The document describes how to build Ring and its extensions on MacOS X. It involves cloning the Ring source code from GitHub, installing prerequisite libraries using Homebrew, and running build scripts to compile Ring, its compiler/VM, and various extensions like RingODBC, RingMySQL, RingSQLite etc. The build scripts generate C/C++ source code for some extensions before compiling them. The document also covers building Ring using CMake.

1. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3
9.4 Building using MacOS X
Get the source code
git clone http://github.com/ring-lang/ring.git
Install homebrew (follow the directions on homebrew’s homepage). Install Libraries
cd ring/src
./installdepmac.sh
Build Ring (Compiler/VM)
./buildclang.sh
Build RingODBC
cd ../extensions/ringodbc
./buildclang.sh
Build RingMySQL
cd ../extensions/ringmysql
./buildclang.sh
Build RingSQLite
cd ../extensions/ringsqlite
./buildclang.sh
Build RingOpenSSL
cd ../extensions/ringopenssl
./buildclang.sh
Build RingInternet
cd ../extensions/ringinternet
./buildclang.sh
Generate RingAllegro Source Code and Build
cd ../extensions/ringallegro
./gencode.sh
./buildclang.sh
Generate RingLibCurl Source Code and Build
cd ../extensions/ringcurl
./gencode.sh
./buildclang.sh
Generate RingZip Source Code and Build
cd ../extensions/ringzip
./gencode.sh
./buildclang.sh
Generate RingFreeGLUT Source Code and Build
9.4. Building using MacOS X 125

2. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3
cd ../extensions/ringfreeglut
./gencode.sh
./buildclang.sh
Generate RingOpenGL Source Code and Build
The ringopengl folder contains many sub folders for different OpenGL versions Starting from OpenGL 1.1 to OpenGL
4.6
cd ../extensions/ringopengl/opengl21
./gencode.sh
./buildclang.sh
Generate RingQt Source Code and Build
cd ../extensions/ringqt
./gencode.sh
./buildclang.sh
To be able to call ring from any folder
cd ../../bin
sudo ./install.sh
Run Ring Notepad
cd applications/rnote
sudo ring rnote.ring
9.5 Building using CMake
Install libraries (MySQL Client, OpenSSL, LibCurl, Allegro 5 and Qt 5.5)
cmake .
make
9.5. Building using CMake 126

3. CHAPTER
TEN
HOW TO CONTRIBUTE?
Ring is a free-open source project, Everyone is welcome to contribute to Ring.
Project Home : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring
You can help in many parts in the project
• Documentation
• Testing
• Samples
• Applications
• Editors Support
• Libraries in Ring
• Extensions in C/C++
• Compiler and Virtual Machine (VM)
• Ideas and suggestions
10.1 Special thanks to contributors
Throughout the creation of this project, Ring relied heavily on contributions from experts along with college students.
Their input was invaluable, and we want to take a moment to thank them and recognize them for all of their hard work.
Ring Team: http://ring-lang.sf.net/team.html
10.2 Documentation
You can modify anything in the documentation, by updating the text files (*.txt) in this folder : https://github.com/ring-
lang/ring/tree/master/docs/source
The documentation is created using Sphinx : http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/stable/
10.3 Testing
You can write new tests in this folder
https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/tree/master/tests/scripts
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4. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3
10.4 Samples
You can add new samples to this folder
https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/tree/master/samples/other
10.5 Applications
You can add new applications to this folder
https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/tree/master/applications
10.6 Editors Support
You can help in supporting Ring in different code editors
Check the next folder
https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/tree/master/editor
10.7 Libraries in Ring
You can update and add libraries to this folder
https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/tree/master/ringlibs
10.8 Extensions in C/C++
You can add and update extensions in this folder
https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/tree/master/extensions
10.9 Compiler and Virtual Machine (VM)
• Source Code (C Language) : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/tree/master/src
• Visual Source (PWCT) : https://github.com/ring-lang/ring/tree/master/visualsrc
10.10 Ideas and suggestions
You can share your ideas, suggestions and questions in this group
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/ring-lang
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5. CHAPTER
ELEVEN
GETTING STARTED - FIRST STYLE
11.1 Hello World
The next program prints the Hello World message on the screen (std-out).
see "Hello World"
11.2 Run the program
to run the program, save the code in a file, for example : hello.ring then from the command line or terminal, run it
using the ring interpreter
ring hello.ring
11.3 Not Case-Sensitive
Since the Ring language is not case-sensitive, the same program can be written in different styles
Tip: It’s better to select one style and use it in all of the program source code
SEE "Hello World"
See "Hello World"
11.4 Multi-Line literals
Using Ring we can write multi-line literal, see the next example
See "
Hello
Welcome to the Ring programming language
How are you?
"
Also you can use the nl constant to insert new line and you can use the + operator to concatenate strings
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6. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3
Note: nl value means a new line and the actual codes that represent a newline is different between operating systems
See "Hello" + nl + "Welcome to the Ring programming language" +
nl + "How are you?"
11.5 Getting Input
You can get the input from the user using the give command
See "What is your name? "
Give cName
See "Hello " + cName
11.6 No Explicit End For Statements
You don’t need to use ‘;’ or press ENTER to separate statements. The previous program can be written in one line.
See "What is your name? " give cName see "Hello " + cName
11.7 Writing Comments
We can write one line comments and multi-line comments
The comment starts with # or //
Multi-lines comments are written between /* and */
/*
Program Name : My first program using Ring
Date : 2016.09.09
Author : Mahmoud Fayed
*/
See "What is your name? " # print message on screen
give cName # get input from the user
see "Hello " + cName # say hello!
// See "Bye!"
Note: Using // to comment a lines of code is just a code style.
11.5. Getting Input 130

7. CHAPTER
TWELVE
GETTING STARTED - SECOND STYLE
12.1 Hello World
The next program prints the Hello World message on the screen (std-out).
put "Hello World"
12.2 Run the program
to run the program, save the code in a file, for example : hello.ring then from the command line or terminal, run it
using the ring interpreter
ring hello.ring
12.3 Not Case-Sensitive
Since the Ring language is not case-sensitive, the same program can be written in different styles
Tip: It’s better to select one style and use it in all of the program source code
PUT "Hello World"
Put "Hello World"
12.4 Multi-Line literals
Using Ring we can write multi-line literal, see the next example
Put "
Hello
Welcome to the Ring programming language
How are you?
"
Also you can use the nl constant to insert new line and you can use the + operator to concatenate strings
131

8. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3
Note: nl value means a new line and the actual codes that represent a newline is different between operating systems
Put "Hello" + nl + "Welcome to the Ring programming language" +
nl + "How are you?"
12.5 Getting Input
You can get the input from the user using the get command
Put "What is your name? "
Get cName
Put "Hello " + cName
12.6 No Explicit End For Statements
You don’t need to use ‘;’ or press ENTER to separate statements. The previous program can be written in one line.
Put "What is your name? " get cName put "Hello " + cName
12.7 Writing Comments
We can write one line comments and multi-line comments
The comment starts with # or //
Multi-lines comments are written between /* and */
/*
Program Name : My first program using Ring
Date : 2016.09.09
Author : Mahmoud Fayed
*/
Put "What is your name? " # print message on screen
get cName # get input from the user
put "Hello " + cName # say hello!
// Put "Bye!"
Note: Using // to comment a lines of code is just a code style.
12.5. Getting Input 132

9. CHAPTER
THIRTEEN
GETTING STARTED - THIRD STYLE
13.1 Hello World
The next program prints the Hello World message on the screen (std-out).
load "stdlib.ring"
print("Hello World")
13.2 Run the program
to run the program, save the code in a file, for example : hello.ring then from the command line or terminal, run it
using the ring interpreter
ring hello.ring
13.3 Not Case-Sensitive
Since the Ring language is not case-sensitive, the same program can be written in different styles
Tip: It’s better to select one style and use it in all of the program source code
LOAD "stdlib.ring"
PRINT("Hello World")
Load "stdlib.ring"
Print("Hello World")
13.4 Multi-Line literals
Using Ring we can write multi-line literal, see the next example
Load "stdlib.ring"
Print("
Hello
Welcome to the Ring programming language
How are you?
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10. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3
")
Also you can use the n to insert new line and you can use #{variable_name} to insert variables values.
Load "stdlib.ring"
Print( "HellonWelcome to the Ring programming languagenHow are you?")
13.5 Getting Input
You can get the input from the user using the getstring() function
Load "stdlib.ring"
Print("What is your name? ")
cName = GetString()
Print("Hello #{cName}")
13.6 No Explicit End For Statements
You don’t need to use ‘;’ or press ENTER to separate statements. The previous program can be written in one line.
Load "stdlib.ring"
Print("What is your name? ") cName=getstring() print("Hello #{cName}")
13.7 Writing Comments
We can write one line comments and multi-line comments
The comment starts with # or //
Multi-lines comments are written between /* and */
/*
Program Name : My first program using Ring
Date : 2016.09.09
Author : Mahmoud Fayed
*/
Load "stdlib.ring"
Print("What is your name? ") # print message on screen
cName=GetString() # get input from the user
print("Hello #{cName}") # say hello!
// print("Bye!")
Note: Using // to comment a lines of code is just a code style.
13.5. Getting Input 134