Austausch PPGG

DAAD
Webinar

Public
Policy
and
Good
Governance

-‐-‐challenges
in
the
MENA
Region–

DAAD
WEBINAR

PUBLIC
POLICY
AND

GOOD
GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

Prof.
Florian
Hoffmann

Franz
Haniel
Chair
of
Public
Policy

Willy
Brandt
School
of
Public
Policy

University
of
Erfurt
(Germany)

h"p://www.brandtschool.de/the-‐school/full-‐6me-‐academic-‐staff/prof-‐dr-‐florian-‐hoffmann.html

Introduc6on
&
Programme

1. Raw
Materials:
States,
Markets
&
Civil
Socie6es

2. Policy
Space
and
Policy
Time:
Global
Problems
&
Local

Solu6ons

3. Knowing
the
Problem
–
Engineering
the
Solu6on:
Science
v.

Interests
v.
Ideologies

4. The
Policy
Dilemma:
Technocracy
v.
Democracy

5. Working
With
Con6ngency:
Public
Policy
in
Transi6on
&
Post-‐
Conﬂict
Environments

DAAD
WEBINAR

6. Open
Session

PUBLIC
POLICY

AND
GOOD

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

• What
is
Public
Policy
?

– “The
authorita6ve
statements
or
ac6ons
of
government
which

reflect
the
decisions,
values,
or
goals
of
policymakers.”
(Wilson)

– “a
set
of
inter-‐related
decisions
taken
by
a
poli6cal
actor
or

group
of
actors
concerning
the
selec6on
of
goals
and
the
means

of
achieving
them
within
a
specified
situa6on
where
those

decisions
should,
in
principle,
be
within
the
power
of
those

actors
to
achieve”
(Jenkins)

– “The
combina6on
of
basic
decisions,
commitments,
and
ac6ons

made
by
those
who
hold
or
affect
government
posi6ons
of

authority.”
(Gerston)

DAAD
WEBINAR

PUBLIC
POLICY

AND
GOOD

– “What
governments
do.”
(Dye)

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

• What
is
Governance
?

• “Method
through
which
power
is
exercised
in
the
management

of
a
country’s
poli6cal,
economic
and
social
resources
for

development”
(World
Bank).

• “the
exercise
of
economic,
poli6cal
and
administra6ve
authority

to
manage
a
country’s
affairs
at
all
levels.
It
comprises
the

mechanisms,
processes
and
ins6tu6ons
through
which
ci6zens

and
groups
ar6culate
their
interests,
exercise
their
legal
rights,

meet
their
obliga6ons
and
mediate
their
differences”
(UNDP).

• “governance
refers
to
sustaining
coordina6on
and
coherence

among
a
wide
variety
of
actors
with
different
purposes
and

objec6ves”
(Pierre)

DAAD
WEBINAR

PUBLIC
POLICY

AND
GOOD

• What
is
Public
Value
Public
?

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

– “Crea6ng
public
value
means
producing
enterprises,
policies,

programs,
projects,
services,
or
infrastructures
that
advance
the

public
interest
and
the
common
good
at
a
reasonable

cost”
(Bryson)

• What
is
Public
Policy
Analysis
?

– mul6-‐disciplinary—policy
sciences
would
break
from
the

narrow
study
of
poli6cal
ins6tu6ons
and
structures
and

embrace
the
work
and
findings
of
fields
such
as
sociology,

economics,
law
and
poli6cs

– norma6ve—policy
science
should
not
be
cloaked
in
the
guise

of
“scien6fic
objec6vity”,
but
should
recognize
the

impossibility
of
separa6ng
goals
and
means,
or
values
and

techniques,
in
the
study
of
government
ac6ons

– problem
solving—policy
science
would
adhere
to
a
strict

DAAD
WEBINAR

canon
of
relevance,
orien6ng
itself
towards
the
solu6on
of

PUBLIC
POLICY

AND
GOOD

real
world
problems
and
not
engaging
in
purely
academic
and

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

ofen
sterile
debates

MENA
REGION

• Issues
and
Lead
QuesOons
of
Public
Policy
Analysis

– Differences
in:

• Ideology/poli6cs

• Time

• Scale

• Loca6on

– Comparisons
based
upon:

• Efficacy

• Appropriateness

– How
to
differen6ate
fashion
from
applicable
principles

DAAD
WEBINAR
– Which
dis6nc6ons
between
public
&
private
sectors
are

PUBLIC
POLICY

significant

AND
GOOD

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE
– Where
to
differen6ate
“service
to
clients”
from
“the
public

MENA
REGION
interest”

– Understanding
how
to
use
prac6ces
of
centralisa6on/
decentralisa6on;
devolu6on;
integra6on;
subsidiarity

Genesis
of
the

Public
Policy

Stage I

Feedback
Development

on
the
of
the
Public

Public
Stage IV Stage II
Policy

Policy

DAAD
WEBINAR

PUBLIC
POLICY

Stage III
AND
GOOD

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

Implementa6on
of

the
Public
Policy

• The
Willy
Brandt
School
Approach
to
public
policy

purposely
seeks
to
go
beyond
the
provision
of

technocra6c
exper6se
and
instead
to
endow
its

students
with
a
mul6-‐disciplinary
analy6cal
toolkit

through
which
they
are
able
to
understand
the

func6onal
logics
behind
poli6cal,
social,
and

economic
processes
in
a
diversity
of
opera6onal

theatres.
The
horizon
here
is
neither
limited
to
the

mature
democracies,
nor
to
elite
decision-‐making,

but
encompasses
the
global
North
and
the
global

South,
state
administra6on
and
non-‐state

DAAD
WEBINAR

governance,
law,
poli6cs,
and
economics.

PUBLIC
POLICY

AND
GOOD

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

• The
Current
Global
Policy
Landscape

– The
state
is
today
but
one
among
several
relevant
global
actors,

alongside
mul6na6onal
corpora6ons,
organized
civil
society,

world
public
opinion,
insurgent
or
‘terrorist’
groupings,
and
even

(some)
interna6onal
organiza6ons.
And
its
law
is
complemented

by
transna6onal
norma6ve
regimes,
such
as
the
notorious
lex

mercatoria,
and
hybrid
legal
forms,
such
as
those
found
in
the

ever
growing
ﬁeld
of
investment
arbitra6on.
Tradi6onal
party-‐
based
representa6ve
democracy,
too,
no
longer
enjoys
a

monopoly
over
the
provision
of
par6cipa6on,
accountability
and

transparency,
or,
in
other
words,
legi6macy,
but
is
challenged
by

parallel
mechanisms
that
transcend
the
state
and
its
model
of

all-‐encompassing
administra6on
–
the
poli6cal
dynamics

unleased
by
YouTube,
Wikileaks
and
Twi"er,
but
also
by
the

DAAD
WEBINAR
resurgence
of
grass-‐roots
ac6vism
a
la
Stu"gart
21,
tes6fy
to

PUBLIC
POLICY
this
development.
Even
that
other
great
regulatory
device
of

AND
GOOD

GOVERNANCE
tradi6onal
statehood,
strategic
military
power,
is
undergoing

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION
profound
changes
in
light
of
severe
budget
constraints
and

en6rely
new
objec6ves
for
military
interven6on.

– What
is
more,
not
just
is
the
role
of
states
changing
vis-‐a-‐vis

non-‐state
actors,
but
the
geopoli6cal
balance
among
states
has

become
fluid,
too.
The
‘West’
with
its
geographic
centre
in
the

so
called
Old
and
New
World,
Europe
and
North
America,
is

gradually
loosing
its
poli6cal,
economic,
and
military

predominance,
or,
at
the
very
least,
has
to
adapt
to
be
just
one

part
of
a
larger
peer
group
that
includes
emerging
states
such
as

Brazil,
Russia,
India,
or
China,
that
is,
the
BRIC
states,
and
several

more.
Internal
governance
in
these
states
differs
significantly

from
the
tradi6onal
‘Western’
model,
and,
of
course,
from
each

other,
yet
the
6mes
are
over
when
the
‘West’
could
simply

understand
these
as
being
in
a
process
of
clear-‐cut

transforma6on
to
Western
liberal
democracy,
free
or
social

market
economy,
and
rule-‐of-‐law
based
public
administra6on.

The
ways
in
which
state
and
society,
government
and
market,

DAAD
WEBINAR

poli6cs
and
law
interact
and
the
ways
in
which
legi6macy
is

produced
in
these
states
represent
an
ofen
difficult
to
decipher

PUBLIC
POLICY

AND
GOOD
mix
of
adapta6ons
of
Western
idealtypes
and
en6rely
different

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE
forms
of
governance.

MENA
REGION

• The
(NaOon)
State

– ‚Marriage‘
of

• naOon
(cultural
idenOty)

• territorial
administraOve
unit

QUESTIONS:

• Is
the
State
withering
away,
is
it
changing
its

role
or
is
it
experiencing
a
renaissance
?

• What
is
the
role
of
democracy
in
state-‐
DAAD
WEBINAR
buidling
/
state-‐formaOon
?
What
‚couts‘
as

PUBLIC
POLICY

AND
GOOD
democracy
?

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

• Markets

– transnaOonal
exchange
of
good/services

– compeOOon

– ‚new
form
of
regulaOon‘
&
organizaOonal

principle

 UESTIONS

Q
• ‚Who‘
is
the
market
in
diﬀerent
(MENA)

countries
?

DAAD
WEBINAR

PUBLIC
POLICY
• What
are
the
economic
prospects
of
the

AND
GOOD

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

region
?

• Is
markeOzaOon
used
as
a
regulatory

MENA
REGION

principle
in
the
region
?

• Civil
SocieOes

– public
sphere
(collecOve)
v.
private
sphere

(individual)

– interest-‐oriented,
cause-‐guided,
non-‐proﬁt

 UESTIONS

Q
• ‚Who‘
is
civil
society
in
the
region
?

• What
are
the
primary
concerns
of
civil

society
?

DAAD
WEBINAR

PUBLIC
POLICY
• Is
religion
part
of
civil
society
?

AND
GOOD

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

The
MENA
Region
&
Governance

DAAD
WEBINAR

PUBLIC
POLICY

AND
GOOD

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

DAAD
WEBINAR

PUBLIC
POLICY

AND
GOOD

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

DAAD
WEBINAR

PUBLIC
POLICY

AND
GOOD

GOVERNANCE

CHALLENGES
IN
THE

MENA
REGION

Maps
by
Phillipe
Rekacewicz,

Le
Monde
Diploma.que

Austausch PPGG

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