1. A
SEMINAR REPORT
ON
“Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation
System Using IoT ”
Submitted By
Mr./ Yuvraj Kailas Shinde
Roll No: 64
Exam No: . . . . . . . . . . . .
Class: TE Comp
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Prof.S.H.Pawar
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Jaihind College of Engineering, Kuran
A/p-Kuran, Tal-Junnar, Dist-Pune-410511, State Maharashtra,India
2022-2023
2. DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Jaihind College of Engineering, Kuran
A/p-Kuran, Tal-Junnar, Dist-Pune-410511, State Maharashtra,India
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that SEMINAR report entitled
“Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System Using
IoT ”
Submitted By
Mr. Yuvraj Kailas Shinde Exam No:- . . . . . . . . . . . .
Is a bonafide work carried out by her under the supervision of Prof.S.H.Pawar and
it is submitted towards the partial fulfillment of the requirement of Savitribai Phule
Pune University,Pune for the award of the degree of TE (Computer Engineering).
Prof.S.H.Pawar Prof.S. Y. Mandlik
Seminar Guide Seminar Coordinator
JCOE, Kuran. JCOE, Kuran.
Dr.A. A. Khatri Dr.D. J. Garkal
HOD Principal
JCOE, Kuran. JCOE, Kuran.
3. Certificate By Guide
This is to certify that Mr. Yuvraj Kailas Shinde has completed the Seminar
work under my guidance and supervision and that, I have verified the work for its
originality in documentation, problem statement in the SEMINAR. Any reproduction
of other necessary work is with the prior permission and has given due ownership and
included in the references.
Place: Kuran
Date: . . ./. . . /2022 ( Prof. S.H.Pawar)
4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Any attempt at any level can’t be satisfactorily completed without support and
guidance of learned people. I would like to take this opportunity to extend my deep
felt gratitude to all people who have been there at every step for my support.
First and foremost, I would like to express my immense gratitude to my Seminar
guide Prof.S.H.Pawar and our HOD Dr. A. A. Khatri for their constant support
and motivation that has encouraged me to come up with this seminar. I would also
like to thank our seminar coordinator Prof. S. Y. Mandlik for constantly moti-
vating me and for giving me a chance to give a seminar on a creative work.
I am extremely grateful to our principle Dr. D. J. Garkal for providing state
of the art facilities I take this opportunity to thank all professors of department for
providing the useful guidance and timely encouragement which helped me to com-
plete this seminar more confidently.
I am also very thankful to family, friend and mates who have rendered their whole
hearted support at all times for the successful completion of our seminar.
Mr. Yuvraj Kailas Shinde
JCOE, Kuran.
i
5. ABSTRACT
Advancement in IoT based application has become the state-of-the art technol-
ogy among the researcher due to the availability of Internet everywhere. To make
the application more user friendly, web based and android based technologies have
gained their importance in this cutting edge technology. In this paper, smart energy
efficient home automation system is proposed that can access and control the home
equipments from every corner of the world. For this system, Internet connectivity
module is attached to the main supply unit of the home system which can be ac-
cessed through the Internet. For wireless connectivity, the static IP address is used.
Home automation is based on multimodal application that can be operated using
voice recognition command of the user using the Google Assistant or through a web
based application. Thus, main objective of this work is to make our home automation
system more secure and intelligent.
ii
6. INDEX
Acknowledgement i
Abstract ii
Index iii
List of Figures v
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction to Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System Us-
ing IoT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 SMART HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 What is Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System Using IoT 3
1.4 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 4
2.1 Base Paper Title : Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System
Using IoT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 1st reference paper title : COMMON METRICS TO BENCHMARK
HUMANMACHINE TEAMS (HMT): A REVIEW . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 2nd reference paper title : A Closer Look at the IoT’s “Things” . . . 5
2.4 3rd reference paper title : FaceME: Face-to-Machine Proximity Estima-
tion Based on RSSI Difference for Mobile Industrial Human Machine
Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.5 4Th reference paper title : Research on Internet of things middleware
technology for laboratory environmental monitoring . . . . . . . . . . 6
3 SYSTEM FRAMEWORK 7
3.1 SYSTEM DESIGN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4 ARCHITECTURE 9
iii
8. List of Figures
3.1 System flow on the smart home automation system using Google as-
sistant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.2 Internal architecture of the controller unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.1 Smart home automation system architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
v
9. Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction to Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System
Using IoT
Human-machine interaction (HMI) has become, the more realistic in day-to-day
life due to the advancement in the technology . Today, HMI research has moved one
step ahead and switched onto the Internet, which was previously used for commu-
nication and now used for things, i.e., IoT (Internet of Things) . The aim of this
application is to connect any things through the Internet that can be accessible from
anywhere. IoT application are not limited to one particular field. It has shown the
significant contribution from small scale applications to the large scale applications
such as, E- commerce , Coal Mine, Wearable device , Smart Grid , Laboratory Mon-
itoring , Agriculture and many other domains .
Though, we have received tremendous improvement in the technology, but still
power consumption is one of the big issue all over the world. As per report, the
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) alone uses 4.7 percent of the
world’s electricity, which may likely to be increased to 10as per report . India, share
about the 17 Percent of the world population has limited energy resources and share
roughly 0.6 Percent, 0.47 Percent, for world gas, oil and coal reserves respectively
[20]. However, in India, the electricity consumption due to ICT usage has increased
from 24 TWh to 31 TWh in the last five years (for the period 2009-2014). This has
resulted in electricity consumption of roughly 6.5 percent in 2015.
Thus, saving of the power is the main concern, which is the basic aim of this
project. To save the power consumption, we have proposed the smart, energy efficient
home automation system using IoT. Thus, aim of this research to save the power con-
sumption (reducing the electricity bills) and at the same time provide the safety and
security of the home equipments.
1
10. Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System Using IoT
1.2 SMART HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM
As demand for electricity is increasing day-by-day,therefore, smart home is
the upcoming area of research to provide the remote access for controlling the home
appliance using IoT . IoT based application has also provided the boom for old aged
people and the person having some sort of disability . This allows the user to control
the home automation device such as fan, bulb etc., without even making any physical
connection
Research conducted on home automation system is reported in . Most of the
previous system based on these techniques is either based on DTMF or Bluetooth
system . The basic problem with DTMF based home automation require dedicated
PSTN channel for communication between main supply units and controlling device.
On the other hand, Bluetooth is useful for short range communication that requires
the operating appliance in their range.
Home automation using MQTT is presented in [28] for sending/receiving data
from the sensor. For this Raspberry pi is used as a gateway for accessing the data
from the sensor which are used to measure the temperature and humidity of the room.
Another home automation system is presented in [23] which are based on Raspberry
pi and user can control their home appliance using the web-based interface. In [26],
home automation using mobile is reported in which system is designed using ZigBee.
IoT has provided the applications to turn non-smart device into smart de-
vice, which allow users to access these devices through the Internet. It converts the
home into smart home and provides a more robust method of controlling the home
appliance. Also, the security can be added with the help of installed camera in the
home, which can be traced through the Internet. Thus, user can monitor their home
and can turn ON/OFF their appliances which will definitely going to save both the
electricity and electric bills.
Other features that can be included in the smart home for security purpose is
to include the sensors and cameras that can prevent the intruder from entering into
your home. Also, making the system more intelligent, that can turn on the light and
fan of the room as soon as it detects the presence of the person.
2
Jaihind College Of Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering - 2022-23
11. Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System Using IoT
1.3 What is Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System Using IoT
smart energy efficient home automation system is proposed that can access and
control the home equipments from every corner of the world. For this system, Internet
connectivity module is attached to the main supply unit of the home system which
can be accessed through the Internet .
1.4 Motivation
Home Automation has been on the rise in the past few years. Now every things
are controlled by IoT As demand for electricity is increasing day-by-day IoT allow
users to access devices through the Internet. It converts the home into smart home
and provides a more robust method of controlling the home appliance. Also, the
security can be added with the help of installed camera in the home, which can be
traced through the Internet
3
Jaihind College Of Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering - 2022-23
12. Chapter 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Base Paper Title : Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System
Using IoT
Advancement in IoT based application has become the state-of-the art tech-
nology among the researcher due to the availability of Internet everywhere. To make
the application more user friendly, web based and android based technologies have
gained their importance in this cutting edge technology. In this paper, smart energy
efficient home automation system is proposed that can access and control the home
equipments from every corner of the world. For this system, Internet connectivity
module is attached to the main supply unit of the home system which can be ac-
cessed through the Internet. For wireless connectivity, the static IP address is used.
Home automation is based on multimodal application that can be operated using
voice recognition command of the user using the Google Assistant or through a web
based application. Thus, main objective of this work is to make our home automation
system more secure and intelligent.
2.2 1st reference paper title : COMMON METRICS TO BENCHMARK
HUMANMACHINE TEAMS (HMT): A REVIEW
A significant amount of work is invested in human-machine teaming (HMT)
across multiple fields. Accurately and effectively measuring system performance of an
HMT is crucial for moving the design of these systems forward. Metrics are the en-
abling tools to devise a benchmark in any system and serve as an evaluation platform
for assessing the performance, along with the verification and validation, of a system.
Currently, there is no agreed-upon set of benchmark metrics for developing HMT sys-
tems. Therefore, identification and classification of common metrics are imperative
to create a benchmark in the HMT field. The key focus of this review is to conduct
4
13. Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System Using IoT
a detailed survey aimed at identification of metrics employed in different segments
of HMT and to determine the common metrics that can be used in the future to
benchmark HMTs. We have organized this review as follows: identification of met-
rics used in HMTs until now, and classification based on functionality and measuring
techniques. Additionally, we have also attempted to analyze all the identified metrics
in detail while classifying them as theoretical, applied, real-time, non–realtime, mea-
surable, and observable metrics. We conclude this review with a detailed analysis of
the identified common metrics along with their usage to benchmark HMTs.
2.3 2nd reference paper title : A Closer Look at the IoT’s “Things”
The acronym IoT is quite boring: Internet (I), of (o), Things (T). Obviously
“o” is not useful. So “I” and “T” must be the key players. However, the Inter-
net was around long before the acronym IoT was proposed. Thus, the “things” are
what really matters—they’re what differentiate distributed computing systems of past
decades from newer IT systems. NIST recently released a special publication called
Networks of Things (SP 800–183) to explain the underlying science of the IoT.1 The
publication defines a Network of Things (NoT), which incorporates various kinds of
sensing devices, software, actuators, computing platforms, and communication pro-
tocols through network connections. It also defines five primitives as the building
blocks of NoTs: sensor, aggregator, communication channel, external utility (eUtil-
ity), and decision trigger. These are high-level classes of “things.” By understanding
the “things,” we gain insight into what the IoT is. Thus, these five primitives are the
“Lego-like” building blocks that are used to architect IoT-based systems. However,
there is still no universally accepted and actionable definition of the IoT.
2.4 3rd reference paper title : FaceME: Face-to-Machine Proximity Esti-
mation Based on RSSI Difference for Mobile Industrial Human Ma-
chine Interaction
In the mobile industrial human machine interaction (HMI), to establish the data
connection, the engineer has to manually select the target machine from a long list
which may lead to wrong connection and waste of time. We observe that the engineer
should face to the machine during the interaction to ensure that the machine works
accurately, and this characteristic makes the proximity estimation algorithm suitable
to simplify the data connection. However, due to the densely deployed machines, the
5
Jaihind College Of Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering - 2022-23
14. Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System Using IoT
existing algorithms can not provide sufficient accuracy with limited latency. In this
paper, we implement a testbed to evaluate the performance in the mobile industrial
HMI. Based on the experimental results, we propose the definition of RSSI differ-
ence and then use it to design the face-to-machine proximity estimation (FaceME)
algorithm. The experimental results prove that FaceME can provide guaranteed es-
timation accuracy and low time complexity.
2.5 4Th reference paper title : Research on Internet of things middleware
technology for laboratory environmental monitoring
The Internet of things is an important technology for computer network, and
it is of great importance for the information era. In this paper, we aim to integrate
the Internet of things and middleware technology together to effectively monitor lab-
oratory environment. Currently, IoT related researches can be classified to three
directions: such as Internet-oriented, things-oriented , and semantic-oriented. After-
wards, the structure of the IoT middleware for laboratory environmental monitoring
is provided, which contains: Information gateway, Security component, Routing com-
ponent, Message queue, and so on. Finally, experimental results demonstrate that the
proposed Internet of things middleware technology can monitor the light and sound
in the laboratory environment with high accuracy.
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Jaihind College Of Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering - 2022-23
15. Chapter 3
SYSTEM FRAMEWORK
3.1 SYSTEM DESIGN
Speech is one of the most important inputs used for man-machine interaction
. Therefore, to make smart home more user friendly, Google assistance along with
web based application can be used to control the home system.
The advantage of multimodal is that in the presence of the noisy background
surrounding the performance of the Google assistance degrades. Hence, in such sce-
nario web based application can be helpful in controlling the appliance of the system.
Thus, the proposed model is designed to provide better flexibility and making the
system more robust. Figure 4.1 shows the general architecture of the smart home
automation system
As shown in the Figure 4.1 the smart home can be implemented with main
controller unit (Main switching of the home circuit) that is connected with the 24-
hour available Wi-Fi network. To ensure, that the Wi-Fi connection do not turn
off, the main controller is programmed to establish automatic connection with the
available network and connected to the auto power backup.
Further, the sub-units are connected with the main controller so that the
devices which are not smart (here in this case we are referring to the old home
appliance system) can be turned into the smart appliance. Thus, users can access
and controlled their smart home using Google assistant and web based service using an
IoT based application that uses Adafruit and IFTTT to maintain the communication
link.
7
16. Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System Using IoT
Figure 3.1: System flow on the smart home automation system using Google assis-
tant
Figure 3.2: Internal architecture of the controller unit
8
Jaihind College Of Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering - 2022-23
18. Chapter 5
APPLICATIONS
• NodeMcu
• IFTTT
• Adafruit
• Arduino Software(IDE)
5.1 NodeMcu (ESP8266)
NodeMCU is an open source firmware for which open source prototyping board
designs are available. The name ”NodeMCU” combines ”node” and ”MCU” (micro-
controller unit). Strictly speaking, the term ”NodeMCU” refers to the firmware
rather than the associated development kits.[citation needed] Both the firmware and
prototyping board designs are open source.
The firmware uses the Lua scripting language. The firmware is based on the
eLua project, and built on the Espressif Non-OS SDK for ESP8266. It uses many
open source projects, such as lua-cjson and SPIFFS. Due to resource constraints, users
need to select the modules relevant for their project and build a firmware tailored to
their needs. Support for the 32-bit ESP32 has also been implemented.
The prototyping hardware typically used is a circuit board functioning as a
dual in-line package (DIP) which integrates a USB controller with a smaller surface-
mounted board containing the MCU and antenna. The choice of the DIP format
allows for easy prototyping on breadboards. The design was initially based on the
ESP-12 module of the ESP8266, which is a Wi-Fi SoC integrated with a Tensilica
Xtensa LX106 core, widely used in IoT applications
5.2 IFTTT
IFTTT stands for “If This Then That”, is an interface which provide the web
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19. Smart Energy Efficient Home Automation System Using IoT
based service in which device are connected with the mobile application. Thus, mak-
ing it much easier for the device to work based on the mobile application using the
conditional statements.
IFTTT, an acronym for If This Then That, is a free service that automates
connectivity between apps and services, enabling users to utilize “recipes” that will
coordinate small tasks between Internet and web services.
Sounded out like “ift” (rhymes with “gift”), IFTTT can be used on the Web
or through apps for iOS and Android. An IFTTT trigger, or the “if this” part of the
system, will prompt IFTTT to begin the automation process.
This leads to a set of actions the “then that” part of IFTTT wherein changes
to one service lead to changes on other services via conditional statements called
“applets” (the recently renamed form of “recipes”).
5.3 Adafruit
Adafruit is a library that supports the MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Trans-
port) .It acts as an MQTT broker. MQTT is based on protocol service that provide
the sending and receiving of the feed data. The advantage of MQTT is that it pro-
vides a faster rate of transmission of the data and require less data byte for the
connectivity. It requires 80 bytes for establishing the connection between the device
to the server and 20 bytes from server to device.
5.4 Arduino Software(IDE)
Arduino IDE software is used to compile the code .
11
Jaihind College Of Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering - 2022-23
20. Chapter 6
CONCLUSION
In this paper, we have presented the step-by-step procedure of smart home au-
tomation controller unit. With the help of the design control unit, home appliance
can be converted into a smart and intelligent device using IoT.
12
21. Chapter 7
FUTURE SCOPE
The working of the proposed model was experimentally shown with help of con-
necting the three bulbs. Proposed system has two advantages. First, using the IoT
connectivity, we can monitor and access our smart home easily from anywhere, which
will definitely will prove to be energy efficient. Secondly, it act has a helping hand
for the old age and differently abled person. For future work we would like to add
up more controlling units that can make our smart home more intelligent that can
be practically deployed in the real time situation.
13
22. Bibliography
[1] P. Damacharla, A. Y. Javaid, J. J. Gallimore and V. K. Devabhaktuni, ”Common
Metrics to Benchmark Human-Machine Teams (HMT): A Review,” in IEEE
Access, vol. 6, pp. 38637-38655, 2018.
[2] O. Benderius, C. Berger and V. Malmsten Lundgren, ”The Best Rated Human-
Machine Interface Design for Autonomous Vehicles in the 2016 Grand Cooper-
ative Driving Challenge,” in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation
Systems, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 1302-1307, April 2018
[3] Z. Xu, R. Wang, X. Yue, T. Liu, C. Chen and S. Fang, ”FaceME: Face-to-
Machine Proximity Estimation Based on RSSI Difference for Mobile Industrial
HumanMachine Interaction,” in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,
vol. 14, no. 8, pp. 3547-3558, Aug. 2018.
[4] Q. F. Hassan, ”Introduction to the Internet of Things,” in Internet of Things A
to Z: Technologies and Applications , IEEE, 2018.
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