Reseau Art Nouveau - Art Nouveau and Ecology meeting

1. THE BEGINNINGS OF
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
Maria BOSTENARU DAN

2. Overview
 Language for reinforced concrete
 Essays
 Practice
 Technical side
 Hennebique system
 Intervention and conservation

3. Language

4. Language for reinforced concrete
 Review of Kenneth Frampton’s Tectonics with
view to reinforced concrete
 Essays
 Torino
 Henri van de Velde
 Hungary
 István Medgyaszay
 Practice
 Erich Mendelsohn - Einsteinturm
 Béla Lajta – NépSzinház Street
 Joze Plecnik – Holy Spirit Church

5. Kenneth Frampton‘s tectonics
 Space / constructional-structural models
 Kernform – Kunstform
 Difference timber – masonry (tensile-
compressive)
 Age-old schism
 Perret has reconciled (Choisy)
 Ontological/representational – dressing (Semper),
textile
 Importance of the material
 Heidegger

6. architect Otto Wagner
Postsparkasse, Vienna (1904-06)

7. architect József Vágo
Arkaden-bazár, Budapest (1909)

8. architect Auguste Perret
Block of flats on Rue Franklin, Paris (1902-1904)

9. Architect Auguste Perret
Photo M Bostenaru 2010
Theatre Champs Elysees

10. Architect Erich Mendelsohn
Photo M Kauffmann 2002
Einstein Tower, Potsdam (1919-21)

11. architect Béla Lajta
Block of flats on Népszinház utca (1911)

12. Medgyaszay

13. architect István Medgyaszay
Photo: M. Bostenaru, 2006
Theatre, Veszprém (1908)

14. architect István Medgyaszay
Photo: M. Bostenaru, 2011
Reinforced concrete perforated details at the
Lacko Dezsö Museum, Veszprém (1912)

15. architect István Medgyaszay
Photo: M. Bostenaru, 2011
Timber architecture details, church,
Balatonalmádi (1931)

16. Projects by István Medgyaszay, details suitable for reinforced concrete [Der
Architekt]

17. Projects by István Medgyaszay, details suitable for reinforced concrete [Der
Architekt]

18. Projects by István Medgyaszay, details suitable for reinforced concrete [Der
Architekt]

19. Ede Magyar
Reok Palace, Szeged

20. Skeleton
 From 3D shell to storey-wise
 Massivbau

21. Architect Joze Plecnik
Photo: M. Bostenaru, 2005
Holy Spirit church, Vienna (1910-13)

22. Technical side

23. Germany
Iron
concrete

24. Hennebique system
 Italy (Porcheddu)
 Germany (Züblin)
 Britain (Mouchel)
 Portugal (Moreira de Sá & Malevez )
 Romania
 Bucharest
 Oradea
 Hungary
 Outside Europe
 Cairo

25. Hennebique system in Italy
 Porcheddu
 Genova
 Seismic behaviour

26. Hennebique system in Romania
 Virginia Haret, the first woman architect
 Athenee Palace, Bucharest
 Moskovits-Miksa Palace, Oradea

27. Architect Virginia Haret
Photo M. Bostenaru 2011
Block of flats on Frumoasa street (1922)

28. Architect Virginia Haret
Block of flats on Frumoasa street (1922)

29. Virginia Haret
Water tower, Bucharest (1927)

30. Industrial buildings
 Riga, Latvia
 Portugal
 Italy

31. Before change
Architect Daniel Renard (1910-12)
Engineer George Constantinescu
Athenee Palace, Bucharest

32. After change
Athenee Palace, Bucharest

33. After change
Athenee Palace, Bucharest

34. After change
Athenee Palace, Bucharest

35. Kálmán Rimanoczy junior
Moskovits-Miksa Palace, Oradea (1904-05)

36. Hennebique system in Hungary
 Béla Lajta archive
 Népszinház street (previous)
 Rózsavölgyi
 Should have RC lower floors and brick upper floors

37. Photo M. Bostenaru
Internet archive for plans: http://www.lajtaarchiv.hu/
Rozsavolgyi house, Budapest (1911-12) and
Loos house, Vienna (1910-11)

38. Hennebique system outside
Europe
 Baron Palace, Cairo
 Study of the University of Vienna (Vittoria
Capresi)
 Precast tiles imported from Belgium

39. Architect Alexandre Marcel
Wikimedia commons
Baron Palace, Cairo (1905)

40. Intervention and conservation
 Studies on material characteristics
 Genova: Stefano Podestà
 Minho: Paulo Lourenco
 Functional conversion
 Seismic performance

41. Wikimedia commons (William Domenichini 2005)
Via XX Settembre, Genova

42. Photo: M Bostenaru, 2012
Via XX Settembre Genova

43. Wikipedia CC licence
Grand Hotel Miramare, Genova (1906-1908)

44. Photo: M. Bostenaru 2012
Grand Hotel Miramare

45. Wikipedia CC licence
Grand Hotel Miramare, Genova (1906-1908)

46. Wikimedia commons (Jensens, 2008)
Silos di Genova (1900)

47. Photo M. Bostenaru 2012
Silo Genova

48. Wikimedia commons, Twice25 e Rinina25 2006
Mercato orientale, Genova

49. Photo M Bostenaru 2012
Mercato orientale, Genova

50. Photo M Bostenaru 2012
Mercato orientale, Genova

51. Photo: M. Bostenaru, 2012
Palazzo della Nuova Borsa, Genova (1912)

52. Photo: M. Bostenaru, 2012
Biblioteca universitaria (former Hotel
Colombia), Genova (1921-26)

53. Wikimedia commons
FIAT Lingotto, Torino (1916-23)

54. Wikimedia commons Traveller100 (2008)
Conversion by Renzo Piano
FIAT Lingotto, Torino

55. Interwar reinforced concrete skeleton

56. Conclusions
 There is little research in early reinforced
concrete
 Need for criteria which structures have to be
preserved due to their structure
 Multidisciplinary approach between
philosophy, architecture and technical
sciences
 Reinforced concrete called for ist own
language
 It solved the contradiction between timber and
the heavy compression materials

57. Thank you!