strategy of Urban Tourism in Kota Lama Tourism Area Surabaya Indo...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This research was conducted to develop a strategy for developing Kota Lama Tourism Area.
The method used in this study was interpretive structural modeling (ISM). The results indicated that there is a
need to improve the ability of human resources, the quality of tourist attractions, and the image of the
city of Surabaya. Efforts to develop KLTA in Surabaya will run well by involving the city government
and the community to work together to overcome major obstacles, such as integrating destination governance
and competent human resources. The solution of these two obstacles was solving basic problems in
developing the Old City. In addition, the consideration of the objectives and main needs of the program is:
increasing tourism organizations, increasing attractiveness, developing accessibility, using appropriate
technology and competent human resources. The suggested strategies are (1) Improving the quality of tourist
attractions and integrating with tourist attraction based on history, culture and local wisdom, (2) Increasing
tourism human resources and developing cooperation with stakeholders, (3) Developing the image of Surabaya
as a destination tourism and optimization of Sapta Charm, which is safe, orderly, clean, cool, beautiful, friendly,
and memorable.
KEYWORDS: Urban tourism, Surabaya, historical tourism, cultural tourism, local wisdom, ISM
Exploring The Community Participation, Tourism Village, And Social-Economic T...inventionjournals
Pentingsari is one of tourist village destination areas because of the unique culture and beauty environment. This study aims to development the community participation in recent area of an effective tourism village that increases the economic growth, socio-cultural and environmental. The development of tourism in Indonesia is familiar with the trend of ecotourism as one approach to tourism development (Chang et al., 2012). This study uses a qualitative approach by adopting the interpretive paradigm. Result findings show empowerment of rural communities in Pentingsari village can maximize the utilization of potential of nature and environment, as well as to empower communities by maximizing the utilization of social culture, customs and historical heritage of rural communities by maximizing the potential of agriculture and plantation. Overall, government can improve the local economy, particularly encouraging for emergence of new entrepreneurs in this area, entrepreneur will boost the competitiveness of businesses in this village with an increase in entrepreneurial spirit by socio-economic and environmental impacts. Keywords: community participation, tourism village, socio-economic, and environment impact.
Measuring Tourist Service Satisfaction at Destination: A Case Study of Cox...b-planning
This study examines existing tourism services of the highly trafficked destination of Cox’s Bazar Sea beach in
Bangladesh using a tourist satisfaction analysis. Using observation and self-determined questionnaire survey, the study
classified tourist to their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and measured satisfaction level using five point
Likert- scales against seventeen selected variables. The findings of this study suggest that tourists were mostly satisfied with
amenities related to destination management, with a natural attraction to the beach and relaxation facilities provided by the
destination. In contrast, tourists were disappointed with facilities such as health and emergency services, transportation
services, tour guides, information services and night life. The outcome of this empirical research will enable planners,
investors, destination mang ers and other vested interest groups to better understand tourist expectations and formulate
improved strategies, regional policy and a balanced approach toward sustainable tourism development in the region
Batu City which is located in East Java is a place visited by many tourists who come from within the
country or abroad. With many people visiting Batu City, it directly causes traffic jams where traffic engineering
is needed to break down congestion. Therefore, researchers want to examine whether personal character affects
visitor satisfaction through traffic engineering. The population in this study were all people who had visited the
city of Batu, amounting to 105 respondents
A Response Analysis of Mobile Augmented Reality Application for Tourism Objec...IJECEIAES
As a form of innovation in a promotion media Tourism Objects in Indonesia especially at Purbalingga District, one is through Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR). The utilization of technology application of MAR, give the impression of interactive and real towards an object tourism and provide a special experience for tourists to get the information completely including the tourism location. To deliver care facilities to users, we need the evaluation to development or improvement for next application. The method used in this research is evaluation of user satisfaction towards the multimedia elements. The result of MAR user satisfaction showed that almost all respondents are well satisfied.
Social media and optimization of the promotion of Lake Toba tourism destinati...CSITiaesprime
Tourism is one of the largest contributors to Indonesia's foreign exchange earnings, surpassing taxation, energy, and gas. This study seeks to investigate the use of social media to optimize the promotion of Lake Toba as a tourist destination, which has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Using interview techniques and live field observations, it was discovered that social media, particularly the Instagram platform, play a significant role in promoting Lake Toba tourism. The Department of Culture and Tourism of the North Sumatra Province uses landscape photography as its primary promotion method, which has proved to be more effective and interesting than conventional methods such as the distribution of brochures or the use of manuals. The capture procedure and techniques for landscape photography were carried out by professional photographers in collaboration with the Department of Culture and Tourism of the North Sumatra Province. In addition to providing information, tourism sumut's Instagram account functions as a platform to raise public awareness about Lake Toba tourism and as a promotional medium for North Sumatra's tourist attractions on an international scale. Department of Culture and Tourism of the North Sumatra Province collaborates with travel agencies and local communities to disseminate Lake Toba tourism information.
Similar to THE ROLE OF IMAGE DIMENSIONS, SATISFACTION, INTEREST AND LOYALTY OF VISITORS AS EDITORS INFLUENCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF TOUR OPEN SPACES TO REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE TOBA LAKE AREA (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
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IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniquesambekarshweta25
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniques
Authors:
-Devkinandan Jagtap
-Shweta Ambekar
-Harshit Singh
-Nakul Sharma (Assistant Professor)
Institution:
VIIT Pune, India
Abstract:
This paper proposes a system to differentiate between human-generated and AI-generated texts using stylometric analysis. The system analyzes text files and classifies writing styles by employing various clustering algorithms, such as k-means, k-means++, hierarchical, and DBSCAN. The effectiveness of these algorithms is measured using silhouette scores. The system successfully identifies distinct writing styles within documents, demonstrating its potential for plagiarism detection.
Introduction:
Stylometry, the study of linguistic and structural features in texts, is used for tasks like plagiarism detection, genre separation, and author verification. This paper leverages stylometric analysis to identify different writing styles and improve plagiarism detection methods.
Methodology:
The system includes data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, dimensional reduction, machine learning models for clustering, and performance comparison using silhouette scores. Feature extraction focuses on lexical features, vocabulary richness, and readability scores. The study uses a small dataset of texts from various authors and employs algorithms like k-means, k-means++, hierarchical clustering, and DBSCAN for clustering.
Results:
Experiments show that the system effectively identifies writing styles, with silhouette scores indicating reasonable to strong clustering when k=2. As the number of clusters increases, the silhouette scores decrease, indicating a drop in accuracy. K-means and k-means++ perform similarly, while hierarchical clustering is less optimized.
Conclusion and Future Work:
The system works well for distinguishing writing styles with two clusters but becomes less accurate as the number of clusters increases. Future research could focus on adding more parameters and optimizing the methodology to improve accuracy with higher cluster values. This system can enhance existing plagiarism detection tools, especially in academic settings.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
THE ROLE OF IMAGE DIMENSIONS, SATISFACTION, INTEREST AND LOYALTY OF VISITORS AS EDITORS INFLUENCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF TOUR OPEN SPACES TO REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH THE TOBA LAKE AREA
2. Muhammad Ade Kurnia Harahap, Sirojuzilam, R. Hamdani Harahap and Beny O.Y. Marpaung
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 226 editor@iaeme.com
1. INTRODUCTION
Crilley (2005) states that the image of a tourist destination is supported by the quality of
hospitality. The quality of tourism services directly on community hospitality, location
attractiveness, local products and others. The dimensions of the quality of tourism services
include security, atmosphere, privacy, respect, friendliness, competence, empathy, reliability,
responsiveness, courtesy and honesty. The perceived service quality of tourism is said to
influence tourist satisfaction, and they always provide the best for tourists which ultimately
affects the intention of tourists to return (Chi, 2005). The linkages of transportation,
promotion, tourist attractions are important to increase competitiveness including the image
of tourist destinations (Budi, 2015). The success of a tourism activity is largely determined by
the level of hospitality that is given to visitors, because service quality is believed to be
directly proportional to visitor satisfaction (satisfaction). If visitor satisfaction can be
fulfilled, efforts to improve service procedures can be done better (Budiono, 2004).
The Panatapan building in Lake Toba is part of the tourist infrastructure that visitors are
interested in so that they can form the desired image or image. The Panatapan building should
be well managed by the government by improving community awareness of the environment.
Imaging can be done through the construction of social reality, even though the reality is false
(Bungin, 2001). Regional image or image can be defined as a marketing activity to promote a
positive image of a tourist destination in order to influence consumer decisions to visit it
(Blain, et al., 2005). The image of a good tourist area will influence visitors to come back
(intention loyalty). Therefore the local government needs to foster the community in
improving the image of tourism through revamping the Panatapan facility as a tourism space
to be worth visiting as well as being one of the tourist destinations that presents the scenic
beauty of Lake Toba as a whole. In addition, the planning of various facilities that support the
use of sloping land and tourism open space around Lake Toba also needs to be addressed
because the quality of existing tourism space will affect the image and satisfaction of visitors
and regional development in the Lake Toba Region (regional development) .
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Satisfaction of Tourist Visitors Satisfaction of Tourist Visitors
Tourist satisfaction is an indicator of recognition of the success of the capacity and
management of tourist attractions. Tourist satisfaction is a statement of loyalty in travel and is
positive. Understanding of tourist satisfaction is important in positioning strategies for tourist
attractions. Satisfaction of travel will make tourists come back to travel (Petrosillo et al.,
2007).
2.2. Image of Travel Destinations
Fakeye and Crompton (1991) consider that tourism products are intangibility so it is very
difficult to measure destination images in a destination loyalty model. Fakeye and Crompton
continued that destination images only consist of cognitive components, whereas cognitive
perception or evaluation only refers to an individual's knowledge and belief in an object that
is perceived or evaluated. Milman and Pizam (1995) cognitively offer three components that
shape the image of a destination, namely: facility of attractions, memorable host behavior
(the memorability hosts' behavior and attitude), and a sustainable destination environment
(the sustainability environment) such as climate, environmental cleanliness and facilities.
Goeldner and Ritchie, (1999) identified that cognitively, destination images consist of
psychological components of tourists, uniqueness, and destination attributes holistically.
3. The Role of Image Dimensions, Satisfaction, Interest and Loyalty of Visitors as Editors Influence
of Development of Tour Open Spaces to Regional Development Through the Toba Lake Area
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 227 editor@iaeme.com
2.3. Perception
Keliwar (2015) states that the conditions for perception are several things, namely the
existence of objects that are perceived, then the existence of attention as the first step to make
perceptions, besides the sensory devices as receptor recipients to transmit information to the
brain to create a response to stimuli. Perception does not stand alone, but is influenced by
understanding and experience of the context that is related to that perception.
2.4. Area Development
Sirojuzilam (2015) states that regional development is an increase in the value of benefits for
a particular community or region, able to accommodate more residents, with an average level
of improved community welfare, in addition to demonstrating more available infrastructure
and goods and services. the community is increasing, both in terms of type, intensity, service
and quality. Regional development (regional development) is closely related to the
development of a city or an area itself. Thus regional development (regional development)
has broad meanings and impacts while not only paying attention to economic aspects, but
also involves institutional settings, social settings and ecological settings. The four aspects
are a unity that is interrelated and integrated with each other (Sirojuzilam, 2015). This forms
four aspects of regional development in Figure 1 as a follows :
Figure 1. Four Aspects of Regional Development
The approach applied in regional development in Indonesia is very diverse. This is influenced
by the development of theories and models of regional development as well as socio-
economic arrangements, governance systems and development administration (Sirojuzilam et
al., 2016). Regional development by paying attention to growth potential will help increase
sustainable economic growth through more rational population deployment, increase
employment opportunities and productivity (Mercado, 2002).
2.6. Previous Research
Research on other tourism was also carried out by Ilda Amalia and Murwatiningsih (2016)
with the title "Effect of Destination Image and Customer Value on Visitor Loyalty Through
Visitor Satisfaction". The results of this study indicate that the destination image and visitor
satisfaction as mediation indirectly affects visitor loyalty. Customer value and visitor
satisfaction as mediation directly and indirectly affect visitor loyalty. Astini (2015) has also
conducted research with the title "Effect of Destination Image, Travel Motivation, and
Service Quality on Visitor Satisfaction (Case Study of Nusantara Muslim Tourists on Carita
4. Muhammad Ade Kurnia Harahap, Sirojuzilam, R. Hamdani Harahap and Beny O.Y. Marpaung
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 228 editor@iaeme.com
Pandeglang Banten Beach)". The results of this study indicate that travel motivation and
service quality have a significant effect on visitor satisfaction. Whereas destination image
does not affect visitor satisfaction.
3. METHODS
The sample recommended in PLS analysis is relatively small. However, Hair et al. (2014)
also confirms that the use of a larger number of samples will provide more consistent and
accurate results in their evaluation. Although previously it was noted that on average BPS
Simalungun stated that the number of tourist visitors was 314,890 people, this population is
not reliable as a research reference because visitors recorded at BPS Simalungun did not
show in detail the tourist visitors of Simalungun Regency who came specifically to the Lake
Region Toba. Therefore, the researchers decided to take the minimum sample criteria in this
study based on the guidelines of Hair et al (2014), namely 65 samples and the minimum
number of samples for unknown populations was 289 samples. In an effort to obtain a larger
sample and in line with the criteria, a total of 400 questionnaires were distributed in the
research activities. The final sample in this study was 313 visitors after the data was
damaged, incomplete and not returned after being submitted to the research respondents. The
distribution of research questionnaires was carried out randomly (simple random sampling)
with the age limit of visitors, namely 15 to 64 years old, productive age in Indonesia (BPS,
2018).
The final results of the structural model and significance of the model are carried out
using the bootstrap method. PLS-SEM does not use the assumption that data is normally
distributed so that testing of parametric significance cannot be done. Significant testing of
coefficients on PLS uses non-parametric methods, boosts (Hair et al, 2014). The results of
bootstrap will show t-values to test the significance of structural paths. The results of this
significance test are then used as the basis for testing the research hypothesis. The structural
equation model in this study refers to two forms, namely in the physical order and second
order level. Table 1 provides a summary of the structural equations in this study.
Table 1. Structural Equations of the Research Model
Variable Equation
Tourist Image (Z1) Z1 = γ1 X + γ2 Z2+ ζ15
Tourist Satisfaction (Z2) Z2 = γ3 X + ζ16
Tourist Loyalty (Z3) Z3 = γ4 X + γ5 Z1 + γ6 Z2+ ζ17
Regional Development (Y) Y = γ7 X + γ8 Z1 + γ9 Z2+ γ10 Z3+ ζ18
4. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1. Result
4.1.1. Hypothesis testing
The results of path coefficient and the significance of the path coefficients are shown in
Figure:
5. The Role of Image Dimensions, Satisfaction, Interest and Loyalty of Visitors as Editors Influence
of Development of Tour Open Spaces to Regional Development Through the Toba Lake Area
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 229 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 2. Bootstrap Research Model
Figure 2 shows that the effect of each variable is positive and significant. The level of
strip thickness in Figure 2 indicates the influence dominance between research variables. The
greater the path in the diagram indicates that the absolute value of the influence on the
pathway is increasingly important.
4.1.2. Mediation Effect Testing
Mediator variables can be evaluated and grouped into three types of categories, namely not
mediators, partial mediators, and full mediators. The criteria for classifying the mediation
effect category are carried out by looking at the magnitude of the variance in the dependent
variable that can be explained through the mediator. The amount of variance explained
through the mediator is calculated using the Variance Accounted For (VAF) method. VAF
value is obtained by comparing the magnitude of the indirect effect on total influence. Using
these data, the magnitude of VAF and the category of mediation effects can be calculated and
summarized in Table 2.
Table 2. Evaluation of Mediation Effects
Effect Indirect Effect
Total
Effect
VAF Mediation Type
Tourism space Destination
Image
0,001 0,472 0,21% No Mediation
Tourism space Intention and
Loyalty
0,175 0,289 60,55% Partial Mediation
Tourism space Development 0,171 0,322 53,10% Partial Mediation
Satisfaction Intention and
Loyalty
0,000 0,532 0% No Mediation
Satisfaction Development 0,219 0,383 57,18% Partial Mediation
Destination Image
Development
0,025 -0,009 -277% Full Mediation
Sources : SmartPLS (2019).
6. Muhammad Ade Kurnia Harahap, Sirojuzilam, R. Hamdani Harahap and Beny O.Y. Marpaung
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 230 editor@iaeme.com
Table 2 shows that the variables of the mediating effect that occur, the influence of
Panatapan as a tourism space on the image of the destination, interest and loyalty and
regional development are partially mediated by image formation, satisfaction and interest and
loyalty of visitors. The effect of partial mediation indicates that the role occurs both directly
and indirectly. The influence of Panatapan as a tourism space on Panatapan's image is not
influenced by mediation of visitor satisfaction. The effect of satisfaction on interest and
loyalty is not influenced by mediation of Panatapan's image. The tourism image will only
increase regional development if and only if the image is able to generate interest and loyalty
from visitors in the future.
4.2. Discussion
4.2.1. Effect of tourism space on regional development through image, satisfaction, and
interest and loyalty
Previously it was discussed how the indirect influence of tourism space in increasing the
loyalty of visitors Panatapan. In the proposed research model, the final goal variable of the
structural equation is the development of the region from Panatapan. Kotler and Keller (2012)
provide three advantages that occur in loyal consumers. The three superior behaviors include
various activities that encourage business growth. Loyal consumers will repurchase, suggest
to others (recommend), and have a barrier to switching costs for similar products (retain). The
direct and indirect influence of Panatapan as tourism space will encourage visitor interest and
loyalty. The higher the interest and loyalty of visitors, the more benefits obtained by regional
development (Susilo, 2006). This situation confirms that there is an indirect influence that has
occurred in increasing the success of regional development in the Panatapan.
4.1.2. Effect of satisfaction on regional development through image and interest and
loyalty
This study provides empirical evidence that there is a positive and significant indirect effect
of satisfaction on regional development through image creation and visitor interest and
loyalty (indirect effect = 0.219; p-value = 0,000). The results of this study indicate that there
is an indirect influence on satisfaction of visitors of Panatapan in the success of the
development of the Panatapan region. Indirect influence occurs through image creation, as
well as interest and loyalty as a result of visitors' satisfaction with tourism experiences that
occur. The image and interest and loyalty that is generated will help encourage increased
regional development in Panatapan. The results of this study indicate that interest and loyalty
are the main keys that support the success of regional development. Interest and loyalty in
this study contain two elements of the approach, namely the interest in revisiting and loyalty
in recommending (Upamannyu and Bhakar, 2015) Panatapan to others. These two elements
are very important in the success of the development of the Panatapan region. Satisfaction
plays a key role in realizing that loyalty. Kotler and Keller (2012) state that achieving
customer satisfaction (consumers) is key in opening the gates of visitor loyalty. Thus,
satisfied visitors will make them loyal. Loyalty formed will direct visitors to succeed in
developing the Panatapan region.
4.1.3 Effect of image on regional development through interest and loyalty
This study provides empirical evidence that there is a positive and significant indirect effect
of the image on regional development through the interest and loyalty of Panatapan visitors
(independent effect = 0.025; p-value = 0.042). The results of this study indicate that there are
indirect effects of Panatapan tourism image in the success of the development of the
7. The Role of Image Dimensions, Satisfaction, Interest and Loyalty of Visitors as Editors Influence
of Development of Tour Open Spaces to Regional Development Through the Toba Lake Area
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 231 editor@iaeme.com
Panatapan region. Indirect influence occurs through the creation of interest and visitor loyalty
to the tourist experience that occurs. The interest and loyalty generated will help drive the
development of the area in the Lake Toba Region of Simalungun Regency. The results of this
study are the results that most need special attention. The image directly does not affect both
interest and loyalty or the development of the region. The results of the study indicate that the
achievement of regional development through the development of Panatapan's image can
only be achieved through the success of increasing visitor interest and loyalty. From other
literature states that if there is no direct influence of the image on regional development, it is
not necessary to interpret the indirect effects that occur. When considering this statement, it is
very important to develop Panatapan's image through the development of tourism open space
proposed in this research model.
5. CONCLUSSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1. Conclusion
Visitor satisfaction is able to strengthen the role of open space tourism in increasing interest
and loyalty and regional development. The image of tourism is not able to strengthen the role
of open space tourism in increasing interest and loyalty and regional development. Interest
and loyalty can strengthen the role of open space tourism in improving regional development.
5.2. Suggestion
1. The current image of Panatapan tourism is not good enough to improve regional
development in the Panatapan Lake Toba Region, Simalungun Regency. This is
an indication that it is necessary to revamp the image of Panatapan tourism in
order to become a tourist destination that is able to stand alone and escape the
shadow of the image of Lake Toba tourism. Examples of tourist destinations that
are able to have a strong image are the Bukit Indah Simarjarunjung (BIS) Tourism
Area, Tongging Tourism Area, and Simalem Park Tourism Area.
2. In an effort to build visitor satisfaction, existing tourism services need to be
improved to match the expectations and desires of visitors. Therefore it is
necessary to educate and educate the tourism management community to pay
more attention to appearance, good communication and courtesy, and provide
excellent tourism services to visitors. Good interaction and communication is one
of the keys to success in tourism promotion.
3. Communities and business people need to improve and increase the satisfaction of
tourist visitors in order to increase visitor interest and loyalty.
4. The government needs to make regulations that specifically regulate the
requirements and the existence of tourism open spaces in the Panatapan Lake
Toba Region in order to be able to make a positive contribution to PAD in
Simalungun District.
5. The government needs to identify other areas that have not been managed
properly but have the potential to become tourism open spaces as a strategy to
improve tourism development and regional development in the Panatapan Lake
Toba Region, Simalungun Regency.
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