This document provides an overview of key concepts and approaches in social science research methodologies. It discusses philosophies of science from Popper, Kuhn and Feyerabend and their views on falsification, paradigms and epistemological pluralism. It also examines debates around objectivity, the roles of values, and differences between naturalist and interpretivist approaches. Major figures discussed include Durkheim, Weber, Stanley and Wise in relation to their perspectives on the personal in research and establishing objective knowledge in the social sciences.
Understanding the concept of social science researchrahuldon1
Research is a very powerful and thoughtful process. It enables a person, scholar, academician to explore beyond the horizon. This document will throw lights on the basic understanding of social science research and philosophy
In this paper, the author presented how to carry out an appropriate research without any fear. Our intention is to motivated the researcher in such a technique that, they do not feel any difficulties when they start-up their research. After goes through this report, the researcher will never feel anxiety during their research work. Before starting the research work, researchers are fell trepidation but here presented approach will stirred up the researcher for research. The systematic process is presented in this paper for carry on the healthy research.
Understanding the concept of social science researchrahuldon1
Research is a very powerful and thoughtful process. It enables a person, scholar, academician to explore beyond the horizon. This document will throw lights on the basic understanding of social science research and philosophy
In this paper, the author presented how to carry out an appropriate research without any fear. Our intention is to motivated the researcher in such a technique that, they do not feel any difficulties when they start-up their research. After goes through this report, the researcher will never feel anxiety during their research work. Before starting the research work, researchers are fell trepidation but here presented approach will stirred up the researcher for research. The systematic process is presented in this paper for carry on the healthy research.
A brief introduction do the Philosophy of Science for information scientists and technologists. This is also Chapter 1 of my course on Qualitative Research.
An overview of History and Philosophy of Science, dissecting terms such as History, Philosophy and its focal point science, correlating history of science and philosophy of science, tackeling about other essential information such as scientific method, paradigms and the role of History and Philosophy of Science in Science classroom. This is such a great help to inspire teachers and soon to be on how they can integrate their learning's in this subject to further enhance more science teaching.
A brief introduction do the Philosophy of Science for information scientists and technologists. This is also Chapter 1 of my course on Qualitative Research.
An overview of History and Philosophy of Science, dissecting terms such as History, Philosophy and its focal point science, correlating history of science and philosophy of science, tackeling about other essential information such as scientific method, paradigms and the role of History and Philosophy of Science in Science classroom. This is such a great help to inspire teachers and soon to be on how they can integrate their learning's in this subject to further enhance more science teaching.
Métodos e técnicas de investigação em Ciências Sociais.
Material de apoio para os alunos de Sociologia, do 12º ano, da Escola Secundária Seomara da Costa Primo, na Amadora.
Scientism, or the unity of scientific method. The positivist
methodology does not see any difference between the
natural and the social sciences. The adoption however, of
the unity of the scientific method is accepted in tandem
with the notion of the predominant role of the natural
sciences, in which the social sciences see their model.
The outcome is what we call scientism, that is the view
that only the natural sciences can produce the semantic
interpretation of knowledge.
The contemporary philosophy of science (epistemology) featuring K.Popper, T.Kuhn, I.Lakatos, P.Feyerabend, Hanson among others, has exercised a decisive critique to the dominant views of the positivist and neo-positivist model of knowledge and has in fact undermined its credibility.
The contemporary philosophy of science & the problem of the scientific consciousness.
...The understanding of scientific knowledge requires reflective thinking. The reflective thinking could restore the communication between subject and object, between social sciences and natural sciences. Only then, communication between facts and values can achieved. In other words, communication between reason and myth, science and art, knowledge and wisdom, empirical research and the existential question for the meaning of life.
...the problem of scientific consciousness (liability) requires the transformation of the structures of the same knowledge. The sovereignty of uncontrolled scientism-positivism leads to brutalization and the reaction to it, leads to metaphysical obscurantism and madness. The researcher should be aware of the complex and reciprocal relationships between the scientific, technical, social and political worlds...
OBJECTIVITY IN SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH Ruby Med Plus
Objectivity is considered as an ideal for scientific inquiry, as a good reason for valuing scientific knowledge, and as the foundation of the authority of science in society. It expresses the thought that the claims, methods and results of science are not, or should not be influenced by particular perspectives, value commitments, community bias or personal interests, to name a few significant factors. Scientific objectivity is a feature of scientific claims, methods and results.
THE SELF CRITICISM OF SCIENCE - ALEXIS KARPOUZOSalexis karpouzos
The neoteric human being is now being cut off from the order of nature and establishes itself as the rationally re- flecting and acting subject which is now posited against the object of its cognitive and practical activity. Civiliza- tion is constituted as the product of human activity, as an artifact and technical construct. iWth this development, human civilization is transformed to a ‘quasi nature’, aim- ing to correct and replace nature, and man assumes the nature of a technical existence. By ‘technical existence’ we mean the prevalence of a one-dimensional image of the human person as the producer of rational hypotheses and interpretations and the downgrading and degrada- tion of the non-rational element of human existence, i.e. the radical imagination as a creative capacity, which forms the a priori condition and prerequisite for social activity. This constitutive element of the modern world (man, as the producer of rational hypotheses) and its ar- ticulation with the ideology of techno-scientific progress and the evolution of the machine that transforms the methods and theories of natural sciences, arming these with new tools and constantly renovating their research and experimental capabilities, finally led to the replace- ment of religious and metaphysical dogmas by the blind faith to the dogma of technical and scientific progress.
Science v Pseudoscience: What’s the Difference? - Kevin KorbAdam Ford
Science has a certain common core, especially a reliance on empirical methods of assessing hypotheses. Pseudosciences have little in common but their negation: they are not science.
They reject meaningful empirical assessment in some way or another. Popper proposed a clear demarcation criterion for Science v Rubbish: Falsifiability. However, his criterion has not stood the test of time. There are no definitive arguments against any pseudoscience, any more than against extreme skepticism in general, but there are clear indicators of phoniness.
Post: http://www.scifuture.org/science-vs-pseudoscience
Postgraduate Innovation Education - Practice based
“ The MA Innovation in Practice at Goldsmiths comes at a poignant time in our cultural and technology and business history. Many of the Innovation writers of Design led, design facilitated or even trans disciplinary Innovation point to this. Innovation, seeing new things in new ways, especially brought into being using creative endeavor while working across a spectrum of contributing disciplines is now agreed to be the way, not only to create new and relevant Ideas, but also to enable them to come into being and be nurtured to a point that they become part of everyday culture.”
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
Terry Research Methodologies
1. Introduction to Social Science Research Methodologies For: MA Critical Theory and Practice & MRes in Design T.E. Rosenberg Source: ‘Researching Society and Culture’ 2 nd edition: ed. Clive Seale
2.
3. Methodology Methodology is defined in the OED as the ‘science of method’. Methodology may be thought of the regulative principles (regulated by philosophic, political, religious etc. persuasions) that subtend the ‘volition of the research’. ‘ Methods’ are the particular individual, or, ensemble, of techniques deployed in carrying out research.
4. Competing Philosophies of Science Karl Popper (1902-1994) Popper proposed a single model of scientific explanation – the hypothetico-deductive; relying on falsification rather than verification to establish ‘truths’. Thomas Kuhn Rejects the ‘rationalist’ idea of development; he proposes that ‘mature sciences’ are characterised by ‘paradigms’ – producing methodological brackets. Paul Feyerabend Believes that all methodologies have their limits; and, rather than there being ‘one true method’ or indeed an ‘advanced paradigm’ he believes in ‘diversity of thought’ - in effect in epistemological anarchism.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9. Naturalists and Interpretivists Naturalists: Argue that the methods for the ‘natural sciences’ are also applicable to researching social forms; they argue that research is about establishing ‘universal truths’. Interpretivists: Advance that the methods of the ‘natural sciences’ are, if not inappropriate, then, not always appropriate in dealing with social ‘facts’ (?); they argue that research is in fact (sic) about ‘meanings’ and not scientific truths.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15. Relativism Relativists argue that there aren’t universal truths; and that there is no one reality… on the contrary there are many truths and many realities. ‘ Different cultures employ radically different conceptual schemes defining what exists in the world, how things are organised in time and space, what sorts of relation obtain among things, and how some things influence others… [from this standpoint] it is not possible to give rational grounds for concluding that one such scheme is more congruent to reality than another’. Daniel Little
16.
17. There are no truths outside the Gates of Eden (Dylan) The social sciences cannot produce a ‘correct version’; at any one time it can only lay claim to having a ‘feasible version’ of any number of possible versions? ‘ The check of the independently real is not peculiar to science…… Reality is not what gives language sense…. Both the distinction between the real and the unreal and the concept of agreement with reality themselves belong to our language’. Peter Winch
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31. Indexicality and Reflexivity Indexicality and reflexivity are key to understanding the ethnomethodological view of language The meaning of words is contingent on the context of use and relationship to other words. Words ‘index’, rather than referring to determined meanings. Language is, in addition, reflexive – reflecting everyday activity as ordered or sensible.
32. Structuralism Structuralism is intrinsically concerned with language; seeing it as the determining deeper structure which shapes the meaning of our actions. Structuralist believed that phenomena as diverse as myths, restaurant menus, boxing, music scores and kinship rituals are surfaces whose deeper meanings are determined at a deeper level as a system of signs. ‘ Social action itself is, for the purposes of structuralist analysis, a surface manifestation (appearance/surface) of a series of deeper master patterns (essence/depth), internalized at the level of cognition.
33. Post-structuralism Post-structuralist thought is associated largely with French theorists like Derrida, Foucault, Deleuze and Guattari; a list of other influential thinkers would include Irigaray, Kristeva, Levinas, Spivak, Lyotard. They are concerned to comprehend life not as ‘something composed of identities, objects and subjects, but of difference, complex relations and instability’. Foucault’s studies (sexuality, ethics, health, madness, discipline, government) are ‘concerned with the different modes by which human beings are made subjects’. Foucault proposes that ‘with the development of modernity and modern capitalism, a new regime of social power emerges that takes life itself as its object’ (bio-power) operating through thoroughly heterogenous ensemble[s] consisting of discourses, institutions,architectural forms, regulatory decisions, laws,administrative measures, scientific statements, philosophical, moral and philanthropic propositions’. In other words ‘ discursive formations ’.
34. Post-structuralism and Post-Modernism Post-structuralist research is concerned with the formations and regimes that, at one and the same time, produce and also overwhelm the human subject. Theorists of postmodern culture include poststructuralist but are also include those of other theoretical dispositions. Postmodernist thought is incredulous of modernist (out of Enlightment) metanarratives (grand explanatory schemes). ‘ Postmodernism introduces instability and uncertainty into knowledge claims and practices’ and it promotes a ‘more pragmatic and situated model of research’. ‘ Media images are a central object of study for those interested in postmodernism. Importantly, the image tends to be analysed not in terms of the meaning or ideology encoded within it, but in terms of intensities, affects and desires it arouses in the consumer, and the way this relates to new forms of selfhood, collective experience and control’.
35. Validity and Power Validity refers to ‘truth value’. But whose truth? And how do we know if true? Reliability concerns the consistency with which research procedures deliver their results (regardless of the truth). For example, if the same questionnaire was presented to the same individual on two separate occasions would he or she answer in the same way. Replicability refers to the consistency of the whole research project. Can it be proved through repetition?
36. Validity and Power The heart of the Western knowledge project, which includes both conventional and postpositivist orientations, is research. The purpose of research is to study the world (the Other). The desire to explain (through research) is… a symptom of the desire to have a self (the researcher) that can control knowledge and a world that can be known (i.e. converted to the Same)’. Research Method in the Postmodern p85 J.J. Scheurich. Validity is the determination of whether the Other has been acceptably converted into the Same, according to a particular epistemology. The world is the raw untamed Other, as in raw data and as in rejected, invalid research. It must be cooked into a valid research-based theory so as to be visible and knowable; the coarse, untheorized, polyvocal Other is considered to be insufficient unto itself. It must be given meaning and appropriate form. It cannot be accepted as knowledge in its raw or rejected form; it must be re-formed (reformed) by valid theory so that it can acceptably exist within the boundary line drawn by particular validity criteria. Research Method in the Postmodern p85 J.J. Scheurich.
37. Research Ethics Methods are ‘human products with institutional histories and micro-politics of their own’; consequently there isn’t a set of neutral techniques that can be applied to investigate socio-cultural contexts, which renders the researcher’s position beyond question and which absolves him/her of responsibility.