This document discusses various types of cybercrimes including software viruses, denial-of-service attacks, and phishing scams. It explains that viruses can infect computers and spread just like biological viruses, stealing or deleting files or allowing remote control of the computer. Denial-of-service attacks use compromised computers in a botnet to overwhelm websites with requests, while phishing scams trick users into sharing passwords or personal information through fraudulent emails appearing to be from legitimate sources. While technology aims to increase security, human errors remain the main cause of most cyber attacks.

1. The Internet-Cybersecurity
and Crime
Made By-Darshan Aswani
Class-Tc2
Subject-Computer Workshop

2. INTRODUCTION TO
CYBERSECURITY
 Today cybercrime causes huge
problems for society
personally, financially, and
even in matters of national
security.
 Just in the last few years,
hundreds of millions of credit
card numbers have been
stolen, tens of millions of
Social Security numbers and
healthcare records were
compromised.
 Even nuclear centrifuges that
have been hacked, and
unmanned aerial drones have
been hijacked.

3.  This is all done by exploiting
vulnerabilities in hardware
and software or more often
by taking advantage of
unintentional decisions
made by the people using
the software.

4.  The people committing these cyber crimes don't fit a single profile or motivation.
 It could be anyone from an international terrorist to a teenager competing for bragging
rights.
 Today the largest countries not only have a regular army but also have a well armed cyber
army.

5. How Cyber Crime Works
Now We will learn about the
I. software viruses,
II. denial-of-service attacks,and
III. phishing scams.

6. Software Viruses
• In biology and life, a virus is an
organism that is spread by
coughing, sneezing, or physical
contact.
• Viruses work by infecting cells,
injecting their genetic material,
and using those cells to replicate.
• They can make people really sick
and then spread to other people.

7. • A computer virus works also bit similarly.
• A virus is an executable program that gets installed, usually
unintentionally, and harms the user and their computer.
• It's also possible for a virus to spread itself to other computers.

8. How does a virus get on your computer?
• There are a couple ways an attacker
can infect someone's computer.
I. They might lure a victim into
installing a program with
deception about the program's
purpose, so for example a lot of
viruses are disguised as security
updates.
II. It's also possible that the software
on your computer has a
vulnerability, so an attacker can
install itself without even needing
explicit permission.

9. • Once a virus is on your computer it can
1. steal or delete any of your files
2. control other programs
3. or even allow someone else to remotely control your computer.

10. DISTRIBUTED DENIAL
OF SERVICE
 Using computer viruses,
hackers can take over
millions of computers world
wide and then use them as
a digital army, otherwise
known as a botnet, to
attack and take down
websites.
 This kind of attack is called
a distributed denial of
service.

11. • A denial of service is when
hackers overwhelm a website
with too many requests.
• We call it a distributed denial-of-
service when the attack comes
from many computers all at
once.
• Most websites are ready to
respond to millions of requests a
day, but if you hit them with
billions or trillions of requests,
coming from different places,
the computers are overloaded
and stop responding.

12. PHISHING SCAM
Another trick used by cybercriminals
is to send large amounts of spam
email in an attempt to trick people
into sharing sensitive personal
information, This is called a phishing
scam.
A phishing scam is when you get
what seems like a trustworthy email
asking you to log into your account,
but clicking the email takes you to a
fake website.
If you log in anyway, you've been
tricked into giving your password
away, Hackers can then use your
login credentials to access your real
accounts to steal information or
maybe even to steal your money.

13. • Fortunately there are many
companies, laws, and government
organizations working to make the
internet safer, but these efforts
are not enough.
• You may think when a computer
system gets hacked the problem
was the security design or the
software.
• Ninety percent of the time the
system gets hacked however, it's
not because of the security bug,
but because of a simple mistake
made by a human.

14. Steps we can all take to protect ourselves
• Use Strong Passwords.
• Check for Authentic Web Addresses.
• Install System Security updates Often.
• Don’t Install a software you Don’t Trust