The document compares the roles of teachers and students in the past versus the 21st century. It notes that teachers' roles have shifted from disseminating information through lectures to allowing students to solve problems and construct their own understanding. Students' roles have also changed from being passive receivers of knowledge to active creators and collaborative constructors of knowledge, aided by new technologies. The document emphasizes that both teachers and students must adapt to meet the changing needs of 21st century education.

2. At the end of this chapter, you are
expected to:
• Differentiate the roles of teachers and
students in the earlier years and in the
21st century of instruction.

4. Teaching and learning is a journey in
education that we treasure most. It is not only
the ‘matter’ or the ‘what to teach’ that is
important, but the ‘manner of delivery’ or
‘how to teach’ plays a very important role in
today’s teaching and learning environment.
Also, it is not only the ‘matter’ or the ‘what
was learned’ that is significant, but the
‘quality or the authenticity of learning’
where students become life-ready.

5. Teachers of Yesteryears Teachers of the 21st Century
• Disseminate information
through lectures
 Allow students to solve real-
world problems
• Require students to
memorize contents from
textbooks
 Allow students to construct
their own understanding of
the subject matter.
• Make use of textbooks and
workbooks as their reference
 Make use of manipulative
materials; makes use of
multitude of prints and
electronic sources.
• Give assessments through
written examinations
 Give performance-based
assessments (Performance
tasks)

6. Teachers of Yesteryears Teachers of the 21st Century
• Focus on their responsibility
and relationship with the
students as recipients of
knowledge
 Widen their responsibility and
their relationship with
colleagues, community, and
other stakeholders in
acquiring clear and
obtainable standards for the
knowledge, skills, and values
that students are expected to
acquire
• Followers of policies
prescribed by the school
 Participate in the decision-
making in schools.

7. Teachers of Yesteryears Teachers of the 21st Century
• Use lecture as teaching
method
 Use variety of teaching
methods appropriate in the
students' learning
• Deliver the same lessons
every year
 Spend time in researching to
update his/her knowledge of
the subject matter
• Too focused on self-
achievement
 Mentor new teachers
• Target to finish the lesson
within the period
 Target the learners to be
ready in the challenges of
today’s learning

8. Teachers of Yesteryears Teachers of the 21st Century
• Autocratic in which teachers
are in control of everything in
all events of the classroom
 Use variety of teaching
methods appropriate in the
students' learning
• Deliver the same lessons
every year
 Democratic in which teachers
allow students to take
responsibility in their learning
 Foster learner autonomy
where students also learn to
take responsibility in their
learning

9. Teachers of
Yesteryears
Teachers of the 21st
Century
• Holder of knowledge /
Gatekeeper of
information
Facilitator of learning
• Technology illiterate Technology or digital
literate

10. Teachers serve as channels in
connecting the curriculum,
software, hardware and dynamics
of teaching in their instruction.

11. This does not only refer to having a good
language in communicating knowledge to the
students, but being a teacher who can
communicate with their students anytime and
anywhere with the use of the tools and
technologies.

12. Teachers never cease in
learning new knowledge.

13. Teachers are futurists not only on what they
want their students to achieve at the end of the
lesson, but on how they will deliver the lesson
with the use of the emerging tools and other web
technologies that will help the learners understand
the lessons better.

14. Teachers ate leaders in their own
way by leading their students to the
proper and appropriate use of
learning materials including
technologies.

15. Teachers are models when it comes to behavior,
language, dealings with colleagues and students, use of
facilities, and others. They are likewise models not only
in what they teach but according to what they practice,
even with the use of technologies – social media
networks and blogs by avoiding the use and misuse of
technologies in education.

16. Collaborators not only inside the
classroom, but also in space. Teachers
therefore, must pull up their collaborative
tools to be able to continue to share and
contribute their knowledge to the learners.

17. Teachers are venture players in
taking chances to apply new knowledge,
skills, practices and technologies
especially if these will level up student’s
understanding and learning.

32. In as much as the roles of the
teachers change to meet the needs of the
students in today’s education, the
students’ roles likewise need to change to
become more competent, knowledgeable
in theories and in practice, and competitive
in the call of the community and the world.

33. Students of Yesteryears Students of the 21st Century
• Receiver of facts and
information
 Active creators of
knowledge
• Learning is based on
repetition
 Interactive knowledge
constructor
• Textbook users  Internet users to access
a vast of information
• Passive recipients of
information
 Actively engaged in
class activities
• Competitive learners  Collaborative learners

34. Students of Yesteryears Students of the 21st Century
• Factual learners  Reflective, critical and
creative thinkers
• Unilateral thinkers  Divergent thinkers
• Inactive process of
learning
 Dynamic processes of
learning
• Dependent learners  Self-managing learners
• Single taskers  Multitaskers
• Single sensory input
provider
Multi sensory input
provider

35. Students of Yesteryears Students of the 21st Century
• Factual learners  Reflective, critical and
creative thinkers
• Unilateral thinkers  Divergent thinkers
• Inactive process of
learning
 Dynamic processes of
learning
• Dependent learners  Self-managing learners
• Single taskers  multitaskers

36. With the existence of technology, there is much that is
expected from the students. They have to get away with
being passive learners. They have to:
1. Learn to generate their own ideas and construct their
own understanding of the lesson;
2. Create works that are original;
3. Communicate clearly with other students and with their
teachers;
4. Collaborate with one another to achieve higher standard
of learning; and
5. Innovate learning and their outputs.