1) Whenever there is a constructive change in society, those in power resist giving up their power and argue against the change. 2) For over 1800 years, Aristotle's teachings were accepted as truth until Galileo tested hypotheses and proved some of Aristotle's claims wrong through experimentation and observation. 3) Every new idea for positive change is met with arguments that the idea is futile, will make problems worse, or will divert resources from more important issues.