2. At the end of the lesson, the students should be able
to:
Classify the elements, periods, and group in the
periodic table
Participate and perform the activities
Strengthen their appreciation of the significance of
elements in our daily lives
7. • The horizontal rows of the periodic table are called
PERIODS.
• The vertical columns are called families or groups
• Elements in the same family have similar physical and
chemical properties
THE PERIODIC TABLE
8.
9. • METALS ARE ON THE LEFT AND IN THE CENTRE OF
THE PERIODIC TABLE
• METALS HAVE THE FOLLOWING PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES:
• CONDUCT HEAT AND ELECTRICITY
• DUCTILE AND MALLEABLE
• SHINY
• SOLID AT ROOM TEMPERATURE (EXCEPT MERCURY
METAL
S
10. • METALS HAVE THE FOLLOWING
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
• CAN EASILY CORRODE/OXIDIZE
• REACT WITH ACID TO RELEASE
HYDROGEN GAS
METALS
11. • NON-METALS ARE ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE
PERIODIC TABLE
• NON-METALS HAVE THE FOLLOWING PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES:
• POOR CONDUCTORS OF HEAT AND ELECTRICITY
• USUALLY SOLID OR GAS AT ROOM
TEMPERATURE (ONLY BROMINE IS A LIQUID AT
ROOM TEMPERATURE).
NON-METALS
12. • NON-METALS HAVE A WIDE RANGE OF
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITIES
• have a tendency to gain electrons in a
chemical reaction
NON METALS
13. • METALS ARE SEPARATED FROM NON-METALS BY A
STAIRCASE OF ELEMENTS CALLED METALLOIDS
• Metalloids are elements with properties intermediate
between metals and non-metals
METALLOIDS
14. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
• SOLID AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
• CAN BE SHINY OR DULL
• BRITTLE (NOT DUCTILE)
• MAY CONDUCT ELECTRICITY, POOR CONDUCTOR OF
HEAT
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
• VARY
METALLOIDS
16. CHEMICAL FAMILIES
ALKALI METALS (GROUP 1)
REACTIVITY:
• REACTS EASILY WITH WATER AND AIR
• REACTS EASILY WITH HALOGENS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
• SHINY, SILVERY
• ONLY FOUND IN NATURE AS COMPOUNDS
• COMPOUNDS ARE WHITE SOLIDS SOLUBLE IN
WATER
17. CHEMICAL FAMILIES
ALKALINE EARTH METALS (GROUP 2)
REACTIVITY:
• LESS REACTIVE THAN GROUP 1 METALS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
• SHINY, SILVERY
• FORMS COMPOUNDS THAT ARE OFTEN
INSOLUBLE IN WATER
18. HALOGENS (GROUP 17)
REACTIVITY:
• REACTS EASILY WITH
ALKALI METALS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
• POISONOUS
• EXISTS NATURALLY AS
COMPOUNDS
CHEMICAL FAMILIES
19. Noble Gases (Group 18)
Reactivity:
• inert, stable, unreactive
• can be excited by electricity to produce
colours, but are chemically unchanged
Physical Properties:
• colourless, odourless gases at room
temperature
• does not form compounds
CHEMICAL FAMILIES
20. FOR EXAMPLE, NEON IS THE CLOSEST NOBLE GAS IN THE
PERIODIC TABLE TO SODIUM, MAGNESIUM AND ALUMINUM
NOBLE GASES
21. In your own words what is the
importance of elements in your
daily life?
22. COLUMN A
_____1. Aluminum
_____2. Oxygen
_____3. Iron
_____4. Hydrogen
_____5. Magnesium
COLUMN B
A.Mg
B.Fe
C.Al
D.H
E.O
A. Match the following symbols to their elements.
Write your answer on the blank before the
number
23. B. Encircle the letter of the correct answer
1.A _____ is a row on the periodic table
a.Group
b.Element
c. Period
d. Table
2.______ Is a column on the periodic table?
a.Group
b.Element
c.Period
d.Table
3.How many periods are there in a periodic table?
24. a.6
b.7
c.8
d.9
4.How many groups are there in a periodic table?
a.11
b.13
c.10
d.18
5.Who founded the periodic table of the elements?
a.Dmitri Mendeleev
b.Bill Gates
c.Albert Einstein
d.Henry Sy
What is the elements of the green colored? Very good, how about this one?
What is the element have you seen in purple? is this a metalloids
What is the elements have you seen in orange?
But before we proceed to our next activity, I want to ask one of you, alexa. what have you noticed on the images?
-Excellent answer, alexa.
1.7.2013
1.7.2013
1.7.2013
so the first group we're going to look at here is the metals and most of the elements on the periodic table are elements so all of the green-colored elements here on this table those are all metals and metals have specific properties metals are shiny or lustrous they are malleable which means they can be hammered out into sheets they are ductile which means they can be drawn out into wires they are great conductors of both electricity and heat and they are generally solids at room temperature with the exception of mercury which is hg number 80 so that's what metals are
the nonmetals it's a fairly small group compared to the metals and the nonmetals are not shiny they are brittle so they very easily break they are very poor conductors of electricity most nonmetals are gases some are solids and one is a liquid at room temperature so they're kind of all over the place they're not mostly all solid like the metals are
and then the last group we
have here is the metalloids and the metalloids are characteristics or have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals so they're kind of similar to metals kind of similar to nonmetals for example silicon is shiny and silvery that it is not malleable can't really hammer it out metalloids can conduct electricity but not always very well
periodic table can also be split into several other groups and specifically groups we remember the vertical columns
in the periodic table. these groups in the periodic table show very similar chemical properties so many of these
groups have their own names so we're going to go through a several of those.
we'll look at the alkali metals these are the metals found at the far far left side of the periodic table and just like the halogens these are extremely reactive elements. these will even react with water and air so these metals are usually stored in oil because if you just leave them out in the air they will slowly burn away and if you throw any of them in water for instance the sodium or potassium they'll actually catch on fire. that's how reactive they're these metals are soft enough to cut with a knife so usually you think of metals is very hard but these are kind of soft like some sort of metallic play-doh they're very common metals and almost always found in compounds and that's because they're so reactive that they will react with another element very quickly to become part of some larger compound they all form ions with the charge of +1 and they have a combining capacity of 1 which of course means they can bond with one other atom at a time
so right next door
Alkaline Earth Metals we have the alkaline earth metals this is the second group on the periodic table and these, guys will form ions with a charge of +2 and they all have a combining capacity of 2 which means they can bond with two other atoms at one time and they are reactive like the alkali metals but less so so they're not quite as reactive. now if we look at the size of the elements on the periodic table you'll see that there is a very specific pattern that emerges as well the atoms. increase in size as you go from the right to the left and from the top to the bottom so as you go right-to-left the atoms get bigger and as you go from top to bottom the atoms get bigger which means the largest atom would be number 87 every francium however that largest atom is only about three times bigger than the smallest atom even though it has a mass hundreds of times greater . so the size of the atom does not increase as much as the mass increases
We have halogens and these are the nonmetals found right beside the noble gases on the periodic table. so they're over the far right as well and although they're very close to the noble gases in the periodic table. they're very dissimilar in their reactivity so these are very reactive elements and they're almost always found as compounds they have a charge of negative one. so this whole column will form charges of negative one. when they become ions and they can bond with one other atom of an element so they have a combining capacity of one so that basically means that they can in a chemical reaction they can link up with one other element at a time
so first up is the noble gases
these are the gases found on the far right of the periodic table these gases are all unreactive. they do not interact with any of the other elements or themselves, they are basically loners, they if there's a helium atom out there it's probably by itself. it's not trying to make some sort of compound because they just don't do that. they will glow if electricity passes through the gas for instance neon lights. you've probably heard of neon lights before they are filled with the noble gas neon so that's one fun fact about noble gases and they are all colorless, odorless, tasteless and unreactive gases so they seem rather boring but they're actually very important and how all of chemistry works
So that’s all for today. Any question or clarification? If none, Get ready for our activity
Group yourselves into 4 groups. The group that finishes first will gets a prize.
ACTIVITY TITLE: BINGO OF ELEMENTS
The elements are important to our daily lives because In comparison, compounds are essential since we use them in our daily living like food and water.
So for our first quiz, get 1 whole sheet of paper
Are you done?
So now for our assignment. So that’s all for today, let’s all stand for closing prayer
The name of the father, the son, and to the holy spirit. Dear god thank you for all the things that we have learned today. (AMEN)
