The document presents the results of a study measuring gamma radiation dose rates across 23 locations within the Idu Industrial Area of Abuja, Nigeria. The average equivalent dose rates ranged from 0.106 to 0.139 microsieverts per hour (μSv/h). The mean across all locations was 0.117 ± 0.006 μSv/h, below the standard background rate of 0.133 μSv/h. The average annual effective dose was calculated to be 0.205 ± 0.017 millisieverts per year (mSv/y), below the recommended public limit of 1 mSv/yr. The study found that radiation levels in the industrial area posed no significant health risks.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Natural radiation levels and health hazard indices of soil in Owerri Nigeriatheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science would take much care in making your article published without much delay with your kind cooperation
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...eSAT Journals
Abstract In scientific terms, noise (or sound) is a pressure oscillation in the air or water or any medium which conducts and travels (radiates) from the source. Due to increasing motorization, construction of roads, airports, flyovers and the growth in transport network, the noise level has exceeded the prescribed limit in many Indian cities. The main purpose of this study is to assess the impact and effect of noise emitted by vehicular traffic on the various links in the surrounding areas of an upcoming international airport at Navi-Mumbai ,India. This study presents on site noise level measurement at 10 locations situated at a distance of 10 Km. radius from the Airport reference Point (ARP) and also on the various links around the airport. Noise monitoring was carried out at all locations for 24 Hours (Leq) in residential, commercial, Industrial and silence zone located in the surrounding areas of Navi Mumbai (India) airport during November-February, 2009. FHWA model has been used for the prediction of noise level. The results show that noise pollution on various links are higher than the prescribed limits given by CPCB. Key Words: Airport, Noise, FHWA Model, Navi Mumbai, Noise Pollution Index, Traffic Noise Index.
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Evaluation of Radiation Emmission from Refuse Dump Sites in Owerri, NigeriaIOSR Journals
The natural radioactivity concentrations from 40 different locations of waste dump sites in Owerri, Imo state Nigeria, has been measured using a gamma – ray spectrometer. The results indicate that the ranges of activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra and 323Th in the samples were ˂17.2 – 686.17 BqKg-1 , ˂ 4.2 – 103.51 BqKg-1 and ˂ 5.1 – 65.28 BqKg-1 respectively. The highest outdoor effective dose obtained was 65.28 μSv.y-1 which is less than the world average outdoor value of 70 μSv.y-1 given by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation ( UNSCEAR )
IRJET-Environmental Impact Assessment for Infrastructure Development project...IRJET Journal
M.Manimozhi, A. John Dhanaseely " Environmental Impact Assessment for Infrastructure Development project in Chennai ",International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume2,issue-01 April 2015.e-ISSN:2395-0056, p-ISSN:2395-0072. www.irjet.net .published by Fast Track Publications
Abstract
Environmental impact assessment study for medical and engineering colleges in Chennai- Tamilnadu. Based on the TOR issued by the SEIAA, the Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report has been prepared for the Existing and Proposed expansion of Institution, “Deemed University” (Medical College & Hospital Engineering College, College of Engineering & Technology and School of Architecture) at S.Nos. 78/3, 79, 80, 81, 82/1, 82/2, 83/1A, 83/2, 84, 85/2, 86/4B, 88/1, 88/3, 299 of Mevalurkuppam Village and S.Nos. 300, 301, 302, 303/1, 303/2, 303/3, 303/5, 304, 305/3B, 305/3B, 305/4, 306, 308 of Chettipedu Village, Sriperumbudur Taluk, Kanchipuram District by Medical and Educational Trust. Major environmental attributes has considered identifying the Impacts and providing solutions with mitigation measures. Mainly covered Water, noise and solid waste management sector.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Computing net radiation from temperature variables: Improvising for under-res...IOSR Journals
Most weather stations at farms, schools and other research institutes in the developing world do not
have radiation sensors and this is usually attributed to high costs of these sensors. Net radiation as one
component of radiation is important in crop farming as it influences germination, different growth stages, water
demand, size and quality of yield among other things. This article seeks to demonstrate how a series of
mathematical equations with temperature as a key physical quantity can be used to estimate net radiation using
the basic minimum of resources affordable against readings from a standard net radiometer. To achieve this,
daily data of maximum and minimum temperatures for 20 days was used from an automated weather station at
Great Zimbabwe University in Zimbabwe. A standard CNR 1 net radiometer was installed at the station to give
direct net radiation readings for comparison with the computed readings. A correlation between the calculated
net radiation and the measured one gave 90.8% correspondents. Diurnal net radiation was following the
maximum temperature trends. The average cost of a net radiometer sensor was US$ 3.700 which can be too
high for an ordinary farmer or other small research institutes.
Strengthening National Regulatory Capabilities InCountries Embarking On New C...theijes
The mainobjective of this paper is to highlight the lessons learned to date from the Fukushima Daiichi accident that are relevant to strengthening the effectiveness of national regulatory bodies. The paper is focusing and spot lights on the processes and activities undertaken in Egypt for strengthening the nuclear and radiological regulatory effectiveness in the light of the lessonslearned from the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi NPP.Among other Arab countries, Egypt is considered as a newcomer country planning to introduce NPPs for electricity generation. One of the apparent actions taken in Egypt, to improve its nuclear safety management and regulatory system, is the activation and re-organizing its newly developed and independent nuclear regulatory body, the Egyptian Nuclear and Radiological Regulation Authority (ENRRA), which is assigned directly to the prime minister. Bythe end of the year 2011, the executive regulatory requirements for nuclear and radiological activities got into force to direct the processes of learning and acting upon lessons to strengthen nuclear safety, emergency preparedness and radiation protection of people and the environment in Egypt. A complete reorganizing process for ENNRA has been initiated by the separation between the research and the regulatory sectors. Additional activation processes have been achieved to strengthen the practical capabilities of the regulatory sector with emphasis to human resources capacity building, accident management, and on-site and off-site emergency management. Review and assessment as well as regulatory inspection committees in the ENRRA have been activated for the enforcement processes regarding research reactors, fuel manufacturing pilot plant and other radiological activities in the country to update and improve their safety requirements, guides and emergency plans according to the lessons learned after Fukushima accident.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Natural radiation levels and health hazard indices of soil in Owerri Nigeriatheijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science would take much care in making your article published without much delay with your kind cooperation
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...eSAT Journals
Abstract In scientific terms, noise (or sound) is a pressure oscillation in the air or water or any medium which conducts and travels (radiates) from the source. Due to increasing motorization, construction of roads, airports, flyovers and the growth in transport network, the noise level has exceeded the prescribed limit in many Indian cities. The main purpose of this study is to assess the impact and effect of noise emitted by vehicular traffic on the various links in the surrounding areas of an upcoming international airport at Navi-Mumbai ,India. This study presents on site noise level measurement at 10 locations situated at a distance of 10 Km. radius from the Airport reference Point (ARP) and also on the various links around the airport. Noise monitoring was carried out at all locations for 24 Hours (Leq) in residential, commercial, Industrial and silence zone located in the surrounding areas of Navi Mumbai (India) airport during November-February, 2009. FHWA model has been used for the prediction of noise level. The results show that noise pollution on various links are higher than the prescribed limits given by CPCB. Key Words: Airport, Noise, FHWA Model, Navi Mumbai, Noise Pollution Index, Traffic Noise Index.
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Evaluation of Radiation Emmission from Refuse Dump Sites in Owerri, NigeriaIOSR Journals
The natural radioactivity concentrations from 40 different locations of waste dump sites in Owerri, Imo state Nigeria, has been measured using a gamma – ray spectrometer. The results indicate that the ranges of activity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra and 323Th in the samples were ˂17.2 – 686.17 BqKg-1 , ˂ 4.2 – 103.51 BqKg-1 and ˂ 5.1 – 65.28 BqKg-1 respectively. The highest outdoor effective dose obtained was 65.28 μSv.y-1 which is less than the world average outdoor value of 70 μSv.y-1 given by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effect of Atomic Radiation ( UNSCEAR )
IRJET-Environmental Impact Assessment for Infrastructure Development project...IRJET Journal
M.Manimozhi, A. John Dhanaseely " Environmental Impact Assessment for Infrastructure Development project in Chennai ",International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Volume2,issue-01 April 2015.e-ISSN:2395-0056, p-ISSN:2395-0072. www.irjet.net .published by Fast Track Publications
Abstract
Environmental impact assessment study for medical and engineering colleges in Chennai- Tamilnadu. Based on the TOR issued by the SEIAA, the Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment Report has been prepared for the Existing and Proposed expansion of Institution, “Deemed University” (Medical College & Hospital Engineering College, College of Engineering & Technology and School of Architecture) at S.Nos. 78/3, 79, 80, 81, 82/1, 82/2, 83/1A, 83/2, 84, 85/2, 86/4B, 88/1, 88/3, 299 of Mevalurkuppam Village and S.Nos. 300, 301, 302, 303/1, 303/2, 303/3, 303/5, 304, 305/3B, 305/3B, 305/4, 306, 308 of Chettipedu Village, Sriperumbudur Taluk, Kanchipuram District by Medical and Educational Trust. Major environmental attributes has considered identifying the Impacts and providing solutions with mitigation measures. Mainly covered Water, noise and solid waste management sector.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Computing net radiation from temperature variables: Improvising for under-res...IOSR Journals
Most weather stations at farms, schools and other research institutes in the developing world do not
have radiation sensors and this is usually attributed to high costs of these sensors. Net radiation as one
component of radiation is important in crop farming as it influences germination, different growth stages, water
demand, size and quality of yield among other things. This article seeks to demonstrate how a series of
mathematical equations with temperature as a key physical quantity can be used to estimate net radiation using
the basic minimum of resources affordable against readings from a standard net radiometer. To achieve this,
daily data of maximum and minimum temperatures for 20 days was used from an automated weather station at
Great Zimbabwe University in Zimbabwe. A standard CNR 1 net radiometer was installed at the station to give
direct net radiation readings for comparison with the computed readings. A correlation between the calculated
net radiation and the measured one gave 90.8% correspondents. Diurnal net radiation was following the
maximum temperature trends. The average cost of a net radiometer sensor was US$ 3.700 which can be too
high for an ordinary farmer or other small research institutes.
Strengthening National Regulatory Capabilities InCountries Embarking On New C...theijes
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The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)
1. The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES)
|| Volume || 2 || Issue || 11 || Pages || 52-55 || 2013 ||
ISSN (e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN (p): 2319 – 1805
Assessment of Gamma Dose Rate within Idu Industrial Area of
the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja, Nigeria
1
1, 2, 3
James I. U, 2 Moses I. F, 3 Vandi, J. N
Nuclear Technology Centre, Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission, Sheda-Abuja, P.M.B O7, Gwagwalada,
Abuja
------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT---------------------------------------------------The gamma dose rate within Idu Industrial Area of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja has been carried out
using Atomtex 1117M Radiation Monitor. Readings were taken in twenty three different locations. Five different
readings were taken at each location and the mean equivalent dose rate was used to calculate the annual
equivalent dose rate. It was observed that the average dose equivalent varied from 0.106±0.001 μSv/h to
0.139±0.004 μSv/h with a mean of 0.117±0.006 μSv/h which is below the standard background radiation of
0.133 µSv/h. The study also revealed that the average annual equivalent dose rate is 0.205±0.017 mSv/y which
is lower than the value of 1.0 mSv/yr averaged over five consecutive years according to the dose limit
recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). This indicates that the
people living and working within the area are safe and are not exposed to high doses of radiation as a result of
activities in the Idu Industrial Area.
Keywords: Background Radiation, Dose Limit, Equivalent Dose, Industrial Area, Radiation Monitor
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 29 October 2013
Date of Acceptance: 05 December 2013
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------
I.
INTRODUCTION
The earth’s atmosphere especially the human populace is exposed to both non-ionizing and ionizing radiation from
different sources, which include natural and artificial sources. Prominent among the natural sources are the primordial
238
radionuclides (
137
232
U and
40
Th and their progenies, and K), while the artificial sources include, anthropogenic radionuclide
90
such as Cs, Sr, etc. [1, 2]. Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) which may be technologically enhanced
generate radioactive isotopes of uranium, thorium, carbon, polonium, lead, radon and potassium. These radioactive isotopes
are present in rocks, solid minerals, and soil, building materials, consumer products, foods and human bodies [2].
Terrestrial radiations, which comprise ionizing radiation from rocks, solid minerals and soil, vary significantly
depending on geographical locations [3]. The determination of ionizing radiation levels at the premises of industrial plants
and buildings is receiving greater attention as the nation places emphasis on environmental standards required by the
industries for their operations [4]. Scientists and environmental professionals make critical, objective and what can be
considered legally defensible use of analytical data. These data are obtained from sound laboratory and in-situ techniques
with adequate understanding of the theory and practice of toxicity testing and proven competence in calculating the risk that
a given level of contamination may present to an ecosystem [5].
Environmental radiation monitoring has been carried out in some industries and industrial areas in Nigeria [4-8].
The importance of the estimation of the natural gamma radiation level in an environment lies not only in its epidemiological
and dosimetric usefulness but also in its forming a basis for the assessment of the degree of radioactive contamination or
pollution in the environment in the future [9]. Hence this study has been undertaken to assess the significance of the level of
gamma radiation in an industrial area in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja.
The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) is a relatively new creation of the Federal Government of Nigeria sequel to a
decision in 1975 to relocate the seat of the central government to Abuja, a city within the FCT, from the former capital city
of Lagos. The seat of government formally moved to the area in the December of 1991. In-between when the idea was born
until the first phased movement, the FCT much like other modern new cities was elaborately planned to house and host all
expected paraphernalia of the Federal Government and supporting
infrastructure including industrial development. The Territory is still in its formative stage as infrastructural development is
carried out through a planned and step wise implementation of approved master plan. So, area layouts mapped for hosting
industrial infrastructure are also being gradually inhabited. With a land area of 8,000 square kilometres and located within
latitude 7º25' N and 9º20' North of the Equator and longitude 5º45' and 7º39', there are two main types of soils in FCT; the
sedimentary belt in the southern and south-western extremities of the territory and the pre-Cambrian Basement complex rock
country which accounts for more than 80 percent of the territory. Fig. 1 is a map of the Abuja Phase III General Land Use
showing the (Idu) Industrial District area of FCT.
www.theijes.com
The IJES
Page 52
2. Assessment of Gamma Dose Rate within Idu Industrial Area of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT)...
The Idu Industrial area is located in the suburb of Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. It is a
well-planned industrial zone with a functional road network and functional sewage system. The Idu industrial
layout covers about 588 hectares of land that is demarcated into 208 commercial plots and is the government’s
approved industrial cluster for the Federal Capital Territory. The present study was conducted to monitor and
quantitatively document the background radiation levels within Idu Industrial Area of the Federal Capital
territory, Abuja using a radiation monitor.
Fig 1. Abuja phase III general land use showing the industrial area 1 of FCT
II.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
An in-situ approach of background radiation measurement was adopted and preferred to enable
samples maintain their original environmental characteristics. A radiation monitor, Atomtex AT 1117M with
serial no 14199 was used. The Atomtex AT 1117M is a portable combined multifunction radiation monitor with
digital readout, designed for measuring X-ray, gamma and neutron radiation ambient dose equivalent, density of
alpha and beta radiation flux density from contaminated surfaces, alpha and beta radiation surface activity and
neutron flux density. The AT1117M radiation monitor consists of a processing unit and a set of detection units.
Radiation monitor operation algorithm provides measurement continuity, calculation moving average values,
real time display of detection unit data on integrated display, statistical processing of measurement results, realtime statistical fluctuation estimation and rapid accommodation to changes in radiation level. The monitor was
suspended in air at one meter above the ground level. Readings were obtained between the hours of 1200 and
1600 hours since the exposure rate meter has a maximum response to environmental radiation within these
hours. Five readings were taken at each location and the mean values were recorded.
The equation below is used to calculate the annual effective dose equivalent received outdoor.
Annual Dose Equivalent (mSv/y) = Equivalent dose rate (μSv/h) × 8760 (h/y) × 0.2 (occupancy factor) × 0.001
(μSv/mSv)
(1) [10]
III.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Data for the average equivalent dose rates of the areas measured and the annual effective dose rate are presented in
Table 1 below. A total of 115 measurements were taken across the 23 locations in the Idu Industrial Area. Generally, from
the result, the average equivalent dose rates for each area ranged between 0.106±0.001 μSv/h to 0.139±0.004 μSv/h. The
mean value from INDY 23 shows the highest equivalent dose rate while the equivalent dose rate from INDY 13 was the
lowest. The total equivalent mean dose rate in all the twenty three locations is 0.117±0.006 μSv/h. INDY 2, INDY 1 and
INDY 22 recorded the second, third and fourth highest in-situ gamma radiation of 0.134±0.001 μSv/h, 0.133±0.011 μSv/h
and 0.132±0.026 μSv/h respectively.
www.theijes.com
The IJES
Page 53
3. Assessment of Gamma Dose Rate within Idu Industrial Area of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT)...
Table 1: Average Equivalent dose rate and annual effective dose rate of different locations measured
S/n
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Location
code
INDY 1
INDY 2
INDY 3
INDY 4
INDY 5
INDY 6
INDY 7
INDY 8
INDY 9
INDY 10
INDY 11
INDY 12
INDY 13
INDY 14
INDY 15
INDY 16
INDY 17
INDY 18
INDY 19
INDY 20
INDY 21
INDY 22
INDY 23
Location
Authentic Plast Ltd
Omnia Nig Ltd
Sunny Patze Aluminium Industry
NASENI
NIPRD
Oyi Shelter & Allied Services Ltd
Interstate Contractors Ltd
Pharmaceutical Council Of Nig
NEIC Ltd Main Yard
Korsten Muller Ltd (Nig)
Eagle Aluminium Industries Ltd
Banrut Rolls Nig Ltd
Lingo Gas
Bouygues Construction (Nig) Ltd
Safari Petroleum Products Ltd
A-Z Petroleum Gas Plant
Polystyrene Industries Ltd
Dumez Nig Plc
ITEX
Julius Berger Yard
Artco Industries Ltd
Nigeria Bottling Company
Seven-Up Bottling Company
Average
Equivalent Dose
Rate* (μSvh-1 )
Annual Dose
Equivalent
(mSvy-1 )
0.133±0.011
0.134±0.001
0.121±0.002
0.113±0.002
0.109±0.002
0.115±0.001
0.115±0.001
0.114±0.001
0.112±0.001
0.112±0.001
0.111±0.002
0.109±0.002
0.106±0.001
0.109±0.004
0.109±0.002
0.108±0.005
0.109±0.004
0.120±0.015
0.114±0.011
0.122±0.028
0.122±0.013
0.132±0.026
0.139±0.004
0.233
0.235
0.211
0.198
0.191
0.201
0.201
0.199
0.196
0.196
0.194
0.190
0.186
0.192
0.190
0.190
0.191
0.210
0.200
0.214
0.214
0.231
0.243
*Values represented as Mean ± Standard Deviation
Fig 2 shows the comparison of the mean equivalent dose rate radiation levels with the standard
background radiation level of 0.133 μSv/h recommended by ICRP [11]. The result shows that the entire
equivalent dose rates of all the locations, except INDY 23 and INDY 2, where below or exactly the value of the
Standard Background Radiation (0.133 μSv/h). Equivalent dose rate is the measure of the amount of
radionuclides absorbed by the human body for a given period. To avoid any somatic, epidemiological and
radiological health side effect, ICRP recommended and consequently set the maximum permissible limit for
non–radionuclide industrial worker and the public as 1.0 mSvy-1. Fig 3 shows the comparison of the annual dose
equivalent with ICRP maximum permissible limit. The results revealed that the dose levels in all of the locations
were below the maximum permissible limit for the public.
Fig 2: Comparison of different locations mean equivalent dose rate with standard background dose rate
www.theijes.com
The IJES
Page 54
4. Assessment of Gamma Dose Rate within Idu Industrial Area of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT)...
Fig 3: Comparison of different locations mean annual dose rate equivalent with standard annual equivalent dose
rate
IV.
CONCLUSIONS
The environmental monitoring of radiation dose rates has been computed in and around the Idu
Industrial Area of the Federal capital Territory, Abuja using in-situ measurement method. This was meant to
determine the background ionization radiation level of the study area. The study revealed a radiation level
within the acceptable limit for the general public. The annual equivalent dose rate obtained for all the locations
sampled did not exceed the safe limit recommended by the international bodies on radiation protection. This
work revealed that the average dose equivalent varied from 0.106±0.001 μSv/h to 0.139±0.004 μSv/h with a
mean of 0.117±0.006 μSv/h which is below the standard background radiation of 0.133 µSv/h. The study also
revealed that the average annual equivalent dose rate is 0.205±0.017 mSv/y which is lower than the value of 1.0
mSv/yr averaged over five consecutive years according to the dose limit recommended by the International
Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). This indicates that the people living and working within the
area are safe and are not exposed to high doses of radiation as a result of activities in the Idu Industrial Area.
The results from this work will form the baseline data which will be useful in assessing contribution to radiation
in the environment from future activities of the Industrial Area.
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