This document outlines different uses of verbs to express future actions and intentions in English: 1) Will/won't + infinitive is used for predictions, promises, threats and decisions made at the moment of speaking. 2) Be going to + infinitive expresses predictions, plans and intentions based on present evidence or circumstances. 3) The present continuous (e.g., "I'm meeting") and present simple (e.g., "The train leaves") are used to refer to fixed arrangements, timetables and schedules. 4) Shall + infinitive can express offers to do something, especially in questions.

1. THE
FUTURE
TIMETABLES
PREDICTIONS
PLANS AND
INTENTIONS
DECISIONS
made at the moment of
speaking
OFFERS
AND
SUGGESTIONS
PROMISES
AND THREATS
ARRANGEMENTS
REQUESTS
A. I forgot to buy bread
B. Don’tv worry, I’ll buy some
will/won’t + inf
Don’t worry, I’ll help you
Shall we go to the cinema tonight?
Shall I close the window?
What shall I tell them?
Will/won’t + inf.
Will you carry this for me, please?
Will you be quiet?!
will/won’t + inf. I will give up smoking this year.
You hurt me! I won’t forget! You will
pay for this!
will/won’t + inf.
I’m seeing my tutor about my results
on Monday morning.
present continuous
I’m going to buy a new car as soon as
I save enough money
going to + inf.World temperatures will rise.
Look! There’s a rock on the road, the
car is going to crash!
will/won’t + inf.
going to + inf.(pres. evidence)
The train leaves the station at 13.30
present simple
EOI ALCALA DE GUADAIRA 2NB
Shall + inf. (?)

2. Will/won’t +
Infinitive
PREDICTIONS
PROMISES
AND THREATS
DECISIONS
REQUESTS
Based on what you
KNOW, THINK OR GUESS
IN QUESTIONS
Made at the moment
of speaking
I don’t think we’ll be able to finish
this exercise
I’m sure you’ll like this book
What do you think I’ll get for
Christmas?
I won’t tell your secret to anyone
If you tell anyone, I’ll kill you
A. And for dessert, madam?
B. I’ll have some ice-cream.
I can’t open the jar, will you open
it for me, please?

3. Be going to +
Infinitive
PREDICTIONS
PLANS AND
INTENTIONS
Based on
PRESENT EVIDENCE
Present
Continuous
ARRANGEMENTS a fixed plan or intention
I’ve been thinking about it and
next year I’m going to start
my own business.
Look! There’s a rock on the road!
The car is going to crash!
Real Madrid have played very well
this season. They are going
to be champions this year.
I’m meeting my boss tomorrow at
seven.
The plane is taking off at seven, so
I’m arriving in Seville at
eight.

4. Shall +
infinitive (?)
OFFERS
Present
Simple
TIMETABLES
IN QUESTIONS
A. I can’t open this jar
B. Shall I open it for you?
A. It’s very hot in here…
B. Shall I open the window?
A. When does the train leave?
B. It leaves in 5 minutes. Hurry up!