1. SUPERVISOR
DR. S.S. PANCHOLI
PROFESSOR & HEAD
PHARMACEUTICS
02 DECEMBER 2020
PRESENTED BY,
ATUL
CHAUDHARY
M. PHARM, 2ND
SEM
INSTRUMENT
TEXTURE ANALYZER
ISF COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, MOGA PUNJAB
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What is Texture Analysis?
In the mid-1950s, the food industry, for objective assessment of their products, instead of verbal
description - sticky, tacky, gooey, gummy started using texture analysis that made these rheological
characteristics quantifiable and therefore comparable.
“A texture analyzer records the load (FORCE) response of a test material to the mechanical conditions
imposed”
Manufacturers of highly flexible texture analysis equipment developed specially-designed attachments
and software programmed to analyze raw materials, semifinished goods, packaging and end products.
“...Texture analysis made rheological characteristics quantifiable...”
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Gel texture analysis (CT3 Analyzer)
READING:
HARDNESS: Force necessary to attain a given
deformation.
ADHESIVENESS: Work necessary to overcome
attractive forces (Total Negative Area) between surface
of the food and the materials with which it comes into
contact.
ADHESIVE FORCE: Force required to “pull” probe
from sample (suction).
MODULUS: Ratio of stress divided by strain during
the first compression cycle (e.g., the slope of the force:
deformation curve). It is representative of sample
rigidity.
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Types of probes and loading cell ranges
There are five load cell ranges available for the CT3
Texture Analyzer offered by Brookfield:
Models Load Cell Range
CT3-100 100g
CT3-1000 1kg
CT3-1500 1.5kg
CT3-4500 4.5kg
CT3-10k 10kg
Types of Probes:
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Operational principle of CT3 Texture Analyzer
The principle of operation of the CT3 Texture Analyzer is to subject a sample to
controlled forces in compression using a probe, or in tension using grips. The
resistance of the material to these forces is measured by a calibrated load cell and
shown in either grams or Newtons. And monitor are recorded the graph.
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Shimadzu Texture Analyzer EZ Test
Features:
1. Light `weight and Compact.
2. Convenient to Use.
3. Finger-Tip Operation.
4. High-Precision Testing System.
Applications:
1. Evaluation of Pills by Compression and Splitting Tests
2. Evaluation of Tablets by Press-Dispense Test
3. Evaluation of Syringe Needles by Injectability Test
4. Evaluation of Lipstick by Hardness Test
5. Evaluation of Adhesive Bandages
6. Evaluation of Springs by Compression Test
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V TECH Texture Analyser
Test Frame Range
EZ-SX
Depth of Test Space
100 mm
Data Capture Travel
1000 Hz
Test Frame Load Capacity
Max. 500N
Pharma Evaluation:
Evaluation of Pills by Compression and Splitting Tests
Evaluation of Tablets by Press-Dispense Test
Evaluation of Syringe Needles by Injectability Test
Evaluation of Adhesive Bandages
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Blister packaging strength
As the use of blister packs for paracetamol,
vitamins and other tablets becomes more
prevalent, it is important to ensure that the
pack is easily opened by elderly or weak
patients, but strong enough to avoid
accidental opening by children or during
transportation. When carried out as a series
of tests on a strip of tablets, an accurate
and reliable assessment of the minimum,
maximum and average packaging strength
is obtained.
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Adhesive strength of tablet coatings
Coating formulation is of primary concern because it
can have a crucial effect on the performance of the
tablet and the release of the active ingredients in it. if
the tablet has been coated with an entero-insoluble or
sustained release film. It is now possible to perform
tests to ascertain the adhesive strength of the coating
to the tablet surface. This enables manufacturers to
assess the impact of changes in coating formulation.
“Coating formulation is of primary concern...”
The tablet coating adhesion test measures
the force required to remove the coating.
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Gel- Mucoadhesive testing measures
The swelling and disintegration properties of gel coatings,
which are designed to adhere to the intestine or other
mucosae, determine the time taken for the dissipation of
the gel and the subsequent release of active ingredients.
Mucoadhesive testing measures the adhesion of polymeric
devices to a mucosal surface in conditions similar to those
in the body.
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Force measurement for downward movement of inhalers
Self-administration implies an even greater need
for the safe and accurate delivery of the drug.
Texture analysis instruments can imitate the
downward movement of the finger, measuring
the force needed to administer the dose.
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Adhesion test of transdermal patch
“Transdermal drug delivery as a route for
systemic drug administration is currently one of
the advancing areas in drug development
research”
During an adhesive test the probe (typically a
domical probe or 1” diameter spherical probe for
patch adhesion measurement as shown in Figure )
descends to begin the bonding process and
maintains the pre-determined compression force for
the dwell time. During this stage the viscosity of the
bio adhesive, the duration of the dwell and the
chemistry of the materials will affect the strength of
the created bond.
Fig. ←[Left]: The measurement
of the adhesive strength of
transdermal patches a 1”
spherical probe
Fig. ↓[Below]: Testing Performed
at constant temperature
(Controlled by a Peltier plate
attached to a texture analyzer)
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Future of Texture Analysis in Pharmaceuticals
The Powder Flow Analyzer, Texture Analyzer
quantifies the flow of powders for increased
efficiency in manufacturing and packaging.
Tablet compression
test in progress.