The passive for 4 eso
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The document discusses the passive voice and how it is used when the focus is on the action rather than the subject performing the action. It provides examples of using the passive voice in the present simple, past simple, and future tenses. It also discusses using the agent "by" when specifying who or what caused the action. Finally, it provides examples of changing sentences with two objects to the passive voice.
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The passive voice
This document discusses the passive voice and how it is used when the focus is on the action rather than the subject performing the action. It provides examples of changing sentences from the active to passive voice using various tenses. It also discusses some specific uses of the passive voice, including with indirect objects, reporting verbs, the verbs "get" and "have", modal verbs, the verb "be born", and the phrase "be supposed to".
Reportedspeech 1
Reported speech is used to report what someone said in the past. When using reported speech, verb tenses change and pronouns may change depending on who is speaking. Time and place expressions also change to reflect when the original statement was made rather than when it is being reported. Reporting verbs like "said" introduce the reported part of the statement.
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This document discusses reported speech, which is when someone reports or repeats the words that another person said. It explains that reported speech can use either direct quotation marks or a reporting clause. When using reported speech, the tenses and some words may change from what was originally said. For example, "I travel a lot" would become "He said that he travelled a lot." The document provides examples of how different tenses like present simple, present continuous, past simple, etc. are changed in reported speech. It also discusses changing expressions of time and location. Finally, it lists common reporting verbs used to introduce reported speech.
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The document discusses how to report speech in indirect or reported speech. It provides examples of changing direct speech into reported speech by modifying verb tenses and pronouns based on the tense used in the original direct speech. It also discusses how to report different types of speech like questions, commands, requests, and suggestions.
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This document provides information on different types of pronouns in English, including reported speech, present and past participles, the modal verb "should", reflexive pronouns, personal pronouns, and indefinite pronouns. For each pronoun type, it gives definitions and examples. It also provides links to additional online resources for further information on reported speech, participles, modal verbs like "should", and different categories of pronouns.
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The document discusses reported speech and the differences between direct and reported speech. It notes that in reported speech, verb tenses, pronouns, place and time references are typically changed. For example, present tenses may become past tenses, pronouns like "I" become "she/he", "here" becomes "there", and "now" becomes "then". However, verbs are not changed in some cases like when reporting a fact, future event, or when reporting something immediately after it was said. The document also discusses how to report statements, questions, and commands in indirect speech.
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Reportedspeech 1
Reported speech is used to report what someone said in the past. When using reported speech, verb tenses change and pronouns may change depending on who is speaking. Time and place expressions also change to reflect when the original statement was made rather than when it is being reported. Reporting verbs like "said" introduce the reported part of the statement.
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This document discusses reported speech, which is when someone reports or repeats the words that another person said. It explains that reported speech can use either direct quotation marks or a reporting clause. When using reported speech, the tenses and some words may change from what was originally said. For example, "I travel a lot" would become "He said that he travelled a lot." The document provides examples of how different tenses like present simple, present continuous, past simple, etc. are changed in reported speech. It also discusses changing expressions of time and location. Finally, it lists common reporting verbs used to introduce reported speech.
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The document discusses reported speech and the differences between direct and reported speech. It notes that in reported speech, verb tenses, pronouns, place and time references are typically changed. For example, present tenses may become past tenses, pronouns like "I" become "she/he", "here" becomes "there", and "now" becomes "then". However, verbs are not changed in some cases like when reporting a fact, future event, or when reporting something immediately after it was said. The document also discusses how to report statements, questions, and commands in indirect speech.
Reported speech
This document discusses how to report speech in indirect form by making various changes to pronouns, verbs, adverbs, and word order. Key points:
- Commands, requests, suggestions are reported using an object + infinitive construction with "to." Pronouns are added for clarity.
- Verb tenses and pronouns change when reporting past speech. Present tenses become past, and pronouns like "I" become "he/she."
- Questions are reported with changes to verb tenses, pronouns, adverbs and word order - interrogative word order becomes statement order.
Reported Speech: statements
This document discusses direct and indirect (reported) speech. Direct speech repeats the original speaker's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech conveys the meaning without necessarily using the exact words. When changing direct speech to indirect speech, some changes are usually necessary, such as changing pronouns and adjectives to the third person and adjusting expressions of time and place. Verb tenses also need to change depending on whether the reporting verb is in the past or present tense. Examples are provided to illustrate these reporting speech rules and changes.
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This document discusses how to report requests, advice, promises, and instructions in reported speech. It notes that verbs like "ask", "advise", and "tell" can be used followed by a pronoun and infinitive. Tense and pronoun changes are required. Negative sentences also require changes. Examples are provided for reporting yes/no questions using "if" or "whether" and changing the tense. Wh-questions do not change word order and do not require auxiliary verbs in reported speech. Reporting suggestions and commands may require using the subjunctive form.
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The document discusses the passive voice in English grammar. It provides examples of active and passive voice constructions and explains the structure of a passive sentence. Key points covered include using "be" as the passive verb and placing the direct object of the active sentence in the subject position for the passive. Special cases involving verbs like "get", "have", and reporting verbs are also outlined.
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The document discusses how to change direct speech into reported speech in English. It provides rules for changing pronouns, tense, time and place adverbs, and word order when converting statements, questions, commands and requests from direct to reported speech. For statements, a reporting verb like "said" is used, followed by "that" and the reported statement. For questions, the reporting verb is usually "asked" and word order changes. Commands become "told to" do something and requests become "asked to" or "asked if/whether" plus the base form of the verb.
Reported Speech
1) Reported speech involves changing verbs, pronouns, possessive adjectives, and some adverbs when reporting what someone else has said. This is done to report the statement in the past tense.
2) Verb tenses change in reported speech, such as present simple becoming past simple. Pronouns and adjectives change depending on who the message is being referred to. Some adverbs like "now" and "there" also change.
3) There are different rules for reporting statements, questions, and commands in sentences. For statements, verbs, pronouns, and adverbs change and the sentence is introduced with "say" or "tell". For questions, word
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The document discusses direct and indirect speech. It explains that direct speech reports what someone said verbatim, while indirect speech reports the essence of what was said with minor changes like changing pronouns and tenses. The key changes that occur when converting direct to indirect speech are: changing verbs to one tense back, changing pronouns, and changing words referring to time and place. Examples are provided for how to report different types of sentences like declarative statements, questions, exclamations, and imperatives.
Reported speech
The document discusses reported or indirect speech, which is used to describe what someone said in the past. It explains that in reported speech, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, and time/place expressions are changed compared to direct speech. Examples are provided showing how direct speech like "I am going now" would change to reported speech like "She said that she was going then." The different types of sentences that can be reported - statements, questions, and commands - are also described.
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This document provides instruction on how to report speech in indirect or reported speech. It explains that some elements need to be changed when reporting what someone said, including pronouns, verb tenses, and time/place adverbials. Verb tenses must shift to the past. Examples are given for reporting statements, questions, orders, and the different verbs used to report speech like "said", "asked", and "told". Reporting verbs that take different structures like gerunds or infinitives are also outlined. The purpose is to teach the proper way to change direct speech into indirect speech when reporting what someone said.
Reported speech
The document discusses how to change direct speech into reported speech. It explains that reported speech is used to tell someone else what was said without using the exact words. Pronouns and verb tenses often need to be changed. For statements, questions, requests and orders, the tense typically changes to the past tense if the reporting verb is in the past tense. Question words stay the same but the grammar changes to a normal sentence. Requests use "asked to" and orders use "told to" followed by the infinitive verb. Examples are provided to illustrate these reported speech rules.
Direct And Indirect Speech
The document discusses direct and indirect speech. Direct speech uses exact words from a speaker and uses quotation marks, while indirect speech does not use the exact words and does not use quotation marks. When changing from direct to indirect speech, pronouns, tenses, adverbs of time and place may need to change according to reporting formulas. Verb tenses only change if the reporting verb is in the past tense.
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The document discusses direct and indirect speech. It explains that direct speech uses quotation marks and reports someone's exact words, while indirect speech uses a reporting verb and changes verbs and pronouns. It provides examples of how to change verb tenses, pronouns, and other elements like time expressions when changing direct to indirect speech. The document also covers how to report questions, orders, advice and suggestions in indirect speech.
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1) Reported or indirect speech is used to report what another person has said without using their exact words. Pronouns, verb tenses, place and time expressions may need to be changed depending on whether a statement is being reported.
2) When reporting statements, pronouns often need to be changed depending on who is speaking. Verb tenses also need to be changed if the statement is being reported in the past tense through a process called "backshifting."
3) Place and time expressions referenced in direct speech also often need to be altered to reflect when the statement is being reported rather than when it was originally said.
Reported speech
This document provides an overview of how to change direct speech into reported or indirect speech. It discusses how to change verb tenses, pronouns, time and place expressions, and other elements when moving from direct to reported speech. Reporting verbs are categorized based on whether they are reporting statements, questions, commands, suggestions, or advice. Verb tense changes and exceptions are also outlined.
Reported Speech
There are two main ways to report someone's words: direct speech uses exact words, while indirect speech makes the words part of the reporting sentence by changing pronouns, tenses, and other words as needed based on changes in situation. Basic rules for indirect speech include changing pronouns and tenses to reflect a change in speaker or time. Reported questions do not use question marks or auxiliary "do", and yes/no questions are reported with "if/whether" while wh-questions use the interrogative without inversion. Certain verbs like "promise" and "order" are reported with infinitives or object + infinitive when reporting actions.
DIRECT AND INDIRECT NARRATION
This document provides information on direct and indirect narration including:
- Direct speech uses quotation marks and is word for word, indirect speech does not use quotation marks or have to be word for word.
- Pronouns, verbs, adverbs, and other words change according to specific rules when changing from direct to indirect speech.
- The tense of reporting verbs also changes depending on the tense in the original direct speech.
- Imperative, interrogative, exclamatory, and optative sentences also have specific rules for changing to indirect narration.
FUNDAMENTAL RULES OF REPORTED SPEECH
This document discusses direct and indirect speech. Direct speech conveys the original words spoken without changes. Indirect speech reports what was said by making some changes, such as changing verb tenses and pronouns based on the context. The key differences are that direct speech uses quotation marks while indirect speech uses the word "that" and changes verbs and pronouns. The document provides examples of changing direct speech to indirect speech based on tense, including changing will to would for future tense. It also notes that tense may not change if the reported speech expresses a universal truth.
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- Verb tenses and pronouns change when reporting past speech. Present tenses become past, and pronouns like "I" become "he/she."
- Questions are reported with changes to verb tenses, pronouns, adverbs and word order - interrogative word order becomes statement order.
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This document discusses direct and indirect (reported) speech. Direct speech repeats the original speaker's exact words using quotation marks, while indirect speech conveys the meaning without necessarily using the exact words. When changing direct speech to indirect speech, some changes are usually necessary, such as changing pronouns and adjectives to the third person and adjusting expressions of time and place. Verb tenses also need to change depending on whether the reporting verb is in the past or present tense. Examples are provided to illustrate these reporting speech rules and changes.
Reporting requests, advice, instructions, suggestions, commands.
This document discusses how to report requests, advice, promises, and instructions in reported speech. It notes that verbs like "ask", "advise", and "tell" can be used followed by a pronoun and infinitive. Tense and pronoun changes are required. Negative sentences also require changes. Examples are provided for reporting yes/no questions using "if" or "whether" and changing the tense. Wh-questions do not change word order and do not require auxiliary verbs in reported speech. Reporting suggestions and commands may require using the subjunctive form.
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The document discusses the passive voice in English grammar. It provides examples of active and passive voice constructions and explains the structure of a passive sentence. Key points covered include using "be" as the passive verb and placing the direct object of the active sentence in the subject position for the passive. Special cases involving verbs like "get", "have", and reporting verbs are also outlined.
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The document discusses how to change direct speech into reported speech in English. It provides rules for changing pronouns, tense, time and place adverbs, and word order when converting statements, questions, commands and requests from direct to reported speech. For statements, a reporting verb like "said" is used, followed by "that" and the reported statement. For questions, the reporting verb is usually "asked" and word order changes. Commands become "told to" do something and requests become "asked to" or "asked if/whether" plus the base form of the verb.
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1) Reported speech involves changing verbs, pronouns, possessive adjectives, and some adverbs when reporting what someone else has said. This is done to report the statement in the past tense.
2) Verb tenses change in reported speech, such as present simple becoming past simple. Pronouns and adjectives change depending on who the message is being referred to. Some adverbs like "now" and "there" also change.
3) There are different rules for reporting statements, questions, and commands in sentences. For statements, verbs, pronouns, and adverbs change and the sentence is introduced with "say" or "tell". For questions, word
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The document discusses direct and indirect speech. It explains that direct speech reports what someone said verbatim, while indirect speech reports the essence of what was said with minor changes like changing pronouns and tenses. The key changes that occur when converting direct to indirect speech are: changing verbs to one tense back, changing pronouns, and changing words referring to time and place. Examples are provided for how to report different types of sentences like declarative statements, questions, exclamations, and imperatives.
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The document discusses reported or indirect speech, which is used to describe what someone said in the past. It explains that in reported speech, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, and time/place expressions are changed compared to direct speech. Examples are provided showing how direct speech like "I am going now" would change to reported speech like "She said that she was going then." The different types of sentences that can be reported - statements, questions, and commands - are also described.
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Reported speech
This document provides instruction on how to report speech in indirect or reported speech. It explains that some elements need to be changed when reporting what someone said, including pronouns, verb tenses, and time/place adverbials. Verb tenses must shift to the past. Examples are given for reporting statements, questions, orders, and the different verbs used to report speech like "said", "asked", and "told". Reporting verbs that take different structures like gerunds or infinitives are also outlined. The purpose is to teach the proper way to change direct speech into indirect speech when reporting what someone said.
Reported speech
The document discusses how to change direct speech into reported speech. It explains that reported speech is used to tell someone else what was said without using the exact words. Pronouns and verb tenses often need to be changed. For statements, questions, requests and orders, the tense typically changes to the past tense if the reporting verb is in the past tense. Question words stay the same but the grammar changes to a normal sentence. Requests use "asked to" and orders use "told to" followed by the infinitive verb. Examples are provided to illustrate these reported speech rules.
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The document discusses direct and indirect speech. Direct speech uses exact words from a speaker and uses quotation marks, while indirect speech does not use the exact words and does not use quotation marks. When changing from direct to indirect speech, pronouns, tenses, adverbs of time and place may need to change according to reporting formulas. Verb tenses only change if the reporting verb is in the past tense.
Reported speech
The document discusses direct and indirect speech. It explains that direct speech uses quotation marks and reports someone's exact words, while indirect speech uses a reporting verb and changes verbs and pronouns. It provides examples of how to change verb tenses, pronouns, and other elements like time expressions when changing direct to indirect speech. The document also covers how to report questions, orders, advice and suggestions in indirect speech.
Reported speech (indirect speech)
1) Reported or indirect speech is used to report what another person has said without using their exact words. Pronouns, verb tenses, place and time expressions may need to be changed depending on whether a statement is being reported.
2) When reporting statements, pronouns often need to be changed depending on who is speaking. Verb tenses also need to be changed if the statement is being reported in the past tense through a process called "backshifting."
3) Place and time expressions referenced in direct speech also often need to be altered to reflect when the statement is being reported rather than when it was originally said.
Reported speech
This document provides an overview of how to change direct speech into reported or indirect speech. It discusses how to change verb tenses, pronouns, time and place expressions, and other elements when moving from direct to reported speech. Reporting verbs are categorized based on whether they are reporting statements, questions, commands, suggestions, or advice. Verb tense changes and exceptions are also outlined.
Reported Speech
There are two main ways to report someone's words: direct speech uses exact words, while indirect speech makes the words part of the reporting sentence by changing pronouns, tenses, and other words as needed based on changes in situation. Basic rules for indirect speech include changing pronouns and tenses to reflect a change in speaker or time. Reported questions do not use question marks or auxiliary "do", and yes/no questions are reported with "if/whether" while wh-questions use the interrogative without inversion. Certain verbs like "promise" and "order" are reported with infinitives or object + infinitive when reporting actions.
DIRECT AND INDIRECT NARRATION
This document provides information on direct and indirect narration including:
- Direct speech uses quotation marks and is word for word, indirect speech does not use quotation marks or have to be word for word.
- Pronouns, verbs, adverbs, and other words change according to specific rules when changing from direct to indirect speech.
- The tense of reporting verbs also changes depending on the tense in the original direct speech.
- Imperative, interrogative, exclamatory, and optative sentences also have specific rules for changing to indirect narration.
FUNDAMENTAL RULES OF REPORTED SPEECH
This document discusses direct and indirect speech. Direct speech conveys the original words spoken without changes. Indirect speech reports what was said by making some changes, such as changing verb tenses and pronouns based on the context. The key differences are that direct speech uses quotation marks while indirect speech uses the word "that" and changes verbs and pronouns. The document provides examples of changing direct speech to indirect speech based on tense, including changing will to would for future tense. It also notes that tense may not change if the reported speech expresses a universal truth.
Adjective Clause
The document discusses adjective clauses. It defines an adjective clause as a dependent clause that modifies or provides more information about a noun. It explains the different types of relative pronouns (who, whom, which, whose, that) and how they are used based on whether the noun is the subject or object of the clause. Examples are provided to illustrate how different nouns can be modified with adjective clauses using the appropriate relative pronouns. Exercises are included for students to practice forming adjective clauses.
Home and House idioms
This document provides definitions and examples of common idioms and sayings related to houses and home. Some of the idioms explained include "get on like a house on fire" meaning to like each other a lot, "nothing to write home about" meaning not especially good-looking, and "be as safe as houses" meaning to be very safe. Other idioms covered include "bring something home to somebody" meaning to make someone realize something, "bring the house down" meaning to receive a lot of applause, and "do something in-house" meaning to do something yourself.
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The document discusses the passive voice in English. It describes how the passive voice is formed using the appropriate form of the verb "to be" plus the past participle of the main verb. It provides examples of passive constructions in different tenses. It also explains the functions of the passive voice, such as when the subject experiences the action rather than performs it or when the agent is unknown.
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The document discusses passive voice and its uses. It explains that passive voice is used when the focus is on the action rather than the actor. It provides the general structure for forming passive voice and examples of its use in different verb tenses. Specific structures are outlined for verbs that take two objects and common passive expressions like "get" and "it is said/believed/supposed."
SIMPLE PAST - Instituto Universitario Politécnico Santiago Mariño
La siguiente presentación trata sobre la unidad II del curo de inglés 1A del Instituo Universitario Politécnico Santiago Mariño.
Alumna: Beatriz Mendes CI: 27.901.069
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This document discusses two types of writing - descriptions and formal letters. It focuses on providing guidance on writing formal letters, including examples of letters of complaint, application letters, and letters asking for information. The document aims to refresh students' knowledge of these letter types in case they are included in an upcoming exam, as the styles had been covered in previous years of study but may need review.
Conditionals
This document discusses different types of conditional clauses in English. It begins by defining a conditional sentence as having two clauses: a condition (if-clause) and a result (main clause). It then explains zero/present conditionals use the present tense, first conditionals use present/will future, second conditionals use past/would, and third conditionals use past perfect/would have. Mixed conditionals combine tenses. Alternatives to "if" are also discussed like "unless", "in case", and "even if". Formal conditional structures using "should", "had", and "if...were to" are also covered at the end.
Identity theft
The document outlines a teaching unit on identity theft. It introduces key vocabulary related to identity theft, personal identity, and digital competence. Students will work in groups to create pamphlets or leaflets about protecting personal identity. They will include dos and don'ts for digital competence, as well as positive and negative tips using modal verbs. Students will present their leaflets and have them graded using rubrics. The leaflets will then be printed and distributed to other classrooms.
Wishes, regrets and complaints
This document discusses the use of wishes and regrets expressed through language. It explains that "wish" and "if only" are used to express unlikely or impossible things in the past, present or future. For past reference, "wish" is used with the past perfect tense, while for present or future reference it is used with the simple past. "Wish" can also be used with modal verbs like "could" or "have to" to talk about future events. When expressing annoyance at habits, "wish" is used with "would" and a bare infinitive verb. "If only" works in a similar way to "wish" for expressing regrets.
Reported speech
There are two ways to report what someone has said: direct speech and indirect speech. Direct speech uses the exact words of the speaker, while indirect speech conveys the meaning without using the exact words. When changing direct speech to indirect speech, certain changes must be made, such as changing verb tenses, pronouns, adverbs of time and place, and question forms. Different reporting verbs are used depending on whether a statement, question, command, or other structure is being reported.
Reported speech
There are two ways to relate what a person has said: direct and indirect speech. Direct speech uses the person's exact words, while indirect speech conveys the meaning without using their exact words. When changing direct speech to indirect speech, certain changes are usually made, such as changing verb tenses and pronouns. Questions and commands also require specific changes, such as changing the question structure to a statement and changing the introductory verb for commands. Different reporting verbs are used depending on the structure, such as "say" for statements and "ask" for questions.
Relative clauses
This document discusses defining and non-defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses provide essential information about the subject or object of the main clause. Non-defining clauses provide extra information and are separated from the rest of the sentence by commas. Relative pronouns like who, which, and that introduce relative clauses and their usage depends on whether the clause is defining or non-defining. The document also covers reduced relative clauses and the use of what in relative clauses.
Preferences, hopes and wishes
This document discusses different ways to express preferences, wishes, wants and hopes in English. It outlines constructions using "would like", "would prefer", "prefer", and "would rather" followed by nouns or infinitives to indicate preferences. It also discusses expressing wishes using "wish" plus infinitives or objects, fixed expressions with "wish", and hoping for future or unlikely events using "wish", "if only", and conditionals. Wishes can refer to regrets about the past or desires for present or future situations. The document provides examples to illustrate the use of each structure.
Conditionals
Conditional clauses have two parts: the condition (if-clause) and the result (main clause). There are four main types of conditional sentences:
1) Zero/present conditional for real situations that can happen at any time.
2) First conditional for likely future events using present tense in the if-clause and will in the main clause.
3) Second conditional for unlikely or imaginary situations using past tense in both clauses.
4) Third conditional for impossible past situations using past perfect in the if-clause and would have in the main clause.
Ampliación de inglés
La Ampliación de Inglés es una asignatura en la que los estudiantes hablan en inglés, aprenden vocabulario y expresiones, y mejoran su nivel de inglés. Los estudiantes usan un libro que cubre temas de vida personal, escolar, laboral y social. En clase, aprenden vocabulario de cada tema y practican listening y speaking. También crean diálogos y posters sobre los temas. La asignatura ofrece 7 horas de inglés en lugar de 3 y ayuda a los estudiantes a prepararse para exámenes de ingl
Preferences
This document discusses different expressions used to convey preferences, wishes, wants and hopes in English. It outlines the structures for "would like", "would prefer", "prefer", "would rather", "wish", "want", and "hope". For each expression, it provides examples of how they are used with different parts of speech like nouns, verbs, and infinitives. It also distinguishes between uses that refer to past, present or future time frames when expressing wishes or regrets.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
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Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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The passive for 4 eso
- 2. USE OF THE PASSIVE VOICE The passive voice is used when it is not so important who or what did the action. The important thing is the action itself.
- 3. See an example Ex. Someone built this house in 1912 This house was built in 1912
- 4. The agent • When you want to say who or what caused the action in a passive sentence, you use BY Ex. This portrait was painted by Van Gogh
- 5. Present Simple Somebody cleans this room every day. This room is cleaned every day.
- 6. Past Simple Somebody cleaned this room yesterday. This room was cleaned yesterday.
- 7. Future Somebody will clean this room. This room will be cleaned.
- 8. VERBS WITH TWO OBJECTS. They didn’t offer Ann the job (ANN/ THE JOB) I.O. D.O. 1.Ann wasn’t offered the job. 2.The job wasn’t offered to Ann. It is more usual for the passive sentence to begin with the person Other verbs: ASK, TELL, GIVE, SEND, SHOW, TEACH, PAY…
- 9. Some practice Mary cooks chicken very well. Chicken is very well cooked by Mary.
- 10. Edison invented the light bulb. The light bulb was invented by Edison.
- 11. Astra Zeneca will produce many vaccines. Many vaccines will be produced by Astra Zeneca
- 12. Passive with two objects practice Peter gave me an apple Direct objet as subject An apple was given to me by Peter Indirect object as subject I was given an apple by Peter.