Personality refers to the totality and distinctive qualities that make up an individual. The document discusses the major factors that influence moral development and behavior, including family as the first socializing agents, peer groups and social approval, school providing opportunities for improvement, and church as an agent of social control. It also outlines four approaches to moral development: psychoanalytic focused on superego dominance, learning theory focused on upbringing and examples, social-group development focused on expectations, and cognitive-developmental focused on intelligent adaptations to the environment.