The document outlines the philosophical foundations and historical evolution of the Philippine education system. It describes how the aims and types of education changed under different ruling regimes from pre-Spanish times to the present day K-12 program. Key influences included promoting Christianity under Spanish rule, teaching democracy under American rule, and developing vocational skills. More recently, the education system emphasizes student-centered learning, cultural appreciation, and adapting to international standards. The core of the Philippine education system has been catering to learners' needs through applying philosophical foundations to continually improve quality.

1. THE PHILOSOPHICAL
FOUNDATIONS OF
PHILIPPINE EDUCATION:
THEN AND NOW
Educ 601 – Philosophical Foundation of Education

4. • Aims of Education: survival; conformity, and enculturation
• Type of Education: informal-practical training
Pre- Spanish
(before 1521)
• Aims of Education: promote Christianity and Spanish language
• Type of Education: formal religious education
Spanish Regime
(1521-1896)
• Aims of Education: teach democracy, separation of the state
and church, public school system
• Type of Education: formal education which focuses on 3Rs.
American
(1898-1935
THE PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION: THEN AND NOW
Historical Foundations of Education in the Philippines

5. • Aims of Education: develop moral character, vocational efficiency,
preparation for independence
• Type of Education: formal and vocational education
Commonwealth
(1935-1946)
• Aims of Education: love of labor, military training
• Type of Education: formal and vocational education
Japanese
(1941-1944)
• Aims of Education: morality, responsibility, helping the
community and cultural heritage
• Type of Education: formal and vocational education
Liberation
(1944-1946)
THE PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION: THEN AND
NOW
Historical Foundations of Education in the Philippines

6. • Aims of Education: appreciation of culture, preservation of historical
heritage, use of Filipino books and literature, bilingualism
• Type of Education: formal and vocational education
Philippine 3rd Republic
(1946-1972)
• Aims of Education: love of country, duties of citizenship, self
discipline,
• Type of Education: formal and vocational education
The New Society
(BEC)
(1972-2012)
The implementation of K to 12 is the product of the need to
compete with the international standards
K to 12 (EBEP)
(2012-present)
THE PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION: THEN AND NOW
Historical Foundations of Education in the Philippines

7. • Aims of Education: appreciation of culture, preservation of historical
heritage, use of Filipino books and literature, bilingualism
• Type of Education: formal and vocational education
Philippine 3rd Republic
(1946-1972)
• Aims of Education: love of country, duties of citizenship, self
discipline,
• Type of Education: formal and vocational education
The New Society
(BEC)
(1972-2012)
The implementation of K to 12 is the product of the need to
compete with the international standards
K to 12 (EBEP)
(2012-present)
THE PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION: THEN AND NOW
Historical Foundations of Education in the Philippines

8. THE PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION: THEN AND
NOW
SEVEN PRINCIPLES OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION
1. Education should promote the Filipino culture and foster the sense of
national pride.
2. Education should have a program based on an understanding and
assessment of social forces and conditions of the present generations.
3. Education should bring the school closer to the people.
4. Education should have a program both practical and effective.
5. Educational programs should provide opportunities for all types of learners.
6. Education should focus on the child , becoming the center of educational activities.
7. Education requires the formulation of objectives in terms of pupil’s growth and not
in terms of subject matter.

9. THE PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION: THEN AND
NOW
PHILOSOPHY OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION
 The Philippine Educational System has undergone various modifications
 The Philippine Educational System significantly influenced by Dr. John Dewey’s
philosophical perspectives
 Dewey emphasized the importance of student’s voice in the education process
 Dewey emphasized the importance of student’s voice in the education process
 Pragmatist and cognitive constructivist ideas are reflective in the K-12 program
 Inquiry- based learning and spiral approach are incorporated into the present
curriculum

10. THE PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION: THEN AND
NOW
PHILOSOPHY OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION
Deweyen Principle Utilized in the Present Curriculum in the Philippines
 The nature of the child is made the center of the educative process.
 The theory of self-activity is made the center or basis of learning.
 Activity program is the core of the curriculum

12. The center of evolution of the
Philippine education system is to
cater the needs of each learners
through the application of various
philosophical foundations that plays
a vital role in improving the quality
of the entire educational system

13. REFERENCES
• Foundation of Education | Historical Development of Philippine Education | Mary
Joie Padron –YouTube
• Principles and Philosophy of Philippine Education –YouTube
• A world where fish are forced to climb trees -YouTube