The document summarizes the history and principles of the Bauhaus school from 1919-1933. It was founded by Walter Gropius in Weimar to unite fine arts and craftsmanship. The preliminary course immersed students in materials and design fundamentals taught by masters like Itten, Albers and Moholy-Nagy. Notable artists like Kandinsky, Klee and Feininger taught as well. The school pioneered mass production and an embrace of modern industrial aesthetics before disbanding under Nazi pressure in 1933. Its influence spread as masters migrated to the US.

1. HOUSE OF BUILDING

2. 1919 -1933 GROPIUS’ FIRST PROCLAMATION OF THE BAUHAUS The complete building is the final aim of the visual arts…. Art is not a "profession." There is no essential difference between the artist and the craftsman…in moments beyond the control of his will, the grace of heaven may cause his work to blossom into art. But proficiency in his craft is essential to every artist. Therein lies a source of creative imagination. Let us create a new guild of craftsmen, without the class distinctions which raise an arrogant barrier…Together let us conceive and create the new building of the future, which will embrace architecture and sculpture and painting in one unity and which will rise one day toward heaven from the hand of a million workers like the crystal symbol of a new faith.

5. Itten FIRST YEAR: PRELIMINARY COURSE Johannes Horizontal/Vertikal, 1915 Vogelthema, 1918

6. Albers Month 1: GLASS. Month 2: PAPER Month 3: TWO MATERIAL COMBINATION. Month 4: STUDENT CHOICE. PRELIMINARY COURSE 1922-33 Josef “ Discover” specific qualities of materials. Produce no waste. Grid Mounted, glass assemblage 1922

7. Albers 1888-1976 Josef Homage to a Square, 1971 Bundled, 1925

8. Moholy-Nagy PRELIMINARY COURSE 1923-1928 László 1: Combine elements to corresponded to preconceived idea. Response manifested on “tactile charts.” Grid Mounted, glass assemblage 1922 3: 3D studies to sharpen sense of volume: simple elements and materials used to construct objects in both visual and real balance. 2: Distinguish composition (balance between parts) from construction.

9. Moholy-Nagy 1895-1946 László Dual Form with Chromium Rods, 1946 Eifersucht (Jealousy), 1927 AXL II, 1924 Leuk 5, 1946

10. From left: Josef Albers, Hinnerk Scheper, Georg Muche, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Herbert Bayer, Joost Schmidt, Walter Gropius, Marcel Breuer, Vassily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Lyonel Feininger, Gunta St oz l and Oskar Schlemmer. MASTERS

12. Kathedrale Woodcut, 1919 Street in Arceuil 1915 Gables I, Lueneberg, 1925 1871- 1956 FINE ART MASTERS: Lyonel Feininger

14. FINE ART MASTERS: Vassily Kandinski Impression III 1911 Untitled 1922 1866-1944 Swinging 1925

15. & metalwork photography Self portrait with jewelry for metal party 1929 Marianne Brandt

16. cont. Marianne Bildergalerie Teapot, 1930 Bildergalerie Ruppel-Trio desk set, 1930 Touch desk lamp 1930 Weimar Metal Workshop, 1923 Lidded Bowl, 1930 Ashtrays…

17. Highway and Byways 1929 Senecio 1922 Zitronin 1932 1879- 1940 FINE ART MASTERS: Paul Klee

18. AFTERMATH The Bauhaus dissolved itself under Nazi pressure in 1933. Gropius, Mies van der Rohe, and other Bauhaus masters migrated to the United States. 1932 MOMA had an exhibition of contemporary architecture. The accompanying Hitchcock and Johnson catalogue was entitled The International Style: Architecture Since 1922 . “ International Style” now used to refer to American incarnation of Bauhaus architecture.