A presentation from Prof Gina Wisker (University of Brighton). Presented as part of the CWWSkills programme (AHRC collaborative skills development). Liverpool, January 2014
This document provides an overview of topics related to identity, women's rhetorical history, feminism, and the culture of strategic discourse. Regarding women's rhetorical history, it discusses how women have contributed to the development of rhetorical traditions throughout history despite facing exclusion. It profiles several influential female leaders and thinkers from different time periods who used rhetoric to advocate for women's rights and intellectual abilities. The document also outlines the key events and principles of the three waves of feminism. In the section on culture of strategic discourse, it examines the role of journalism and popular culture in shaping contemporary discourse, including the evolution of journalism styles and debates around media bias.
Becoming-Woman by Practising Autofiction: Narratives of Memory-Work Applied to the Vindication of a Female Identity by Nacho Diaz-Vazquez. A presentation at the BSA Teaching Group Regional event on Friday, 29 May 2015.
This document provides an overview and objectives for a unit on contemporary African American language from enslavement to the present. It discusses how language has evolved over time, from the slave trade through emancipation and into modern times, and how racism has influenced generations of African Americans and their ability to speak and write English. The unit will examine this topic through primary documents, debates, and discussions on language acquisition and challenges identified in scholarly sources. Students will critique challenges from different perspectives and discuss how language has been used as a tool for empowerment and how acquiring a mother tongue informs identity.
This document provides an overview and summary of Jeremy Gilbert's book "Anticapitalism and Culture: Radical Theory and Popular Politics".
The book stages a dialogue between the histories, concerns and ideas of cultural studies and the anti-capitalist movement. Cultural studies emerged from radical left politics but lost its connection to movements in recent decades. The anti-capitalist movement shares affinities with cultural studies' roots but has simplistic views of culture and politics.
The book examines the political history of cultural studies and its relationship to left movements. It outlines the emergence of the anti-capitalist movement and argues it has a radical democratic potential. It considers different views of capitalism and culture, and explores theoretical
A Brief introduction about Feminist literary Criticism- It's History, Criticism as literature and the the role of Female writer and it's Creations-Creative Writings and comparison.
This document provides an overview of feminist theory and its application to visual arts. It discusses the basic premises of feminism, including that women experience oppression under patriarchal systems. It then summarizes several influential feminist movements and ideologies such as socialist feminism, radical feminism, liberal feminism, black feminism, and French feminism. The document also profiles some influential feminist thinkers and artists such as Mary Wollstonecraft, Virginia Woolf, Kate Chopin, and Mary Cassatt.
The word ‘Subaltern’ stands for ‘of inferior rank’ or status. Subordinate, hence, of rank, power, authority and action. In other words, it refers to the subordination of class, caste, gender, race, language and culture. It also indicates to those groups in society who are subject to the domination of the ruling classes.In general, subaltern classes include peasants, workers and other groups who have been denied access to ‘hegemonic’ power.
Antonio Gramsci: Italian Marxist, best known for his elaboration of the concept of 'hegemony'. A founder of the Italian communist party (in 1921), he was imprisoned by the Fascists in 1926, and spent the remainder of his life under arrest. While in prison, and despite poor health, he continued to study and write. The Prison Notebooks (1929—1935), published only after the fall of Fascism, represent the core of his considerable contribution to Marxist theory. (Edgar, Sedgwick, 2002) ...........
This document provides an overview of topics related to identity, women's rhetorical history, feminism, and the culture of strategic discourse. Regarding women's rhetorical history, it discusses how women have contributed to the development of rhetorical traditions throughout history despite facing exclusion. It profiles several influential female leaders and thinkers from different time periods who used rhetoric to advocate for women's rights and intellectual abilities. The document also outlines the key events and principles of the three waves of feminism. In the section on culture of strategic discourse, it examines the role of journalism and popular culture in shaping contemporary discourse, including the evolution of journalism styles and debates around media bias.
Becoming-Woman by Practising Autofiction: Narratives of Memory-Work Applied to the Vindication of a Female Identity by Nacho Diaz-Vazquez. A presentation at the BSA Teaching Group Regional event on Friday, 29 May 2015.
This document provides an overview and objectives for a unit on contemporary African American language from enslavement to the present. It discusses how language has evolved over time, from the slave trade through emancipation and into modern times, and how racism has influenced generations of African Americans and their ability to speak and write English. The unit will examine this topic through primary documents, debates, and discussions on language acquisition and challenges identified in scholarly sources. Students will critique challenges from different perspectives and discuss how language has been used as a tool for empowerment and how acquiring a mother tongue informs identity.
This document provides an overview and summary of Jeremy Gilbert's book "Anticapitalism and Culture: Radical Theory and Popular Politics".
The book stages a dialogue between the histories, concerns and ideas of cultural studies and the anti-capitalist movement. Cultural studies emerged from radical left politics but lost its connection to movements in recent decades. The anti-capitalist movement shares affinities with cultural studies' roots but has simplistic views of culture and politics.
The book examines the political history of cultural studies and its relationship to left movements. It outlines the emergence of the anti-capitalist movement and argues it has a radical democratic potential. It considers different views of capitalism and culture, and explores theoretical
A Brief introduction about Feminist literary Criticism- It's History, Criticism as literature and the the role of Female writer and it's Creations-Creative Writings and comparison.
This document provides an overview of feminist theory and its application to visual arts. It discusses the basic premises of feminism, including that women experience oppression under patriarchal systems. It then summarizes several influential feminist movements and ideologies such as socialist feminism, radical feminism, liberal feminism, black feminism, and French feminism. The document also profiles some influential feminist thinkers and artists such as Mary Wollstonecraft, Virginia Woolf, Kate Chopin, and Mary Cassatt.
The word ‘Subaltern’ stands for ‘of inferior rank’ or status. Subordinate, hence, of rank, power, authority and action. In other words, it refers to the subordination of class, caste, gender, race, language and culture. It also indicates to those groups in society who are subject to the domination of the ruling classes.In general, subaltern classes include peasants, workers and other groups who have been denied access to ‘hegemonic’ power.
Antonio Gramsci: Italian Marxist, best known for his elaboration of the concept of 'hegemony'. A founder of the Italian communist party (in 1921), he was imprisoned by the Fascists in 1926, and spent the remainder of his life under arrest. While in prison, and despite poor health, he continued to study and write. The Prison Notebooks (1929—1935), published only after the fall of Fascism, represent the core of his considerable contribution to Marxist theory. (Edgar, Sedgwick, 2002) ...........
This document summarizes Spencer Ruelos' anthropology capstone paper which examines theories of transnationalism within queer anthropology regarding the globalization of queer identities. It begins by contextualizing the terms "transnationalism" and "globalization" and then summarizes Dennis Altman's theory that Western gay and lesbian subcultures have spread globally through processes like consumerism and mass media. However, the document argues that Altman's theory fails to account for local contexts and reproduces problematic binaries. It discusses theories of "glocalization" and "hybridization" which argue that queer identities globally are negotiated hybrids of both local and global influences, not simply imports of Western identities.
This document provides an overview of Gayatri Spivak's concept of the subaltern and subaltern theory. It defines the subaltern as someone who is marginalized or oppressed and holds a low rank in a social hierarchy. It discusses how Spivak borrowed the term from Gramsci and applies it to oppressed classes. Specifically, it examines her essay "Can the Subaltern Speak?" where she argues the structure of colonial power prevents subalterns from speaking for themselves. The document also briefly mentions her other works analyzing feminism, Marxism, and postcolonial theory.
Feminist criticism analyzes literature through a feminist lens by examining how women are portrayed and the role of patriarchal social structures. It believes that Western civilization is rooted in patriarchal ideology that oppresses and marginalizes women. Feminist criticism aims to promote gender equality by challenging traditional views of women and expanding the literary canon to include more women authors. Common approaches include investigating gender roles and relationships, as well as how literature reinforces or contests social expectations of men and women.
This document summarizes the development of colonial discourse analysis as an academic field. It discusses key thinkers like Edward Said, Homi Bhabha, and Gayatri Spivak and their approaches. It notes that while colonial discourse analysis has produced new historical analyses, the field risks stagnating without further developing the theoretical frameworks established by its founders. The document suggests Martin Bernal's book "Black Athena" as holding potential to provide a new paradigm that could challenge and revitalize colonial discourse analysis.
This summary discusses Gayatri Spivak's influential essay "Can the Subaltern Speak?". Spivak examines the concept of the subaltern, which refers to marginalized groups that are excluded from mainstream political power and representation. She analyzes the practice of sati, or widow burning, in colonial India, and how it was used and interpreted differently by Indian nationalists and British colonists. Spivak ultimately concludes that the subaltern "cannot speak" because they are structurally excluded from systems of representation and power. The essay questions how the subaltern can have a voice and be heard given their silenced position within patriarchal societies and institutions.
Comparative literature involves the study of texts across cultures in an interdisciplinary way, examining connections between literatures across time and space. In the early 20th century, some argued comparative literature was not a true subject. However, it became a recognized academic discipline with scholars developing special skills in contextualizing works across languages and cultures. The field was influenced by theorists exploring ideas like Orientalism and the role of translation in cultural exchange and literary evolution.
Feminist literary criticism analyzes how women are portrayed in texts and how these representations are often insufficient and oppressive. There are several types of feminist criticism, including liberal, Marxist, psychoanalytic, and minority feminisms. Feminist critics seek to uncover patriarchal assumptions, question gender norms and power imbalances between men and women, expand representations of women, and recover works by female authors. They aim to understand how gender roles are socially constructed and how language can marginalize women.
This document provides an overview of postcolonial theorist Gayatri Spivak and her work on subaltern studies. It discusses that Spivak is an influential intellectual who argues that subaltern groups cannot speak for themselves due to the structures of colonial power that oppress them. The document also defines subaltern as those who are oppressed and subordinate due to class, gender, race and culture. It summarizes several of Spivak's key works and contributions to postcolonial and feminist theory.
Feminist criticism aims to advocate for equal rights and representation of women in society and literature. It examines how patriarchal systems have historically marginalized and misrepresented women. Early feminist critics in the 19th century like Wollstonecraft argued women deserve equal education and opportunities. In the 1960s-70s, feminist criticism emerged as a lens to analyze literature's portrayal of gender. Critics explore common archetypes used in works like the virgin, mother, and whore that reduce women. The field continues to diversify with no single approach, working to incorporate more female authors and perspectives.
Feminist criticism developed in response to longstanding assumptions in Western culture that women are inferior to men. This is traced back to biblical narratives and philosophers like Aristotle who argued women were imperfect versions of men. In the 19th century, thinkers like Wollstonecraft argued women must reject social constructs defined by men and establish their own identity. Theorists like de Beauvoir, Woolf, and Showalter expanded on this, saying that language and society shaped by men define women as the inferior "other." Showalter advocated analyzing women's literature independently using new frameworks like examining how the female body and language are portrayed. Different strains of feminism emerged focusing on repression, oppression, and language's role in socializing gender differences.
This document summarizes and critiques the concept of decolonization being used as a metaphor in Western academic contexts without proper acknowledgement or consideration of Indigenous peoples and struggles. It notes that decolonization is not simply a metaphor and discusses how the concept has been appropriated and domesticated in a way that is dangerous and limiting. It argues that decolonization must be grounded in recognition of Indigenous sovereignty and contributions from Indigenous intellectuals and activists to avoid being a premature attempt at reconciliation that contains settler anxiety.
Comparative literature amd translation studiesKishan55555
Tejaswini Niranjana examines how translation has historically functioned as a tool of colonial domination and the construction of colonial subjectivities. She argues that translation presented the colonial view of non-Western cultures and peoples as the transparent truth, erasing heterogeneity. Niranjana also discusses how post-structuralism's critique of concepts like representation, history, and the construction of difference can provide a framework to rethink translation's role and move towards practices that resist colonial frameworks. Her analysis suggests translation and histories are intertwined and both can be reinscribed through post-colonial and post-structuralist perspectives.
Feminist literary criticism examines how literature represents women and gender, and how patriarchal power structures influence literary works and their interpretation. It launched in the 20th century with works like Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's Own and Kate Millett's Sexual Politics. Key ideas include that patriarchy oppresses women economically, politically, socially and psychologically through ideology, and defines women in opposition to male norms. Feminist criticism aims to promote gender equality by raising awareness of these issues in literature and representation.
Nature Oriented Verse: An Ecopoetic Critical Review of Romantic Poetry
Sabrina Abdulkadhom Abdulridha Jelal,
Department of English, College of Education for Human Sciences, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Iraq
The concept of nature in literary works is not altogether a new phenomenon. It has been spotted in the earliest works of literature and has been a concept that poets approach, revealing how they perceive nature and what kind of relationship they might share. With every scientific discovery, however, an impact on the human mind may reframe the manner of perception. The twentieth century has witnessed a drastic increase in scientific studies that reveal the impact of humans on the natural environment, which in turn effected the way people think about the relationship between human societies and nature. With new perceptions of viewing nature, the way people narrate stories and write poetry has been changing as well. That is why the manner and aims of how nature has been approached and analyzed in poetry has drastically changed in today’s world. One of the most common eras that witnessed a wide use of nature is Romantic Age. This presentation shall analyze and evaluate Romantic poetry according to the most recent types of literary criticism; “ecocriticism” showing thereby if it is possible to categorize the poetic productions during this era under the means of “ecopoetry.”
Keywords: Ecopoetry, Nature, Ecocriticism, Romanticism, Global Warming
The Sixth International Conference on Languages, Linguistics, Translation and Literature
9-10 October 2021 , Ahwaz
For more information, please visit the conference website:
WWW.LLLD.IR
Contested Authority in 19th Century ScienceJohn Lynch
This document discusses the development of geology as a scientific discipline in the 19th century and the tensions that arose between geologists and religious literalists. It covers key developments in geology like the discovery of deep time and fossil evidence, and the emergence of scientists as a professional class. It also examines the debates between established geologists and "scriptural geologists" who tried to reconcile geological findings with literal biblical interpretations. Overall, the document analyzes how geology became established as a field while navigating religious objections to some of its naturalistic conclusions.
This document provides a summary of the historical development of theories related to the anthropology of sexuality and sex work. It discusses how Victorian era discourses constructed sexuality as a means to ensure social control and conformity. Early anthropological studies of "primitive" peoples' sexuality served to define and conscript groups in service of Western knowledge production and moral concerns. The document then examines how these discourses informed understandings of prostitution. It argues post-modern theories emphasize the social construction of sexuality and potential for resistance to dominant discourses.
This document discusses the history and concepts of subaltern studies and post-colonial theory. It notes that subaltern studies originated from Marxism, post-structuralism, and post-colonial criticism to give voice to underrepresented groups. Key figures mentioned include Antonio Gramsci, who first coined the term "subaltern" to describe subordinate social groups, and Ranajit Guha and Gayatri Spivak, influential early leaders in the subaltern studies movement seeking to deconstruct elite histories and allow subaltern voices to be heard. While change has been gradual, the document argues that globalization has shifted perspectives on issues of class, caste, and identity, and subaltern groups are making increasing progress having their
This document summarizes key concepts from a seminar on whiteness and racialized otherness. It discusses racial fetishism originating from colonial times to refer to non-Western cultures and religions. It explores how fetishism involves projecting alienation and confining colonized groups to a biological existence. It also examines how race is a social construct that stereotypes create binary oppositions between an in-group and out-groups through othering. The document analyzes how power structures are maintained through perpetually reaffirming differences between self and threatening others.
"Commonwealth Literature Does Not Exist" in Imaginary Homelands"goswamigayatri
This document summarizes Salman Rushdie's essay "Commonwealth Literature Does Not Exist" which argues that the term "Commonwealth literature" implies a master-slave relationship between English literature and the literatures of former British colonies. Rushdie believes this categorization places colonial-era literatures in a "ghetto" below English literature. He discusses how the idea of Commonwealth literature is problematic as it is based on nationality and politics of language rather than the content or quality of the works. The document provides context on Rushdie's views and briefly outlines some prominent Commonwealth writers.
Feminist criticism examines literature from a feminist perspective by analyzing the portrayal and treatment of women. It has two premises: 1) how women are presented by male authors from a male point of view and 2) how women are presented by female authors from a female point of view. Feminist criticism aims to understand gender inequality and promote women's rights. There are three waves of feminism - first wave focused on women's suffrage, second wave on social inequality, and third wave on diversity and intersectionality. Major feminist theorists discussed include Beauvoir, Showalter, Irigaray, Cixous, and Haraway.
Manufacturing a Woman's Sentence: Virginia Woolf's écriture féminine mécaniqueCourtney King
This document discusses Virginia Woolf's writing style and how it relates to the concept of écriture féminine. Woolf's writing features an inherent preoccupation with modernization expressed through repetition, precision, and subtle reference to the machine. Her style demonstrates a syntactic mechanization and anxiety about the machine usurping the body, characterized as an écriture féminine mécanique. This style uses mechanical ruptures, simulates machinery in syntax, equates the female form with the machine, and shows visible anxiety over the rise of the machine.
This document summarizes Spencer Ruelos' anthropology capstone paper which examines theories of transnationalism within queer anthropology regarding the globalization of queer identities. It begins by contextualizing the terms "transnationalism" and "globalization" and then summarizes Dennis Altman's theory that Western gay and lesbian subcultures have spread globally through processes like consumerism and mass media. However, the document argues that Altman's theory fails to account for local contexts and reproduces problematic binaries. It discusses theories of "glocalization" and "hybridization" which argue that queer identities globally are negotiated hybrids of both local and global influences, not simply imports of Western identities.
This document provides an overview of Gayatri Spivak's concept of the subaltern and subaltern theory. It defines the subaltern as someone who is marginalized or oppressed and holds a low rank in a social hierarchy. It discusses how Spivak borrowed the term from Gramsci and applies it to oppressed classes. Specifically, it examines her essay "Can the Subaltern Speak?" where she argues the structure of colonial power prevents subalterns from speaking for themselves. The document also briefly mentions her other works analyzing feminism, Marxism, and postcolonial theory.
Feminist criticism analyzes literature through a feminist lens by examining how women are portrayed and the role of patriarchal social structures. It believes that Western civilization is rooted in patriarchal ideology that oppresses and marginalizes women. Feminist criticism aims to promote gender equality by challenging traditional views of women and expanding the literary canon to include more women authors. Common approaches include investigating gender roles and relationships, as well as how literature reinforces or contests social expectations of men and women.
This document summarizes the development of colonial discourse analysis as an academic field. It discusses key thinkers like Edward Said, Homi Bhabha, and Gayatri Spivak and their approaches. It notes that while colonial discourse analysis has produced new historical analyses, the field risks stagnating without further developing the theoretical frameworks established by its founders. The document suggests Martin Bernal's book "Black Athena" as holding potential to provide a new paradigm that could challenge and revitalize colonial discourse analysis.
This summary discusses Gayatri Spivak's influential essay "Can the Subaltern Speak?". Spivak examines the concept of the subaltern, which refers to marginalized groups that are excluded from mainstream political power and representation. She analyzes the practice of sati, or widow burning, in colonial India, and how it was used and interpreted differently by Indian nationalists and British colonists. Spivak ultimately concludes that the subaltern "cannot speak" because they are structurally excluded from systems of representation and power. The essay questions how the subaltern can have a voice and be heard given their silenced position within patriarchal societies and institutions.
Comparative literature involves the study of texts across cultures in an interdisciplinary way, examining connections between literatures across time and space. In the early 20th century, some argued comparative literature was not a true subject. However, it became a recognized academic discipline with scholars developing special skills in contextualizing works across languages and cultures. The field was influenced by theorists exploring ideas like Orientalism and the role of translation in cultural exchange and literary evolution.
Feminist literary criticism analyzes how women are portrayed in texts and how these representations are often insufficient and oppressive. There are several types of feminist criticism, including liberal, Marxist, psychoanalytic, and minority feminisms. Feminist critics seek to uncover patriarchal assumptions, question gender norms and power imbalances between men and women, expand representations of women, and recover works by female authors. They aim to understand how gender roles are socially constructed and how language can marginalize women.
This document provides an overview of postcolonial theorist Gayatri Spivak and her work on subaltern studies. It discusses that Spivak is an influential intellectual who argues that subaltern groups cannot speak for themselves due to the structures of colonial power that oppress them. The document also defines subaltern as those who are oppressed and subordinate due to class, gender, race and culture. It summarizes several of Spivak's key works and contributions to postcolonial and feminist theory.
Feminist criticism aims to advocate for equal rights and representation of women in society and literature. It examines how patriarchal systems have historically marginalized and misrepresented women. Early feminist critics in the 19th century like Wollstonecraft argued women deserve equal education and opportunities. In the 1960s-70s, feminist criticism emerged as a lens to analyze literature's portrayal of gender. Critics explore common archetypes used in works like the virgin, mother, and whore that reduce women. The field continues to diversify with no single approach, working to incorporate more female authors and perspectives.
Feminist criticism developed in response to longstanding assumptions in Western culture that women are inferior to men. This is traced back to biblical narratives and philosophers like Aristotle who argued women were imperfect versions of men. In the 19th century, thinkers like Wollstonecraft argued women must reject social constructs defined by men and establish their own identity. Theorists like de Beauvoir, Woolf, and Showalter expanded on this, saying that language and society shaped by men define women as the inferior "other." Showalter advocated analyzing women's literature independently using new frameworks like examining how the female body and language are portrayed. Different strains of feminism emerged focusing on repression, oppression, and language's role in socializing gender differences.
This document summarizes and critiques the concept of decolonization being used as a metaphor in Western academic contexts without proper acknowledgement or consideration of Indigenous peoples and struggles. It notes that decolonization is not simply a metaphor and discusses how the concept has been appropriated and domesticated in a way that is dangerous and limiting. It argues that decolonization must be grounded in recognition of Indigenous sovereignty and contributions from Indigenous intellectuals and activists to avoid being a premature attempt at reconciliation that contains settler anxiety.
Comparative literature amd translation studiesKishan55555
Tejaswini Niranjana examines how translation has historically functioned as a tool of colonial domination and the construction of colonial subjectivities. She argues that translation presented the colonial view of non-Western cultures and peoples as the transparent truth, erasing heterogeneity. Niranjana also discusses how post-structuralism's critique of concepts like representation, history, and the construction of difference can provide a framework to rethink translation's role and move towards practices that resist colonial frameworks. Her analysis suggests translation and histories are intertwined and both can be reinscribed through post-colonial and post-structuralist perspectives.
Feminist literary criticism examines how literature represents women and gender, and how patriarchal power structures influence literary works and their interpretation. It launched in the 20th century with works like Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's Own and Kate Millett's Sexual Politics. Key ideas include that patriarchy oppresses women economically, politically, socially and psychologically through ideology, and defines women in opposition to male norms. Feminist criticism aims to promote gender equality by raising awareness of these issues in literature and representation.
Nature Oriented Verse: An Ecopoetic Critical Review of Romantic Poetry
Sabrina Abdulkadhom Abdulridha Jelal,
Department of English, College of Education for Human Sciences, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Iraq
The concept of nature in literary works is not altogether a new phenomenon. It has been spotted in the earliest works of literature and has been a concept that poets approach, revealing how they perceive nature and what kind of relationship they might share. With every scientific discovery, however, an impact on the human mind may reframe the manner of perception. The twentieth century has witnessed a drastic increase in scientific studies that reveal the impact of humans on the natural environment, which in turn effected the way people think about the relationship between human societies and nature. With new perceptions of viewing nature, the way people narrate stories and write poetry has been changing as well. That is why the manner and aims of how nature has been approached and analyzed in poetry has drastically changed in today’s world. One of the most common eras that witnessed a wide use of nature is Romantic Age. This presentation shall analyze and evaluate Romantic poetry according to the most recent types of literary criticism; “ecocriticism” showing thereby if it is possible to categorize the poetic productions during this era under the means of “ecopoetry.”
Keywords: Ecopoetry, Nature, Ecocriticism, Romanticism, Global Warming
The Sixth International Conference on Languages, Linguistics, Translation and Literature
9-10 October 2021 , Ahwaz
For more information, please visit the conference website:
WWW.LLLD.IR
Contested Authority in 19th Century ScienceJohn Lynch
This document discusses the development of geology as a scientific discipline in the 19th century and the tensions that arose between geologists and religious literalists. It covers key developments in geology like the discovery of deep time and fossil evidence, and the emergence of scientists as a professional class. It also examines the debates between established geologists and "scriptural geologists" who tried to reconcile geological findings with literal biblical interpretations. Overall, the document analyzes how geology became established as a field while navigating religious objections to some of its naturalistic conclusions.
This document provides a summary of the historical development of theories related to the anthropology of sexuality and sex work. It discusses how Victorian era discourses constructed sexuality as a means to ensure social control and conformity. Early anthropological studies of "primitive" peoples' sexuality served to define and conscript groups in service of Western knowledge production and moral concerns. The document then examines how these discourses informed understandings of prostitution. It argues post-modern theories emphasize the social construction of sexuality and potential for resistance to dominant discourses.
This document discusses the history and concepts of subaltern studies and post-colonial theory. It notes that subaltern studies originated from Marxism, post-structuralism, and post-colonial criticism to give voice to underrepresented groups. Key figures mentioned include Antonio Gramsci, who first coined the term "subaltern" to describe subordinate social groups, and Ranajit Guha and Gayatri Spivak, influential early leaders in the subaltern studies movement seeking to deconstruct elite histories and allow subaltern voices to be heard. While change has been gradual, the document argues that globalization has shifted perspectives on issues of class, caste, and identity, and subaltern groups are making increasing progress having their
This document summarizes key concepts from a seminar on whiteness and racialized otherness. It discusses racial fetishism originating from colonial times to refer to non-Western cultures and religions. It explores how fetishism involves projecting alienation and confining colonized groups to a biological existence. It also examines how race is a social construct that stereotypes create binary oppositions between an in-group and out-groups through othering. The document analyzes how power structures are maintained through perpetually reaffirming differences between self and threatening others.
"Commonwealth Literature Does Not Exist" in Imaginary Homelands"goswamigayatri
This document summarizes Salman Rushdie's essay "Commonwealth Literature Does Not Exist" which argues that the term "Commonwealth literature" implies a master-slave relationship between English literature and the literatures of former British colonies. Rushdie believes this categorization places colonial-era literatures in a "ghetto" below English literature. He discusses how the idea of Commonwealth literature is problematic as it is based on nationality and politics of language rather than the content or quality of the works. The document provides context on Rushdie's views and briefly outlines some prominent Commonwealth writers.
Feminist criticism examines literature from a feminist perspective by analyzing the portrayal and treatment of women. It has two premises: 1) how women are presented by male authors from a male point of view and 2) how women are presented by female authors from a female point of view. Feminist criticism aims to understand gender inequality and promote women's rights. There are three waves of feminism - first wave focused on women's suffrage, second wave on social inequality, and third wave on diversity and intersectionality. Major feminist theorists discussed include Beauvoir, Showalter, Irigaray, Cixous, and Haraway.
Manufacturing a Woman's Sentence: Virginia Woolf's écriture féminine mécaniqueCourtney King
This document discusses Virginia Woolf's writing style and how it relates to the concept of écriture féminine. Woolf's writing features an inherent preoccupation with modernization expressed through repetition, precision, and subtle reference to the machine. Her style demonstrates a syntactic mechanization and anxiety about the machine usurping the body, characterized as an écriture féminine mécanique. This style uses mechanical ruptures, simulates machinery in syntax, equates the female form with the machine, and shows visible anxiety over the rise of the machine.
Ecriture feminine in possession by A.S. ByattBianca Adle
A power point presentation about Ecriture Feminine in the writing style of A.S. Byatt's Possession and an analysis of the two subplots plresented in the novel.
The document discusses the history and key concepts of feminism from the 19th century to present day. It covers the three waves of feminism, fighting for women's political, social, and economic rights. It also examines ongoing debates around representations of women in media and their impact, including the objectification of women's bodies and the pressure to conform to narrow beauty ideals. Critics argue this influences women's self-image and reinforces gender inequality, while others believe audiences are more active and resistant to media effects.
Guest Lecture, Introduction to Feminist PhilosophiesDaniel Zepp
Guest Lecture, November 18th, 2011, History of American Men and Survey of Men & Masculinities Research. Introduction to Feminist Philosophies (PL526), Taught by Dr. Marina McCoy, Boston College, Philosophy Department
The document discusses various gender stereotypes that are portrayed in media. It provides examples of common female stereotypes such as housewives, gold diggers, and dumb blondes. It also lists stereotypes for male characters such as jocks, layabouts, and businessmen. For each stereotype, it describes common personality traits, appearances, and settings associated with that stereotype portrayal. The document also briefly discusses the history of gender stereotypes and how roles have changed over time, such as women gaining the right to vote and work outside the home.
The advertisement portrays gender stereotypes. The "Nerds" are shown as boys who study bugs indoors wearing glasses, sweaters, and bowties. They are portrayed as easily frightened. The "Cool Boys" are shown as boys having fun outdoors catching and squishing bugs while scaring girls. They are portrayed as excited and wearing t-shirts and jeans without glasses. These stereotypes benefit advertisers by creating an image of what is "cool" to sell more toys, but can harm how children see themselves if they don't fit the stereotypes.
This documentary would examine the history of feminism and how views of it have changed over time, including how some see certain modern feminists as "anti-male." It would aim to explore the controversy surrounding modern feminism through interviews with feminists and internet users. Research found that people who use the internet more, mainly young adult males, tend to have a more negative view of modern feminism. The documentary would target young adult audiences aged 18-25 who are active online users.
This document discusses gender stereotypes in the movie Toy Story 3. It begins by defining gender and gender stereotyping, noting that stereotypes can negatively impact children's development. The document then explains that Toy Story 3 will be analyzed for gender stereotypes because it features common child-friendly characters like Barbie and Ken. Finally, it lists some examples of negative stereotypes in the movie, such as the mother being depicted as nagging, Barbie as overemotional, and Ken as a closeted gay fashionista.
This document summarizes the history and goals of feminism. It discusses how feminism aimed to achieve political and personal rights for women in the 19th-20th centuries, and expanded to focus on education and work in the 1960s. Modern feminism, represented by figures like Emma Watson, seeks to fight issues of race, ethnicity and class in addition to gender rights. The document also examines the role of women in Islam, arguing that Islam itself does not need feminism but that Muslims could benefit from addressing issues like domestic violence.
The document outlines common positive and negative gender stereotypes. Positively, males are seen as strong family providers and heroes, while females are viewed as nurturing mothers. Negatively, males are considered violent and detached, and females are stereotyped as manipulative with low self-esteem. The document examines stereotypes that are often associated with each gender.
This document outlines the key principles of feminist therapy. It discusses how feminist therapy views psychological distress as resulting from societal oppression rather than internal dysfunction. The core beliefs of feminist therapy include acknowledging how women are impacted by their social and cultural contexts and focusing on external factors like power imbalances and oppression over internal factors. Case studies are used to demonstrate how feminist therapy would empower clients by addressing societal and cultural influences on their experiences and difficulties.
Feminism explores themes of patriarchy, stereotyping, objectification, and oppression. It is a diverse collection of theories and movements that are critical of gender inequality and aim to promote women's rights and gender equality. Feminism addresses issues such as gender roles, power relations, reproductive rights, and discrimination.
This document discusses different types of feminist literary criticism and feminist theories. It begins by defining feminist literary criticism as being concerned with women's roles as portrayed in texts and how women are constructed through literature. It then outlines three main feminist theories: liberal/moderate feminism focuses on cultural and psychological factors leading to women's oppression; radical feminism argues that male supremacy and the patriarchal family are the root causes; and socialist/Marxist feminism sees women's subordination as stemming from economic factors within capitalism. Examples of key thinkers from each theory are provided.
This document introduces feminism as a theoretical framework that analyzes texts and social issues from the perspective of those who are oppressed, with a focus on power relationships and social justice. It discusses that feminism considers issues of gender as well as race, class, ability, sexuality and other identity factors. The document specifically focuses on multiracial feminism and the experiences of women of color. It defines patriarchy as a system that privileges men over women through the participation of both men and women. Finally, it states that this course will use works by women of color to explore issues of power relationships, oppression of women, and women's resistance through a feminist lens.
This document provides an overview of gender history and discusses femininity, feminism, and masculinity in late 19th/early 20th century France. Some key points:
- Gender identities are fluid and change over time, influenced by social/historical contexts rather than biology alone.
- Early French feminists advocated for women's rights in a gradual manner, seeking small legal changes, while some like Auclert demanded full political equality.
- Masculinity was influenced by French defeat in 1870, with men feeling a need to prove virility and honor. Feminism challenged traditional gender roles and male dominance.
- By 1914 feminist achievements included new rights for married women but not yet the vote.
Discuss the Feminism in India in reference to Character of "Nuleeni".JaytiThakar94
This document provides information about a presentation on the character Nuleeni from the poem "The Fakeer of Jungheera" by Henry Louis Vivian Derozio. It includes an introduction to the poem and author, as well as a character sketch of Nuleeni describing her as a recently widowed woman who is forced to become a sati. The character sketch analyzes how the Fakeer views Nuleeni and compares her to a bride, and discusses how her hope defeats her fear and she has a tragic but satisfactory end with her lover the Fakeer.
Feminist criticism broadly examines how literature reinforces or undermines the oppression of women. It acknowledges that feminism includes diverse views and approaches. Key concerns of feminist criticism include the use of masculine pronouns that exclude women, a lack of female authors in literary canons, and how medicine and laws have historically neglected the experiences of women. Feminism argues that women's social position of inferiority has been a social construction used to keep women powerless, rather than a result of biological differences between men and women.
This document provides an overview of New Historicism and Cultural Materialism critical theories. It defines New Historicism as examining literature within its historical context through parallel readings of literary and non-literary texts from the same time period. Cultural Materialism studies the implications of literary texts in history and takes a materialist approach, seeing culture as the object of study rather than just literature. The document outlines the key influences, characteristics, differences and examples of applying these theories to texts like Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream and Othello.
This document provides an overview of a class discussion on feminist literary theory and criticism. It discusses the key focuses of feminist criticism, including examining how literature reinforces or undermines the oppression of women. It also summarizes different waves of feminism and provides context on the poet Andrew Marvell and his poem "To His Coy Mistress", which the class will analyze using a feminist lens.
This document outlines the agenda and materials for an ELIT 48C class session on feminist criticism. The session will include a lecture on feminist criticism and a discussion of student questions related to feminist criticism and The Great Gatsby. Feminist criticism examines how literature reinforces or undermines the oppression of women. It looks at how aspects of culture are inherently patriarchal and exposes misogyny. The objectives of feminist criticism are discussed. An overview of first, second, and third wave feminism is provided. Students will then discuss feminist criticism and their questions in groups. Questions posed by students related to feminist criticism and The Great Gatsby are listed. The homework assignment is to read about African American criticism and post questions
1. Feminist literary criticism examines representations of women in texts and challenges traditional gender roles and stereotypes.
2. Early feminist critics analyzed how women authors faced barriers and how female characters were portrayed in limited, stereotypical ways.
3. More recent criticism looks at the intersection of gender with other identities like race and sexuality, and how cultural factors shape concepts of masculinity and femininity.
Nat Turner was a slave who led a rebellion in 1831. By the early 19th century, the number of slaves in the US had grown substantially to over 4 million due to the cotton boom. Slave communities developed and African traditions continued within the constraints of slavery, such as religious practices blending African and Christian elements. However, slave life was difficult, with forced migration separating families and harsh working conditions that caused slaves to age rapidly.
This document provides a history of rhetoric surrounding female reproductive rights in Western cultures. It discusses how 19th century "doctresses" discreetly advertised abortion and contraception services to address their audiences. It also summarizes the rhetoric of Margaret Sanger and other early 20th century advocates who both addressed and invoked audiences to disrupt the "century of silence" on these issues. Finally, it suggests how the designed spaces of modern Planned Parenthood clinics both address and construct their audiences while responding to the larger rhetorical situation.
This document provides a history of rhetoric surrounding female reproductive rights in Western cultures. It discusses how 19th century "doctresses" discreetly advertised abortifacient drugs and services to unmarried women. It also summarizes the work of Margaret Sanger and other early 20th century advocates who addressed hostile audiences to advocate for birth control and safe abortion. The document analyzes how modern Planned Parenthood clinics address audiences through design with muted colors, private entrances, and discreet locations that historically reinforced the shame and secrecy around reproductive issues.
This document provides an annotated bibliography for Spencer Ruelos' interests in queer, digital, and social justice anthropological theories. The bibliography is divided into three sections: Queer Anthropology, Digital and Virtual Anthropologies, and Social Justice and Transformation. The Queer Anthropology section lists influential works that have shaped Ruelos' understanding of power relations and complex subjectivities related to gender and sexuality across cultures. The Digital and Virtual Anthropologies section explores how digital technologies have deepened human relationships and connections both locally and globally. The final section on Social Justice and Transformation outlines how Ruelos' work in critical race, gender, and sexuality studies informs their activist and anthropological interests in understanding systems of
The document provides an agenda and information about a class on literary theory and feminist criticism. It discusses intrinsic and extrinsic theories, with intrinsic theories focusing on the text itself and extrinsic theories examining external factors like the author's context. Feminist criticism is introduced as concerned with exposing patriarchal influences and misogyny. It aims to develop a female literary tradition and increase awareness of gender in language and style. The document outlines the three waves of feminism and provides context on theorists like Mary Wollstonecraft and Alice Walker. It also presents assumptions of New Criticism versus feminist criticism and potential questions feminist critics may ask of literary texts.
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This document provides an agenda and background information for an EWRT 1C class discussing literary theory, specifically feminist criticism. It begins with an overview of intrinsic and extrinsic literary theories, defining intrinsic as focusing on a work's essence in isolation and extrinsic as relating a work to its external context. It then discusses feminist criticism, which examines how literature reinforces or undermines the patriarchal oppression of women. It provides context on the waves of feminism and objectives of feminist criticism, including developing a female literary tradition.
1. The document discusses the history of argumentation and reasoning in Western culture and education. It argues that while dialectical practices developed in ancient Greece, dialogic practices have diminished over time but are seeing a resurgence.
2. Modern philosophers like Habermas and Buber have advocated for blending dialogic and dialectic approaches to change thinking and society constructively.
3. Recent educational programs and technologies are also incorporating more dialogic and collaborative elements aimed at mutual understanding.
The document discusses the topics of an English writing class, including questions about an essay assignment, an overview of intrinsic and extrinsic literary theories, and an in-depth exploration of feminist criticism and theory. It provides details on the key assumptions and goals of feminist criticism, how it analyzes the portrayal and roles of women in literature, and how it has evolved through the three waves of feminism.
This document provides an annotated bibliography for Spencer Ruelos' theoretical and research interests, which center around queer, digital, and social justice anthropological theories. The bibliography is divided into three sections: Queer Anthropology, Digital and Virtual Anthropologies, and Social Justice and Transformation. The Queer Anthropology section lists 10 influential works that have shaped Ruelos' understanding of concepts like gender, sexuality, and power relations. The Digital and Virtual Anthropologies section explores Ruelos' interest in technology's role in daily life and relationships. The final section on Social Justice and Transformation outlines Ruelos' activist interests in social movements and using anthropology for social change.
This document provides a summary and analysis of the anthology The (M)other Tongue: Essays in Feminist Psychoanalytic Interpretation. It discusses how psychoanalytic feminist criticism has grown in prominence and brought together unlikely pairs such as feminism and psychoanalysis as well as post-structuralism and American feminist social science. It analyzes how the anthology focuses on the figure of the mother and progresses from discussing father-based Oedipal structures to mother-based pre-Oedipal models. However, it also notes how the conclusion of the anthology's introduction glosses over differences between feminist critical approaches in favor of an inclusive joining, reflecting a tendency for the mother figure to discourage differentiation.
This document provides an agenda and overview of material for a literature theory class. It includes:
- An introduction to literary theory, explaining that it provides lenses to analyze and interpret literature.
- An overview of several major theoretical approaches like formalism, Marxism, structuralism, new historicism, ethnic studies, gender studies, and psychoanalytic criticism.
- Sample discussion questions for different theories like new criticism, deconstruction, and feminist criticism. These questions focus on analyzing texts through the lens of each theory's key concepts.
The document aims to introduce students to the field of literary theory and some of its major schools of thought by outlining the class topics, providing theoretical context, and giving examples of
Human Sexuality Essay. Gender and sexuality essay topics. Gender and Sexuali...Sara Roberts
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This document discusses the relationship between education, philosophy and politics. It notes that these three areas have historically been intertwined in defining Western cultural institutions and practices. Education has often taken the form of political philosophy aimed at developing good democratic citizens through participation in public life. The document then examines different philosophical approaches to understanding this relationship, including Foucault's archaeology and genealogy, as well as Nietzsche's views on the use and abuse of history. It also discusses Wittgenstein's and Heidegger's historicization of philosophy.
This document provides an overview of a university class session on theoretical approaches to cultural geography and the environment. It discusses feminism and how it has influenced cultural geography. It covers the three waves of feminism and introduces post-colonial feminism. It also discusses a TED talk by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie on feminism. It then covers the cultural turn in geography and introduces concepts like structuralism, post-structuralism, postmodernism, and the mode of representation. It discusses different theoretical approaches that have been influential in cultural geography like Marxism. Finally, it provides instructions for an ethics exercise on zoos and animal interpretive centers.
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3. The issues which first and second wave feminism
dealt with are still current - differently nuanced
Teaching without any recognition of values
inherent in the context, texts, discussions is
dishonest and dull
Troublesome knowledge and transformative
learning are critical for learning – students, staff
and researchers
Theory empowers and helps articulation - you
have a right to speak and the intellectual
engagement afforded by theory clarifies enriches
and enables more complex thinking, nuanced
arguments, tolerance and engagement(William
Perry stage 9 thinking)
3
4. …storytellers
are a threat. They threaten all
champions of control, they frighten the
usurpers of the right-to-freedom of the
human spirit -in state, in church or mosque,
in party congress, in the university or
wherever.(Chinua Achebe, 1987 )
Read it in the spirit of breaking the rules
(Nalo Hopkinson, 2000)
4
5. Going
back to Wollstonecraft and Woolf
-if we refuse to ‗think back through our mothers‘
we shall create ghosts of our own.(Avril Horner
and Sue Zlosnik on Woolf‘s A room of one’s own)
Woolf identified
Economics, space, rights
The male valorised forms of expression and topics –
the novel was pliable in women's hands
Establishing
a history , ongoing discussions- gives
our work depth
5
6. Second
wave –re reading re writing new writing
Focus on the body, domestic, differences in
language, power imbalances
―Notes from the Front Line‖ (1983): ‗I am all for
putting new wine in old bottles, especially if the
pressure of the new wine makes the old bottles
explode.‘ (69) Angela Carter
6
7.
I believe that all myths are products of the human mind
and reflect only aspects of material human practice.
I‘m in the demythologising business …. How that social
fiction of my ‗femininity‘ was created by means outside
my control, and palmed off on me as the real thing ….
This investigation of the social fictions that regulate our
lives – what Blake called the ‗mind-forged manacles‘ – is
what I‘ve concerned myself with consciously since that
time.
I'm in the demythologising business
‗Notes from the Front Line‘ in, On Gender and
Writing, 1984 pp70, 71.
7
9.
The campaign for women's liberation never went away, but this year a
new swell built up and broke through. Since the early summer, I've been
talking to feminist activists and writers for a short book, All The Rebel
Women, and as I tried to keep up with the protests, marches and talks,
my diary became a mess of clashing dates. The rush was such that in a
single weekend in October, you could have attended a feminist freshers'
fair in London, the North East Feminist Gathering in Newcastle, a Reclaim
the Night march in Edinburgh, or a discussion between different
generations of feminist activists at the British Library (this sold out in 48
hours, was moved to a room four times bigger, and sold out again).
You could have joined one of the country's 149 local grassroots groups, or
shared your experience of misogyny on the site Laura Bates, 27, started
in April 2012. Her Everyday Sexism Project has proved so successful that
it was rolled out to 17 countries on its first anniversary this year, tens of
thousands of women worldwide writing about the street harassment,
sexual harassment, workplace discrimination and body-shaming they
encounter. The project embodies that feminist phrase "the personal is
political", a consciousness-raising exercise that encourages women to see
how inequality affects them, proves these problems aren't individual but
collective, and might therefore have political solutions. This year, 6,000
stories that have been sent to the project about harassment or assault on
public transport – the majority never reported to authorities – were used
to train 2,000 police officers in London, and create a public awareness
campaign
Kira Cochrane
The Guardian, Tuesday 10 December 2013
9
11. 5
Minutes Of What The Media Actually Does
To Women
upworthy.com
"I don't look like that, and I don't desire to
look like that." —Kate Winslet
11
12. How
would you engage students with still
topical issues?
And make them more topical ?
How would you do this through literature and
the media?
12
13.
Theory/Politics/Texts
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Theory Reading for Week One
Attached Files: handout [1].docx (22.788 KB)
Attached some Woolf extracts for you to read prior to lecture - will take about 30 minutes - really
helpful to understand Deborah's lecture
K
Useful article on Ecriture Feminine
Attached
Theory/Politics/Texts
Attached Files: THEORY-POLITICS-TEXTS 2012.pptx (106.218 KB)
Kate's summary of different feminist political movements and different feminist literary theory
approaches
Useful Critical Essays on Ecriture Feminine
Purkiss, Carter, Ann Rosalind Jones
Michelle Roberts "Middle-Class Hero" on i-player
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p00wx9q0
13
14. WEEK ONE
THEORY/POLITICS/TEXTS
(Lecture and online ppt s by Kate Aughterson, uni
Brighton with additions by Gina Wisker uni
Brighton )
Feminism: “a doctrine or
movement that advocates
equal rights for women‖
(Collins English Dictionary)
14
15. An
analysis of female exclusion
from dominant power and
political institutions (which are
masculine);
the political attempt to redress
the balance of that exclusion
by striving to provide equality
in the political, the economic
and social spheres, for women
and men.
15
16. begins with an analysis of women's essential, biological, differences
from men;
Celebrates difference as one with own culture and history, castigates
masculine culture as authoritarian, hierarchical and closed.
seeks to introduce the "feminine" (qualities of
nurturing/openness/fluidity/ negotiation etc) to the dominant
masculine culture.
Includes Marxist feminism:
biological difference used to justify economic subordination (family
into economic system)
creating an ideology of masculinity and femininity ascribing certain
roles for men and women which are supposedly natural.
political change: either the link between biology and domestic labour
has to be broken: OR, domestic labour has to be accorded its real
value in society.
The personal is political
16
17. both
masculinity and femininity are
social, linguistic and economic constructions
as such, the constructions can be utilised by
both men and women as fluid identities to
assert differing and changing power
relationships.
.
17
18.
Texts can perpetuate and construct women's subordinate
position in society (ideology, interpellation) AND,
Texts can also be potential places for liberating rebellion, for
both writers and readers
Texts offer examples, vehicles using language and the
imagination, opportunity to engage theory –and a space to
discuss
Why is feminism important in literary studies?
Giving women an equal say as critics and constructors of a canon
= basic freedom of speech
Showalter: "studying a different culture‖
Different choices and perspectives
18
19.
Avoid polemic
Offer challenges
Respect differences
Expect historical about turns (feminism was a turn off for
years)
Engage with and provoke arguments
Work through troubled transformative texts and question
promotes-if the aim is to engage with an own critical thinking
–which feminist theory and criticism intends - we need to do
this ourselves through our teaching and learning practice .
Context culture perspective differences
Reinvigorate the reasons for engaging with feminist criticism,
theories, approaches, infused topics- gender and power
imbalances, women's bodies under patriarchal control (Indian
rape, Saudi Arabian codes of behaviour, glass ceilings)
19
20. What
has worked for you as a student or
teacher in the past? To engage with ideas,
arguments, and particularly feminism in
practice through texts?
20
21. I work through
introducing ideas and issues, access to
discussed theory and important critical texts
(theorising aids articulation not just anger
and silence)
Promotes, discussions , questions explored
through texts - often in extract
21
22. How
does this poem and these extracts and
examples engage us with
The body, women's language, gender and
power, culture and context in relation to
gender
22
23. Why bluebeard? Male wealth power rights ownership
Women's bodies and persons only to be controlled and
dominated , murder legitimated
The enclosed room of oppression
Violence, loss of history, silence, cultural inflected
readings
Sexuality, energy, mother rescues (Carter) sisterhood
might not be supportive (postfeminists Hopkinson)
23
25. And,
ah! his castle. The faery solitude of the
place; with its turrets of misty blue, its
courtyard, its spiked gate, his castle that lay
on the very bosom of the sea with seabirds
mewing about its attics, the casements
opening on to the green and purple,
evanescent departures of the ocean (13).
Rapt, he intoned: ―Of her apparel she
retains/Only her sonorous jewellery.‖ A
dozen husbands impaled a dozen brides while
the mewing gulls swung on invisible trapezes
in the empty air outside.‘ (17)
25
26. ‗what
do you think of Audre Lorde‘s comment
that massa‘s tools will never dismantle massa‘s
house?‘
‗in my hands massa‘s tools don‘t dismantle
massa‘s house-and in fact i don‘t want to
destroy it so much as I want to undertake
massive renovations-then build me a house of
my own‘(Hopkinson/Mehan 2004 p 7)
26
27. ‗Eggs are seeds, perfectly white on the outside. Who
knows what complexions their insides might reveal when
they crack open to germinate and bear fruit?‘ (Hopkinson
‗the Glass bottle trick‘ 2000)
A re write of the Bluebeard tale, spliced with Fitcher‘s
bird, mixed in with Caribbean myth and post
feminism‘s doubts about sisterhood.
27
28.
‗The duppy wives held their bellies and glared
at her, anger flaring hot behind their eyes.
Beatrice backed away from the beds. ―I didn‘t
know‖ she said to the wives, ‖don‘t vex with
me. I didn‘t know what it is Samuel do to
you‖(100), the mixed Caribbean creolised
English and received pronunciation mirrors the
newly remixed culturally inflected tales, with
her own tale. Whether she can preserve her own
egg like the song ‗Eggie Law, what a pretty
basket‘ (101), her father used to sing to her
while hurling her in the air, is to be seen.
28
29. Gothic hybridity- language, myths, culture through the
Bluebeard tale
1) Traditionally disempowerment through the
overwhelming male power, the silencing of women ,
endangerment is disobedience - male rescue(brother)
- a tale to teach women to obey
2) Angela Carter‘s re write as a new assertion of
female refusal of that power, sexual awakening and
further romance of equals
3) Hopkinson‘s re write with Caribbean and post
feminist inflections- snake swallowing an egg,
duppies in glass bottles, internalised self loathing
due to racism, dubious sisterhood.
29
30. What
decisions can you make about texts to
teach ?
Why those ones? What will they enable to be
discussed and dealt with
How are you going to introduce theory
through the texts/before/after/in addition
to?
And why?
What challenges might you meet? What can
you do to deal with them?
30