The document discusses a study on the role of equipment warning labels in the industrial workplace. The study involved students (workers) using industrial woodworking equipment. The workers received safety training but were not told about warning labels. A survey later found that experienced workers were more likely to notice and remember warning labels than inexperienced workers. While warning labels provided a safety reminder, face-to-face training was considered the most effective method of safety information compared to other methods like manuals and videos.

1. The Role of Equipment Warning
Labels in the Industrial Workplace
Presented By:
M. Mubeen (MME-17-13) &
Mohsin Zulfiqar (MME-17-23)
Presented to:
Engr. Roohan Afzal
Institute of Advanced Materials, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan

2. • This Presentation covers all the
concepts need to understand the safety
labels in our practical lives, so let See.

3. Safety
The state of being
"safe"
Industrial safetyIndustrial safety
‘’Safety at working
or industrial site to
protect workers.”
Safety Labels
“Meaningful graphical
symbols that warn of or
identify hazards associated
with the location or item”

4. • Every day in the world people suffer “disabling injuries on the job.
• Although all workplace risks cannot be eliminated, safety information programs can
reduce the risk of serious injury or death, including:
1) Face-to-face instruction

5. • Every day in the world people suffer “disabling injuries on the job.
• Although all workplace risks cannot be eliminated, safety information programs can
reduce the risk of serious injury or death, including:
1) Face-to-face instruction
2) Safety meetings

6. • Every day in the world people suffer “disabling injuries on the job.
• Although all workplace risks cannot be eliminated, safety information programs can
reduce the risk of serious injury or death, including:
1) Face-to-face instruction
2) Safety meetings
3) Videos

7. • Every day in the world people suffer “disabling injuries on the job.
• Although all workplace risks cannot be eliminated, safety information programs can
reduce the risk of serious injury or death, including:
1) Face-to-face instruction
2) Safety meetings
3) Videos
4) Manual

8. • Every day in the world people suffer “disabling injuries on the job.
• Although all workplace risks cannot be eliminated, safety information programs can
reduce the risk of serious injury or death, including:
1) Face-to-face instruction
2) Safety meetings
3) Videos
4) Manual
5) Websites

9. • Every day in the world people suffer “disabling injuries on the job.
• Although all workplace risks cannot be eliminated, safety information programs can
reduce the risk of serious injury or death, including:
1) Face-to-face instruction
2) Safety meetings
3) Videos
4) Manual
5) Websites
6) E-mails

10. • Every day in the world people suffer “disabling injuries on the job.
• Although all workplace risks cannot be eliminated, safety information programs can
reduce the risk of serious injury or death, including:
1) Face-to-face instruction
2) Safety meetings
3) Videos
4) Manual
5) Websites
6) E-mails
7) Posters

11. • Every day in the world people suffer “disabling injuries on the job.
• Although all workplace risks cannot be eliminated, safety information programs can
reduce the risk of serious injury or death, including:
1) Face-to-face instruction
2) Safety meetings
3) Videos
4) Manual
5) Websites
6) E-mails
7) Posters
8) Equipment warning labels

12. • Every day in the world people suffer “disabling injuries on the job.
• Although all workplace risks cannot be eliminated, safety information programs can
reduce the risk of serious injury or death, including:
1) Face-to-face instruction
2) Safety meetings
3) Videos
4) Manual
5) Websites
6) E-mails
7) Posters
8) Equipment warning labels

13. • ANSI (American National Standard Institute) Z535.4 – 2007
• Research in this area can be summarized in terms of three
basic categories:

14. 03
02
01
Signal Word
Signal words, such as Danger, Warning,
and Caution, call attention to the
hazards and have been classified for use
according to the perceived level of risk
associated with them.
Text Message
The text of a warning label may
identify the hazard, how to avoid
it, and the consequences of not
avoiding it.
Text should be Readable.
Safety Symbol
The use of symbols and
graphical images is a simple
safety system used to convey
safety messages at a glance.
Colors and symbols appropriately used can
provide information and warnings of hazards
which are essential to safety at work, and in some
instances may be independent of language

15. • Safety red
• Fire
• Danger
• Stop
• Safety orange
• Warning
• Safety yellow
• Caution
• Safety green
• Safety
• Safety blue
• Notice Safety Sign Headers

16. • Context is the physical and psychological environments in which
communication takes place and, therefore, is a key component of
understanding message transmission and reception.
• All communication occurs within some context that influences the
meaning and effectiveness of a message
• Examples

17. • Work environments have
different psychological contexts
related to safety, often
described as safety cultures.
1. Stronger Safety Cultures
2. Weaker Safety Cultures
01
Stronger safety
cultures promote
safety-first attitudes or
otherwise prioritize
and reward safe
behavior
Stronger Safety
Cultures
02
weaker safety cultures
have a lax attitude
toward safety, fewer
resources devoted to
safety, and may even
develop the norm of
permitting unsafe
behavior
Weaker Safety
Cultures

18. 01
02
03
03
Audience Characteristics
Categorized on the basis of:
• Experience
• Age
• Attitudes towards risk
Sender Characteristics
Depends upon:
• Authorization (e.g. Govt. warning)
• Documentation
• Information Sources
• Way to communicate
Channel Characteristics
The channel is the method or
medium for communicating
safety information.
02
Psychological context may influence all types of safety channels, including warning labels

19. The role of equipment warning labels in the safety information
program of a wood working operation.
• Locations of warning labels on table saw. Notes. Illustrations by Rachael Anderson.

20. 1) Make a group of students (workers). All workers used industrial equipment common to
many woodworking operations.
2) In order not to influence normal working environment workers were not told about the
warning labels.
3) At the beginning of the semester, workers received their usual training, which included
instructions and warnings regarding the safe use of the equipment in the form of 30 min
of instructor-provided face to-face training, watching a 20-min training video, and reading
safety handouts.
4) Workers began to use the table saw immediately after their training, and throughout the
semester they received periodic on-the-job training from their instructor.
5) At the end of the semester on the last day of class, workers were simply asked to fill out a
short questionnaire on workplace safety.
6) Participation was voluntary and the study was approved by a University Human Subjects
Committee. None of the participants were injured using the table saw during the time
frame of this study.

21. Table 01
Written Responses From Workers who Indicated That They “Notice and
Read” and/or “Notice, Read, Remembered” the Warning Label(s)

22. Table 02
Cross-Tabulation of Noticing and Remembering Warning Labels by
Experience

23. Table 03
Mean Ratings by Method Utilizing a 1 (ineffective) to 10 (effective) Likert-
Type Scale for Each Method

24. And that brings me to the
end of my presentation 🙂
Let me give you a summary
of what We’ve been talking
over the last 10 minutes

25. • Message characteristics of warning labels
a) warning labels are noticed and understood
b) how well warnings can be expected to work.
• Industrial equipment warning labels may provide an important safety
reminder for some workers but they do not function as a primary
information source.
• Moreover, a causal link between warning labels and accidents is difficult to
establish given all of the factors that impinge on human behavior in the
workplace.
• In closing, there is no effective substitute for face-to-face training in the
industrial workplace, and when questions arise concerning:
How well employees are instructed and warned?