if you want to learn about diffrent types of building material , this is slides for your some understanding of material's. thank you for your sppourt for this.
if you want to learn about diffrent types of building material , this is slides for your some understanding of material's. thank you for your sppourt for this.
Building Materials Used for Building Construction in the world All kinds of Construction Materials used for Civil Works in Quantity Surveying Estimation Costing Billing Tendering Contract and Project Management Civil Works Finishing Plumbing work earthwork
Building material is material used for construction. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, and wood, even twigs and leaves, have been used to construct buildings. Apart from naturally occurring materials, many man-made products are in use, some more and some less synthetic.
Lime is categorized as one of the most important building material which was mainly used in the ancient Greece, Rome and India.
There are many buildings which used lime for plastering and as a mortar.
This paper contains a Brief description on lime - as a building material.
Building Materials Used for Building Construction in the world All kinds of Construction Materials used for Civil Works in Quantity Surveying Estimation Costing Billing Tendering Contract and Project Management Civil Works Finishing Plumbing work earthwork
Building material is material used for construction. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, rocks, sand, and wood, even twigs and leaves, have been used to construct buildings. Apart from naturally occurring materials, many man-made products are in use, some more and some less synthetic.
Lime is categorized as one of the most important building material which was mainly used in the ancient Greece, Rome and India.
There are many buildings which used lime for plastering and as a mortar.
This paper contains a Brief description on lime - as a building material.
A report on the procedures and construction process of buildings based on real life site visits at Taman Bukit Segar, Cheras and Glenmarie Cove, Klang.
By students of Bsc(Hons) Architecture of Taylor's University.
Hi everyone,
In this presentation is shown the construction materials: how we manufacture and use them, and how we build a building.
I hope you will enjoy it.
Jesús ZB and my friend Daniel, Spain.
a good building must be capable of absorbing the traces of human life and taking on a specific richness... I think of the patina of age on materials, of innumerable small scratches on surfaces, of varnish that has grown dull and brittle, and of edges polished by use.
Building is about getting around the obstacles that are presented to you.” – Jeremy Renner
For the majority of us, building a house is a once-in-a-lifetime chance. You must first comprehend the nature of the building materials utilised in order to understand how buildings are constructed.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
3. STONESTONE
Stone is an ancient natural material, that we
extract from quarries.Many differents types of
rocks are used, such us , slate, granite or
marble.Stone stil has several uses as a
contruction material.Stone can be shaped into
blocks or into panels.
4. CEMENTCEMENT
Cement is a blinder. It is a
dry powder that blinds other
materials together.Cement is
a mixture of ground and
baked minerals, oxides, and
something other substances.
Depending on which mineral
and oxides we put in the mix
and in what percentage, the
properties of cement are
different.
Portlan cement is considered to
be the standard mixture.
The first step in making cement
is to grind chalk and limestone.
Then the grind chalk and
limestone are calcinated at
1450ºC in an oven called kiln.
The calcinated ground is called
clinker.The clinker is the ground
with a bit of gypsum.Then all the
ingredients are mixed with the
clinker and the gypsum
5. Mortar is a mixture of cement, sand and water. it´s
best to mix the cement and the sand first because
they mix more easily without water. When we add
water it becomes a paste. When cement and
water come into contac they start a chemical
reaction called “setting”.
MORTARMORTAR
6. CONCRETECONCRETE
Concrete is mortar whith
added pebbles, so it is a
mixture of cement, water
and pebbles. The pebbles
make the concrete stronger
than the mortar.
Reinforced concrete is
concrete with steel bars
inside it. Concrete has
good resistance to
compression but not to
tension and steel has a
good resistance to both
tension and
compresion.we
always reinforce
concrete beams.
7. PLASTERPLASTER
Plaster is a soft solid that we normally use for
aesthetic purpose, to cover brick walls which have
a rough surface. Plaster foam is used as
Fire-resistance material. Plaster comes from
gypsum :gypsum is mixed with water, it becomes
a paste and we can spread it on interior walls.
8. CERAMICSCERAMICS
1.1Ceramic is made from clay.
Clay is a mass of very small particles of
rock.We normally use the best clay we
can find in the same country of the
contruction to reduce costs.
9. 1.2 The most common ceramic
product are bricks. Other ceramic
materials are tiles, such as roofing
tiles, walls tiles, and floor tiles. Walls
and floor tiles are coated with
porcelain. Porcelain is much
harder , it gives a soft surface, and it
is completely waterproof.
10. MANUFACTURING CERAMICS
1º-Moulding: The first step in making ceramics is
to give the clay the required shape. We make a
mould with the negative shape of a brick, then we
fill the mould with clay. The mould goes through a
kiln on a conveyor belt .
2º-Drying: When the water evaporates, the clay
becomes hard, but if water is added, it becomes
soft again. Drying the clay can be done under the
sun or with fans.
3º-Firing: Firing is done in a kiln, at temperatures
between1000ºC and 1600ºC. After firing, the
material is ceramic: the tiny bits of rocks have
now bonded together.
11. The Stages of construction aThe Stages of construction a
buildingbuilding
12. Preliminary Work is BegunPreliminary Work is Begun
Plans are chosen, materials are ordered,
and our Superintendents secure has all
necessary permits required to begin the
building process. A schedule that will be
adjusted and revised many times is begun.
13. Foundations are pouredFoundations are poured
Each home site is graded and staked. Form
boards are meticulously measured and
placed, the plumbing lines are run, and
inspection officials are called. Once
approved, we pour the concrete foundation.
14. Frames are RaisedFrames are Raised
We start framing the exterior and interior
walls then raise the roof trusses and any
stairs. We attach wall sheathing to enclose
the home and roof sheathing over the
trusses
15. Exterior Finishes are AppliedExterior Finishes are Applied
Roofing materials and attic vents are
installed. Windows and exterior doors are
set into place and façade materials, such as
brick and siding, are applied. Finally, exterior
trim and accents are added.
16. Mechanical Systems are InstalleMechanical Systems are Installe
The plumbing, heating & air, and electrical
systems are “roughed-in” at this stage.
Bathtubs and shower units are installed.
Ends of pipes, wiring, and ductwork are left
exposed for completion later. At the end of
this stage, each home is inspected closely
by a SHB superintendent and the local
building inspection official.
