The document summarizes Niccolo Machiavelli's book "The Prince". Some of the key ideas discussed include that politics is an art and science separate from ethics, history can provide lessons for governance, and that a ruler's priority should be maintaining power and control rather than moral concerns. Machiavelli argues that for a ruler to be successful, they may need to act in cunning and pragmatic ways, even if unethical, such as deceiving the people and not being bound by traditional norms. Critics view Machiavelli's philosophy as justifying cunning and duplicitous behavior in politics.

1. The Prince by
Nicolo Machiavelli
PRESENTED BY:
Khawaja Muhammad Zaheer
M.Com.-I (A)
IMPCC

2. The Prince (De Princi Putibus)
 Written in 1505 by Nicolo Machiavelli
during European Renaissance.
 Identical book written by Chankya
Kotlya named ARTH SHASTRA in 321
BC.
 Politics is an art and science and
should not be confused with ethics and
religion.
 History repeats itself so we can draw
principals of governance by keeping
that history in front of us.

3. The Objective Study
 Statecraft
 Politics
 Power
 Leadership
 Leader
 Ethics
 Personal Skills

4. Machiavellian Thought
 All States, all powers, that have held and hold
rule over men have been and are either
republics or principalities.
 One change always leaves the toothing for
another.
 When states are acquired in a country
differing in language, customs, or laws, there
are difficulties, and good fortune and great
energy are needed to hold them, and one of
the greatest and most real helps would be
that he who has acquired them should go and
reside there.

5. Machiavellian Thought
 If one is on the spot disorders are seen as
they spring up, and one can quickly remedy
them.
 The wish to acquire is in truth very natural
and common.
 He who is the cause of another becoming
powerful is ruined.
 For consolidation of rule, every tactic is
justifiable and the ruler has every right to do
whatever he deems fit.

6. Machiavellian Thought
 Sources of evil can yield good results
sometimes.
 A ruler should not take interest in spiritual and
religious matters of his subjects. He needs
not be religious but he should pretend to be
religious.
 Roman Catholic Church’s excessive
interference in the affairs of state was one of
the reason in the downfall of Great Roman
Empire.

7. Machiavellian Thought
 A strong military and militia is inevitable
for a states survival.
 The people who get the rule by virtue of
their abilities are the one who get this
with many hardships but they lose it
quite easily.
 Nothing more difficult work in this world
than to make sure continuity of rule.

8. Machiavellian Thought
 A reformist ruler increases his friends
and foes both.
 It is human instinct that it resists
change.
 All the Prophets who were armed were
successful.
 The prince should get success using
power.

9. Machiavellian Thought
 Ruler should implement the restrictions and
tyrannies as soon as he resumes the charge.
 Providing facilities and doing welfare should
be gradual.
 A ruler who seeks goodness in each task will
be a failure. He should be pragmatic.
 a ruler is not bound by traditional ethical
norms.

10. Machiavellian Thought
 The ruler should not disclose his weaknesses
which can be exploited by opportunists.
 The ruler should and must avoid people’s
hatred.

He should be such that people get scared by
the very sight of him and at the same time do
not hate him.

A ruler needs not be faithful.
 A ruler should mix qualities of lion and fox in his
personality.

11. Machiavellian Thought
 The ruler should conceal his real aims
and intentions.
 He should not talk against religion,
human dignity, dogmas and creeds and
culture.
 The appearance should be complete.

12. Criticism
 His name is a synonym for cunning and
duplicity.
 Machiavellianism, as a term, has been used
to describe the principles of power politics,
and the type of person who uses those
principles in political or personal life is
frequently described as a Machiavellian.