1. The impact of the 1755 earthquake
on Lisbon: 3D representation of the
city before and after
Maria BOSTENARU DAN
„Ion Mincu” University of Architecture and Urbanism

2. Contents

Second life

Rome

Lisbon

Google Earth

L'Aquila

Lisbon

Views of Lisbon

Ruins of the moment (Kozak)

Aerial view

Views from the river

3. Contents

Views of Lisbon

Maintained ruin (Carmo)

Replaced ruin (Paco da Ribeira – Praca do
Comercio)

Urban development of Lisbon

1755 – Pombal

Database on half-timbered typology

Potential development of half timbered green
walls

Avenidas Novas in the 20th Century

Interwar architecture typologies

4. Contents

Decision basis

Taxonomy

Potential in own developed real time application

Stereo juxtaposition of

Photography and 3D model

Now and then

From symbols to 3D model

Pre 1755 Lisbon in azulejos

„Spaces” metaphors

3D model of central area in Bucharest

5. COST TU0801
Semantic enrichment of 3D city models for
sustainable urban development
Chair: Prof. Roland Billen

6. COST TU0801 > conclusions
Forms were filled on
- survey of the existing situation
- semantic enrichment
- usability for decision making
for
- GIS 3D extrusion (not shown)
- Second Life
- Google Earth
- proposed concept

7. Second life
http://www.cesar-eur.it/ - EUR (Rome) in Second
Life versus traditional
Second Life modelling by Valore Italia
(http://valore-italia.it/IT/magazine/index.php?m=07&y=09&entry=entry090702-133643)
Future problems: the narrative in Second Life
(literature by Muray on digital narratives):
spectacle, virtual events
Is it permitted to construct in a historic scenery?
vs. crowdsourcing
Economic model, social model

8. EUR in Rome in Second Life

9. Lisbon pre 1755 earthquake in Second
Life

10. Google Earth

Potential for preservation – discussion on LinkedIn

Different levels of detail – crowdsourcing for the
landmarks

SketchUp permits also interior views (pombalino
buildings)

11. Lisbon in Google Earth

12. Lisbon in Google Earth

13. Lisbon in Google Earth

14. Lisbon in Google Earth

15. Lisbon in Google Earth

16. L'Aquila 3D

17. L'Aquila 3D

18. L'Aquila 3D

19. Images of Lisbon

Now and then

Aerial versus eye-level

20. Now and then

E-conservation article

21. Aerial versus eye-level

Role of remote sensing (Madrid paper)

22. Now and then in historic images

To explore for 3D representation at the end of the
presentation

23. Landmarks of Lisbon: Kozak
collection
Sao Paulo (reconstructed,
zone of elevador da
Bica, which maintains
pre-pombaline buildings
as well)

24. Aerial and eye-level view

25. Kept ruin in Lisbon: Convent do
Carmo

26. Kept ruin in Lisbon: Convent do
Carmo

27. Kept ruin in Lisbon: Convent do
Carmo

28. Replaced in Lisbon: Praca do
Comercio/Terreiro do Paco

29. Replaced in Lisbon: Praca do
Comercio/Terreiro do Paco

30. Replaced in Lisbon: Praca do
Comercio/Terreiro do Paco

31. Aerial view of Lisbon

32. Aerial view of Baixa Lisbon

33. Aerial view of Alfama Lisbon

34. River view of Alfama Lisbon

35. Urban development of Lisbon

EAHN papers

Lisbon technical tour at the conference

36. Urban development in Lisbon

37. Urban development in Lisbon
H a u s s m a n n ia n B o u le v a r d
b u ilt b e fo r e t h o s e in P a r is
M id d le -a g e
q u a rte r
A lfa m a
B a ix a q u a r t e r b u ilt a ft e r th e
1 7 5 5 e a rth q u a ke

38. Urban development in Lisbon

39. Database of half timbered buildings

Timber resources versus local seismic culture

Modelling of pombalino buildings in Google Earth

40. Half timbered pombalina

41. Lisbon in Google Earth

42. Green walls in today's Lisbon

43. Half timbered green wall potential
concept developed outgoing from l'Aquila

44. Half timbered typologies

45. Semantic enrichment

Decision taxonomy

46. Decision taxonomy

47. Decision taxonomy

48. Potential of own developed real time
application

Adobe (formerly Macromedia) Shockwave

Object based programming (Lingo)

.obj import

Juxtaposition of categories

From 2D to 3D in conversion of hard copy to digital

49. Stereo

50. Stereo and timeline
The two paralel fields can contain now and then
images, and down there can be a timeline (see the
next image)
The different landmarks of Lisbon (rebuilt or not) can
be identified as in the guided tour or in the game
designed as seen in the example (own application).
The timeline can thus identify the temporal layers (as
done also in the Lisbon pre 1755 earthquake project)
The map can be the 3D image

51. Game prototype in own application

52. Game prototype in own application

53. Game prototype in own application
global gcounter
on enterFrame
set the visible of sprite 40 to FALSE
set gcounter=0
repeat with i=31 to 34
if inside ( the loc of sprite (i+5), the rect of sprite i ) then
set gcounter=(gcounter + 1)
else
set the visible of sprite 40 to TRUE
set gcounter=(gcounter - 1)
end if
end repeat
if gcounter=4 then

54. Game prototype in own application
if gcounter=4 then
go to "sieg"
else
set the visible of sprite 40 to TRUE
end if
end

55. Timeline in own application

56. Timeline in own application
on enterFrame
on mConstrainedValue (me, s, v)
set the visible of sprite 41 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 42 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 43 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 44 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 45 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 55 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 56 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 57 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 11 to TRUE
set the visible of sprite 10 to TRUE

57. Timeline in own application
if v=0 then
set the text of member "text"="Jahreszahlen"
set the visible of sprite 11 to FALSE
else if v>0 and v<0.20 then
set the text of member "text"="57 v.Ch.-455 n.Ch."
set the text of member "jahr"="Ršmerzeit"
set the visible of sprite 10 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 41 to TRUE
else if v>0.20 and v<0.38 then
set the text of member "text"="456-911"
set the text of member "jahr"="Frankenzeit"
else if v>0.38 and v<0.51 then
set the text of member "text"="912-1475"

58. Timeline in own application
set the visible of sprite 55 to TRUE
set the visible of sprite 10 to FALSE
else if v>0.51 and v<0.63 then
set the text of member "text"="1476-1794"
set the text of member "jahr"="freie Reichstadt Kšln"
set the visible of sprite 10 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 42 to TRUE
else if v>0.63 and v<0.72 then
set the text of member "text"="1795-1814"
set the text of member "jahr"="franzšsische Herrschaft"
set the visible of sprite 56 to TRUE
set the visible of sprite 10 to FALSE
else if v>0.72 and v<0.81 then

59. Timeline in own application
set the text of member "jahr"="Preu§en in Kšln"
set the visible of sprite 10 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 43 to TRUE
else if v>0.81 and v<0.89 then
set the text of member "text"="1919-1932"
set the text of member "jahr"="Weimarer Republik"
set the visible of sprite 10 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 57 to TRUE
else if v>0.89 and v<0.95 then
set the text of member "text"="1933-1945"
set the text of member "jahr"="Dritter Reich"
set the visible of sprite 10 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 44 to TRUE

60. Timeline in own application
set the text of member "text"="1945-2000"
set the text of member "jahr"="von der Trźmmerlandschaft zur Medienmetropole"
set the visible of sprite 10 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 45 to TRUE
else if v=1 then
set the text of member "text"="1945-2000"
set the text of member "jahr"="von der Trźmmerlandschaft zur Medienmetropole"
set the visible of sprite 10 to FALSE
set the visible of sprite 45 to TRUE
end if
end

61. Timeline in Lisbon pre-earthquake

62. Interactive map in own application

63. Interactive map in Lisbon pre-
earthquake

64. Symbols for landmarks of pre-
earthquake Lisbon

65. Symbols for landmarks of pre-
earthquake Lisbon
72 landmarks
14 affected by the 1755 earthquake

66. Paco da Ribeira in Azulejos

67. From symbol to 3D in the
„borderline space”

68. From symbol to 3D in the
„spaces of encounter”

69. From symbol to 3D in the
„gathering space”

70. From symbol to model in the
„rediscovered space”

71. From symbol to model in the
„rediscovered space”

72. Other 1755 affected city: in the
Algarve Lagos

73. Bucharest destructured zone

74. Conclusions
A concept of the development of an application to
visualise the impact of the 1755 earthquake on
Lisbon has been developed
Following existing approaches this can be done in a
real time 3D application (modelling of the
landmarks) combined with the 3D features of the
same application for identifying the various effects
on the monuments and the layers in the urban
development

75. Conclusions (continued)
The concept can be exported to Bucharest
The research can be continued building digital
databases on features of the rebuild of Lisbon and
their employment given the today's development
(green walls) – future collaboration
The implementation of the concept in the software is
subject of future collaboration as well
Comparisons are open from Lisbon to Bucharest and
l'Aquila (the later to were subject of the doctorate)

76. Thank you!

Acknowledgements:
COST TU0801 STSM
Supervision: Prof. Thomas
Panagopoulos