The document contains 4 tasks completed by 3 students regarding translation techniques.
Task 1 involves translating 2 paragraphs about the history of perfume use from English to Spanish. Task 2 is a reflection on the translation process.
Task 3 contains a chart explaining the differences between translation methods, strategies, and techniques. Methods relate to overall text approaches, strategies are plans to solve problems, and techniques affect specific results.
Task 4 provides feedback on the translations and reflections from another student, noting good explanations but recommending specifying techniques used.
The document contains translations of paragraphs from a text about the history of perfumes. It also includes reflections on the translation process and a chart explaining the differences between translation methods, strategies, and techniques.
For the first paragraph translation, the student translated the text into Spanish while maintaining the overall meaning and key details. In their reflection, they discussed challenges with unknown words and applying techniques like modulation.
The second student's translation maintained coherence while simplifying some phrases. Their reflection noted difficulties understanding some terms due to lack of context.
The chart provided examples to clearly define methods as overall approaches, strategies as processes to improve skills, and techniques as specific translation tools that can affect meaning. Feedback praised the work and suggested specifying
This document contains a group assignment on translation techniques from Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia. It includes four paragraphs translated from Spanish to English by different group members. Each member then comments on the translation technique they used for their paragraph. Cesar focused on communicative and literal translation. Jonathan used a literal translation method. Laura encountered difficulties translating some words and used context clues. Esperanza discussed her process of a quick read, literal translation, looking up unknown words, and making the text coherent. The group analyzed concepts of strategy, method, and technique for translation.
The document discusses the history of perfume use, noting that initially perfume was associated with health and used to purify air during plagues, and later became a luxury good in France under Louis XIV where perfumers were primarily glove makers due to the materials used in tanning leather. One of the significant changes in the 19th century was the rise of branding, pioneered by Rimmel who took advantage of railroads to build his brand and transmit prestige through labels on perfume bottles.
The document contains a translation task from English to Spanish. It includes the translation of two paragraphs about the history of perfume.
The first paragraph discusses how perfume was originally associated with healing through aromatic waters. It then describes how perfume became used as a cleaning agent during the Black Death.
The second paragraph provides more details on the origins and development of the perfume industry in Europe. It explains how perfume making was centered in Venice due to its trade and glass making. The paragraph also discusses the growth of the perfume industry in France under King Louis XIV.
Paragraph 3 discusses the flourishing perfume trade during the reign of Louis XV in France. Perfume makers received royal patronage and used a different perfume each week. Perfume makers also diversified into other cosmetics. In the 18th century, a more modern perfume industry emerged in Britain and France, though the French revolution initially disrupted the trade.
The document discusses translation techniques used to translate two paragraphs about the history of perfume making from English to Spanish. For the first paragraph, the translator found some unfamiliar words and expressions that required looking up definitions and examples to understand the context. Translating sentences literally first and then rearranging for grammatical order helped convey the intended meaning. The second paragraph contained some historical terms that were researched for definitions. The document also includes a chart comparing translation methods, strategies, and techniques with definitions and examples.
The document contains translations of paragraphs from a text about the history of perfumes. It also includes reflections on the translation process and a chart explaining the differences between translation methods, strategies, and techniques.
For the first paragraph translation, the student translated the text into Spanish while maintaining the overall meaning and key details. In their reflection, they discussed challenges with unknown words and applying techniques like modulation.
The second student's translation maintained coherence while simplifying some phrases. Their reflection noted difficulties understanding some terms due to lack of context.
The chart provided examples to clearly define methods as overall approaches, strategies as processes to improve skills, and techniques as specific translation tools that can affect meaning. Feedback praised the work and suggested specifying
This document contains a group assignment on translation techniques from Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia. It includes four paragraphs translated from Spanish to English by different group members. Each member then comments on the translation technique they used for their paragraph. Cesar focused on communicative and literal translation. Jonathan used a literal translation method. Laura encountered difficulties translating some words and used context clues. Esperanza discussed her process of a quick read, literal translation, looking up unknown words, and making the text coherent. The group analyzed concepts of strategy, method, and technique for translation.
The document discusses the history of perfume use, noting that initially perfume was associated with health and used to purify air during plagues, and later became a luxury good in France under Louis XIV where perfumers were primarily glove makers due to the materials used in tanning leather. One of the significant changes in the 19th century was the rise of branding, pioneered by Rimmel who took advantage of railroads to build his brand and transmit prestige through labels on perfume bottles.
The document contains a translation task from English to Spanish. It includes the translation of two paragraphs about the history of perfume.
The first paragraph discusses how perfume was originally associated with healing through aromatic waters. It then describes how perfume became used as a cleaning agent during the Black Death.
The second paragraph provides more details on the origins and development of the perfume industry in Europe. It explains how perfume making was centered in Venice due to its trade and glass making. The paragraph also discusses the growth of the perfume industry in France under King Louis XIV.
Paragraph 3 discusses the flourishing perfume trade during the reign of Louis XV in France. Perfume makers received royal patronage and used a different perfume each week. Perfume makers also diversified into other cosmetics. In the 18th century, a more modern perfume industry emerged in Britain and France, though the French revolution initially disrupted the trade.
The document discusses translation techniques used to translate two paragraphs about the history of perfume making from English to Spanish. For the first paragraph, the translator found some unfamiliar words and expressions that required looking up definitions and examples to understand the context. Translating sentences literally first and then rearranging for grammatical order helped convey the intended meaning. The second paragraph contained some historical terms that were researched for definitions. The document also includes a chart comparing translation methods, strategies, and techniques with definitions and examples.
The document discusses various translation techniques. It describes how the perfumery industry flourished in France during the 18th century under King Louis XV. However, the revolution initially disrupted the perfume trade due to its association with aristocracy. Later, as markets expanded domestically and overseas, the perfume trade regained momentum. The document also notes that luxury fragrances were strongly associated with the cities of London and Paris, while perfumers elsewhere tended to provide cheaper knockoffs of brands from those cities. The early US perfume industry developed this way in New York importing French oils.
The document discusses the history and techniques of the perfume industry. It describes how the craft originated in ancient Rome and the Middle East and was advanced through processes like distillation. It traces the industry's growth in Europe from the Middle Ages onward, centered in places like Venice, France, and Britain. Branding and international trade helped the business expand globally in the 19th century. The paragraphs are translations in Spanish of different sections of the original English text on the history of perfume.
The document discusses translation techniques and provides examples. It begins by discussing the origins of the perfume industry in Paris and London and how it later developed in New York through immigrants. It emphasizes the importance of understanding context when translating, as direct word-for-word translation can sometimes lose meaning. It also highlights how understanding vocabulary, concepts, and sentence structure between languages is crucial for accurate translation. Different translation methods are discussed, including using context clues, interpreting meaning, and following language-specific grammar rules.
The craft of perfumery has ancient origins and was developed in places like ancient Rome, Islamic civilizations, and European monasteries. It later flourished in places like Venice due to trade and glassmaking, and in France where Louis XIV promoted luxury goods. In the 18th century, a more modern perfume industry emerged in Britain and France. Napoleon's policies affected the industry, and in the 19th century ideas of branding and reaching wider markets became important, pioneered by people like Rimmel who built brand prestige. Luxury fragrances were strongly associated with prestigious cities like London and Paris.
TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES Unit 1 Task 1,2,3,4jfcardenas75
The document discusses the history and development of the perfume industry. It provides five paragraphs detailing how perfume making originated in ancient Rome and the Middle East and was further developed in Europe. It describes how perfume was initially used for medicinal and hygienic purposes but later became associated with luxury goods. The paragraphs trace the growth and commercialization of the perfume industry from the 17th century onward in France and Britain as it became more widely traded and popular among different social classes.
This document presents a translation task from English to English. The original paragraph describes the ancient history and global heritage of perfumery. It discusses how the art flourished in Ancient Rome and was later developed by Arab and Persian pharmacists in the Middle Ages. The translation applies various techniques like modulation to convey the same meaning while replacing some structures and grammar. In a reflection, the translator notes challenges in translating between the same language but found they could apply different techniques to the same text. A chart then outlines methods, strategies, and techniques used in translation.
The document provides reflections from four students - Cesar Augusto Martinez, Jonathan David Contreras, Laura Camila Quesada Vargas, and Esperanza Palechor - on their experiences translating paragraphs about the history of perfume making. Each student discusses the translation techniques and strategies they used, with Martinez focusing on communicative and literal translation, Contreras using a literal translation method, Quesada encountering challenges with unfamiliar words, and Palechor following a process of quick reading, word lookups, and focusing on a communicative translation. The document includes their reflections on lessons learned regarding relying on dictionaries, ensuring translations are understandable, and balancing accuracy with readability.
The document is a student assignment for a translation techniques course. It includes the student's translation of a paragraph on the history of perfumery. It also includes sections where the student reflects on challenges in the translation, creates a chart comparing methods, strategies and techniques, and provides feedback on classmates' translations.
The document discusses the concept of translation and its complexity. It provides examples of translation techniques used when summarizing a passage about the history of perfume making, including transposition, modulation, word-for-word translation, and calque. It notes some challenges in translating certain phrases due to vocabulary gaps and passive voice constructions. Overall, the process of translating the passage helped reinforce understanding of different translation techniques.
The concept of translation and its complexityCamiloNaranjo10
The document discusses the complexity of translation. It provides examples of direct translation techniques like borrowing, calque, and literal translation. Borrowing involves taking words directly from one language into another without translation. Calque is translating a phrase from another language word-for-word. Literal translation can work in some languages but not others depending on sentence structure. The document also discusses oblique translation techniques like transposition, modulation, reformulation/equivalence, adaptation, and compensation which are used when direct translation alters meaning or style. Transposition involves changing parts of speech order between languages. Modulation conveys the same idea using different phrases. Reformulation expresses something creatively in a different way. Adaptation and compensation address cultural
France has a long history as a leader in perfume production, dating back centuries. Key cities like Grasse and Nice in the south of France became centers of the perfume industry due to favorable climates for cultivating flowers used in fragrances. Today, French perfume companies account for a substantial share of the global perfume export market and brands like Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent, and Dior are among the most popular perfumes worldwide, cementing France's role as a dominant force in the luxury perfume industry.
The renaissance, 1500–1650. By Manuel Gracia BaezManuell GB
The document discusses the changes to the English language during the Renaissance period from the 14th to 17th centuries. It covers several key areas:
1) The introduction of many new words from Latin, Greek, and other European languages to enrich the vocabulary as English was used in more advanced fields. This led to some opposition over "inkhorn terms."
2) Debates around standardizing spelling and establishing rules of grammar as the language became more widely used. Factors like printing, education, and social conformity influenced this.
3) While some borrowed words were rejected, many became permanent additions and influenced the development of English. Native words were also revived or derived from roots.
4) Contemporary writers
For the Love of a Dictionary Gotham Translator Aug_Sep2011 v2Agnes Meilhac
The document discusses the publication of the Beauty Talk Dictionary of Perfumery, Cosmetics, and Beauty Products, which was a major milestone for translators working in the cosmetics industry. While providing a wealth of terminology, the dictionary also shows weaknesses by including some direct word-for-word translations in definitions, which modern translation theory sees as a breach in fully understanding translations. The cosmetics industry has experienced significant growth and technological advances in recent decades, increasing the need for specialized terminology and translation services.
Learn and discover the history of perfume from ancient times and middle ages all the way to the modern times.
Fragrances have been used in various forms since ancient times to convey messages, emotions and evoke memories. The use of scented products throughout human history dates back to the Stone Age when perfumes were largely made using plant extracts and oils. From Egypt to Rome, fragrance has had an undeniable impact on society. Today, scent remains an important part of peoples' lives – from a simple spritz of perfume before heading out for the day to wearing your beloved grandmother’s signature scent when you want to feel close with her memory. In this presentation we’re exploring how fragrances evolved over centuries, what ingredients were used for them and where new trends stemmed from along the way.
The document provides an overview of perfume, including its history, composition, description, and sources of aromatics. It discusses how perfume has evolved from ancient times using natural plant and animal sources to today's synthetic formulations. It also describes how perfume is classified by concentration level, fragrance families, and fragrance notes to analyze its scent. Key aromatic sources mentioned are flowers, fruits, resins, woods, and animal products used in perfumery.
Perfume is a fragrant mixture used to provide a pleasant smell. It has been used since ancient times to enhance or mask human odor. Perfume contains essential oils, aroma compounds, and solvents. Descriptions of perfume focus on concentration level, fragrance family, and scent notes that provide an impression of the perfume from initial application through dry down. Traditional families include floral, woody, and amber while modern families include bright floral, green, and citrus.
The document provides an overview of perfume, including its history, composition, and methods of description. It discusses how perfume has been used since ancient times to enhance scents. It also outlines the main components of perfumes, concentration levels, olfactive families that perfumes can belong to, and how notes are used to describe a perfume's scent over time.
The document discusses various translation techniques. It describes how the perfumery industry flourished in France during the 18th century under King Louis XV. However, the revolution initially disrupted the perfume trade due to its association with aristocracy. Later, as markets expanded domestically and overseas, the perfume trade regained momentum. The document also notes that luxury fragrances were strongly associated with the cities of London and Paris, while perfumers elsewhere tended to provide cheaper knockoffs of brands from those cities. The early US perfume industry developed this way in New York importing French oils.
The document discusses the history and techniques of the perfume industry. It describes how the craft originated in ancient Rome and the Middle East and was advanced through processes like distillation. It traces the industry's growth in Europe from the Middle Ages onward, centered in places like Venice, France, and Britain. Branding and international trade helped the business expand globally in the 19th century. The paragraphs are translations in Spanish of different sections of the original English text on the history of perfume.
The document discusses translation techniques and provides examples. It begins by discussing the origins of the perfume industry in Paris and London and how it later developed in New York through immigrants. It emphasizes the importance of understanding context when translating, as direct word-for-word translation can sometimes lose meaning. It also highlights how understanding vocabulary, concepts, and sentence structure between languages is crucial for accurate translation. Different translation methods are discussed, including using context clues, interpreting meaning, and following language-specific grammar rules.
The craft of perfumery has ancient origins and was developed in places like ancient Rome, Islamic civilizations, and European monasteries. It later flourished in places like Venice due to trade and glassmaking, and in France where Louis XIV promoted luxury goods. In the 18th century, a more modern perfume industry emerged in Britain and France. Napoleon's policies affected the industry, and in the 19th century ideas of branding and reaching wider markets became important, pioneered by people like Rimmel who built brand prestige. Luxury fragrances were strongly associated with prestigious cities like London and Paris.
TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES Unit 1 Task 1,2,3,4jfcardenas75
The document discusses the history and development of the perfume industry. It provides five paragraphs detailing how perfume making originated in ancient Rome and the Middle East and was further developed in Europe. It describes how perfume was initially used for medicinal and hygienic purposes but later became associated with luxury goods. The paragraphs trace the growth and commercialization of the perfume industry from the 17th century onward in France and Britain as it became more widely traded and popular among different social classes.
This document presents a translation task from English to English. The original paragraph describes the ancient history and global heritage of perfumery. It discusses how the art flourished in Ancient Rome and was later developed by Arab and Persian pharmacists in the Middle Ages. The translation applies various techniques like modulation to convey the same meaning while replacing some structures and grammar. In a reflection, the translator notes challenges in translating between the same language but found they could apply different techniques to the same text. A chart then outlines methods, strategies, and techniques used in translation.
The document provides reflections from four students - Cesar Augusto Martinez, Jonathan David Contreras, Laura Camila Quesada Vargas, and Esperanza Palechor - on their experiences translating paragraphs about the history of perfume making. Each student discusses the translation techniques and strategies they used, with Martinez focusing on communicative and literal translation, Contreras using a literal translation method, Quesada encountering challenges with unfamiliar words, and Palechor following a process of quick reading, word lookups, and focusing on a communicative translation. The document includes their reflections on lessons learned regarding relying on dictionaries, ensuring translations are understandable, and balancing accuracy with readability.
The document is a student assignment for a translation techniques course. It includes the student's translation of a paragraph on the history of perfumery. It also includes sections where the student reflects on challenges in the translation, creates a chart comparing methods, strategies and techniques, and provides feedback on classmates' translations.
The document discusses the concept of translation and its complexity. It provides examples of translation techniques used when summarizing a passage about the history of perfume making, including transposition, modulation, word-for-word translation, and calque. It notes some challenges in translating certain phrases due to vocabulary gaps and passive voice constructions. Overall, the process of translating the passage helped reinforce understanding of different translation techniques.
The concept of translation and its complexityCamiloNaranjo10
The document discusses the complexity of translation. It provides examples of direct translation techniques like borrowing, calque, and literal translation. Borrowing involves taking words directly from one language into another without translation. Calque is translating a phrase from another language word-for-word. Literal translation can work in some languages but not others depending on sentence structure. The document also discusses oblique translation techniques like transposition, modulation, reformulation/equivalence, adaptation, and compensation which are used when direct translation alters meaning or style. Transposition involves changing parts of speech order between languages. Modulation conveys the same idea using different phrases. Reformulation expresses something creatively in a different way. Adaptation and compensation address cultural
France has a long history as a leader in perfume production, dating back centuries. Key cities like Grasse and Nice in the south of France became centers of the perfume industry due to favorable climates for cultivating flowers used in fragrances. Today, French perfume companies account for a substantial share of the global perfume export market and brands like Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent, and Dior are among the most popular perfumes worldwide, cementing France's role as a dominant force in the luxury perfume industry.
The renaissance, 1500–1650. By Manuel Gracia BaezManuell GB
The document discusses the changes to the English language during the Renaissance period from the 14th to 17th centuries. It covers several key areas:
1) The introduction of many new words from Latin, Greek, and other European languages to enrich the vocabulary as English was used in more advanced fields. This led to some opposition over "inkhorn terms."
2) Debates around standardizing spelling and establishing rules of grammar as the language became more widely used. Factors like printing, education, and social conformity influenced this.
3) While some borrowed words were rejected, many became permanent additions and influenced the development of English. Native words were also revived or derived from roots.
4) Contemporary writers
For the Love of a Dictionary Gotham Translator Aug_Sep2011 v2Agnes Meilhac
The document discusses the publication of the Beauty Talk Dictionary of Perfumery, Cosmetics, and Beauty Products, which was a major milestone for translators working in the cosmetics industry. While providing a wealth of terminology, the dictionary also shows weaknesses by including some direct word-for-word translations in definitions, which modern translation theory sees as a breach in fully understanding translations. The cosmetics industry has experienced significant growth and technological advances in recent decades, increasing the need for specialized terminology and translation services.
Learn and discover the history of perfume from ancient times and middle ages all the way to the modern times.
Fragrances have been used in various forms since ancient times to convey messages, emotions and evoke memories. The use of scented products throughout human history dates back to the Stone Age when perfumes were largely made using plant extracts and oils. From Egypt to Rome, fragrance has had an undeniable impact on society. Today, scent remains an important part of peoples' lives – from a simple spritz of perfume before heading out for the day to wearing your beloved grandmother’s signature scent when you want to feel close with her memory. In this presentation we’re exploring how fragrances evolved over centuries, what ingredients were used for them and where new trends stemmed from along the way.
The document provides an overview of perfume, including its history, composition, description, and sources of aromatics. It discusses how perfume has evolved from ancient times using natural plant and animal sources to today's synthetic formulations. It also describes how perfume is classified by concentration level, fragrance families, and fragrance notes to analyze its scent. Key aromatic sources mentioned are flowers, fruits, resins, woods, and animal products used in perfumery.
Perfume is a fragrant mixture used to provide a pleasant smell. It has been used since ancient times to enhance or mask human odor. Perfume contains essential oils, aroma compounds, and solvents. Descriptions of perfume focus on concentration level, fragrance family, and scent notes that provide an impression of the perfume from initial application through dry down. Traditional families include floral, woody, and amber while modern families include bright floral, green, and citrus.
The document provides an overview of perfume, including its history, composition, and methods of description. It discusses how perfume has been used since ancient times to enhance scents. It also outlines the main components of perfumes, concentration levels, olfactive families that perfumes can belong to, and how notes are used to describe a perfume's scent over time.
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বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
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Task1, 2, 3 and 4 grupo 4
1. TASK1, 2, 3 AND 4
ANDRES CAMILO SUAREZ
CAROLINA GARCIA
KATHLEEN MICHEL RAMOS PEREZ
Cód.. 1120387380
GROUP: 4
TUTOR:
BRENDA LICETH VARGAS MORALES
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OPEN AND DISTANCE
TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES
MAY, 2018
2. BY: ANDRES CAMILO SUAREZ
TASK 1. TRANSLATION
PARAGRAPH 2 PARAGRAPH 2
At first, the use of fragrances was primarily associated with healing.
Aromatic alcoholic waters were ingested as well as used externally.
Fragrances were used to purify the air, both for spiritual and health
purposes. During the Black Death, the bubonic plague was
to have resulted from a bad odour which could be averted by
inhaling
pleasant fragrances such as cinnamon. The Black Death led to an
aversion to using water for washing, and so perfume was
used as a cleaning agent.
Later on, the craft of perfume re-entered Europe, and was
in Venice, chiefly because it was an important trade route and a
center for glass-making. Having such materials at hand was
essential for the distillation process. In the late seventeenth
trade soared in France, when Louis XIV brought in policies of
protectionism and patronage which stimulated the purchase of
luxury goods. Here, perfumery was the preserve of glove-makers.
The link arose since the tanning of leather
required putrid substances. Consequently, the gloves were scented
before they were sold and worn. A glove and perfume makers’
had existed here since 1190. Entering it required 7 years of formal
training under a master perfumer
At first, the use of fragrances was mainly related to healing. Aromatic
alcoholic waters were ingested as well as used externally. Fragrances were
used to purify the air, both for spiritual and health purposes. During the
Black Death, the bubonic plague was thought to have resulted from a bad
odour which could be prevented by inhaling pleasant fragrances such as
cinnamon. The Black Death led to an aversion to using water for washing,
and so perfume was commonly used as a cleaning agent.
Later on, the craft of perfume re-entered Europe, and was located in
chiefly because it was an important trade route and a center for glass-
making. Having such materials at hand was essential for the distillation
process. In the late seventeenth century, trade rose in France, when Louis
brought in policies of protectionism and patronage which stimulated the
purchase of luxury goods. Here, perfumery was the preserve of glove-
makers. The link arose since the tanning of leather
required rotten substances. Consequently, the gloves were scented before
they were sold and worn. A glove and perfume makers’ guild had existed
here since 1190. Entering it required 7 years of formal training under a
master perfumer.
3. TASK 2. REFLECTION
Usually the complexity of translation lies on the topic we are working with. In this particular case
there were different words that were unknown to me. I think that skimming and scanning are two
simple yet very effective techniques to start translating a text, and this is how I started. First I took a
glance at the body of the paragraph and got a vague idea from it.
Then I looked up the words I did not know in a dictionary, and this was the hardest part because as
we have read in the documents from the course there might be one word that changes its meaning
depending on the context. The specific word was "tanning", which in Spanish translates as
"broncear-bronceando". So, finding the word is only the first part, and then we need to go a little
deeper and try to get the closest meaning according to the reading.
For this activity I applied different techniques such as modulation in order to alter the original text
just a little to make it fit into the right meaning. Transposition, in my opinion, is one of the most
commonly used techniques since you frequently come across descriptive texts in which you have to
use adjectives; in the text we find the following example:
"putrid substances..." "... sustancias putridas"
4. TASK 3. CHART
METHOD STRATEGY TECHNIQUE
It is something that relates to
whole texts.
It is also a global option that
will eventually affect the
entire text.
It is made in terms and based
upon the translator's
objective, whether it is
interpretative-
communicative, literal or free.
EXAMPLE: idiomatic
translation
It is a part of a process that
involves a conscious plan for
solving concrete translation
problems.
Strategies are also
as competencies that favor
the acquisition, storage
and/or utilization of
information.
EXAMPLE: translating a song
While the method affects the
text, the techniques affect the
result. There are several kinds
of techniques, such as direct
translation (borrowing,
literal), and oblique
translation (transposition,
modulation, equivalence,
adaptation, compensation).
Example: MODULATION: te
dejo-"you can have it".
the difference between method, strategy and technique
5. TASK 4. FEEDBACK
Comment by Kathleen:
Good afternoon, classmate, I have reviewed your work.
very good translation but there were some sentences that could
have applied these modulation and transposition techniques. Very
good choice of techniques, are the most used when translating a
text in the same language but with a clearer meaning and as for the
chart very good explanation of the difference between method,
strategy and technique
6. BY: Carolina García
TASK 1. TRANSLATION
PARAGRAPH 3 PARAGRAPH 3
The trade in perfume flourished during the reign of Louis XV, as the
master glove-and-perfume makers, particularly those trading in Paris,
received patronage from the royal court, where it is said that a different
perfume was used each week. The perfumers diversified into other
cosmetics including soaps, powders, white face paints and hair dyes.
They were not the sole sellers of beauty products. Mercers, spicers,
vinegar-makers and wig-makers were all cashing in on the popularity of
perfumed products. Even simple shopkeepers were coming up with
own concoctions to sell.
During the eighteenth century, more modern, capitalist perfume
industry began to emerge, particularly in Britain where there was a
flourishing consumer society. In France, the revolution initially disrupted
the perfume trade due to its association with aristocracy, however, it
regained momentum later as a wider range of markets were sought
in the domestic and overseas markets. The guild system was abolished
1791, allowing new high-end perfumery shops to open in Paris.
The trade in perfume Began during the reign of Louis XV, as the
master glove-and-perfume makers, principally those trading in
Paris, received patronage from the royal court, where it is said
a different perfume was used each week. The perfumers Extended
into other cosmetics including soaps, powders, white face paints
and hair dyes. They were not the sole sellers of beauty products.
Mercers, spicers, vinegar-makers and wig-makers were all cashing
in on the popularity of perfumed products. Less popular
shopkeepers were coming up with their own concoctions to sell.
During the eighteenth century, more modern, capitalist perfume
industry began to Arise , particularly in Britain where there was a
Increasing consumer society. In France, the revolution initially
disrupted the perfume trade due to its association with Noble
, however, it regained momentum later as a wider range of
were sought both in the domestic and overseas markets. The
system was abolished in 1791, allowing new high-end perfumery
shops to open in Paris.
7. TASK 2. REFLECTION
Although the text is in English and is usual that we practice not only for the race in different tasks or activities, but also for work; I
believe that there are words, terms or phrases that make it difficult due to vocabulary, that it is not used often and is not him the
importance of making use of the same.
However, I believe that there are a number of words and alternatives in order to improve the translation process without forgetting
the central theme of the time or context that are essential in the translation process.
For example, the following sentence "the master glove-and-perfume makers, particularly those trading in Paris, received
patronage from the royal court,” I had to reread several times since home they were talking about perfumes and did not
understand that it had to do with gloves.
“the revolution initially disrupted the perfume trade due to its association with aristocracy” with this phrase something
similar happened to me however did not know the relationship of the perfume with the aristocracy.
I believe that more than a translation of words is a translation of phrases or sentences that are related. Until no progress in reading
the total knowledge of the text can not be acquired.
8. TASK 3. CHART
the difference between method, strategy and technique
Method
It is the way in which the translator faces or deals with different original texts,
through different processes regulated by principles based on the translator.
Responding to the general choice of the text.
Example:
The methods of strikes are not legal in some cities.
Strategy
It is the procedure that improves the deficiencies during the process so to improve
the general knowledge of the translator.
Example:
Educational communities, require greater emphasis and strategies to improve
learning processes
Technique
It is the direct use of results occasionally forgetting some parts of the translation so
affecting the meaning. However, it does not leave out the traductorio process and
solve the problems encountered.
Example:
The technique for doing math homework didn't work.
9. TASK 4. FEEDBACK
Comment by Kathleen:
Good morning classmate Carolina, excellent work.
I only recommend you to specify the technique that you used for the
translation of the text.
10. PARAGRAPH 5 PARAGRAPH 5
Luxury fragrances were strongly associated with the
affluent and prestigious cities of London and Paris.
Perfumers elsewhere tended to supply cheaper
products and knock-offs of the London and Paris
brands. The United States perfume industry, which
developed around the docks in New York where
French oils were being imported, began in this way.
Many American firms were founded by immigrants,
such as William Colgate, who arrived in 1806. At this
time, Colgate was chiefly known as a perfumery. Its
Cashmere Bouquet brand had 625 perfume
in the early 20th century.
Luxury fragrances were strongly related whit the
more affluent and prestigious cities of London and
Paris. Perfumes elsewhere tended to replace
products and imitations of the London and Paris
brands. That's how it started The United States
perfume company, which development around the
docks in New York where French oils were being
Many American firms were made by immigrants,
such as William Colgate, who arrived in 1806. At this
time, Colgate was mainly known as a perfumery. its
Cashmere Bouquet brand had approximately six
hundred twenty-five perfumes varieties in the early
20th century.
BY: Kathleen Ramos
TASK 1. TRANSLATION
11. TASK 2. REFLECTION
It was difficult for me to translate the following words, replacing them with more appropriate synonyms for each
sentence: Associated = related; For laying = to replace; knocks-offs = imitations; returned = evolved; import =
get; started = looked; founded = fact; mainly = mainly. It was difficult for me to translate them because I had to
think what words could be applied in the sentence so that the sentence would be more understandable to the
reader.
the technique I used was one of the oblique translation: modulation. This seemed me the most convenient
when it comes to translating in English because it consists of transmitting a phrase or word that is different in
the languages of origin to convey the same idea to the reader but with a clearer and more understandable point
of view, as I did with the first sentence of the sentence "Luxury fragrances were strongly associated with the
affluent and prestigious cities of London and Paris". by "Luxury fragrances were strongly related to the affluent
and prestigious cities of London and Paris". the same succeeded with this sentence “The United States perfume
industry” where at the end of the sentence he was referring to how everything started, then what I did was to
change the order without altering the meaning of the sentence: “That's how it started The United States
perfume company”. Here we can see how the word Associated is replaced by related, this changes the meaning
of the sentence without altering the meaning, without generating a sensation of discomfort in the reader of the
objective text. For this reason, I applied this technique and in this way I managed to obtain a good result with
the English translation of the paragraph.
12. METHOD St r a t egy t echnique
involves procedure to identifying
and analyzing the words, relating
the structure and content of the
paper as a function of each of the
connotations to develop the
translation. Newmark (1988b)
translation methods relate to
whole texts, translation
procedures are used for
sentences and the smaller units of
language" (p.81).
According to the Dictionary of
the Spanish Language, "method"
is the way to say or do with order
one thing. The method traces the
way and the technique shows
how to go through it.
EXAMPLE:
Their teaching method
tries to adapt lessons to
each student.
It is the set of actions that will be
implemented in a specific context
with the aim of achieving the
proposed goal and consists of a
series of planned actions that help
to make decisions and achieve the
best possible results. The strategy is
aimed at achieving an objective
following a pattern of action. A
strategy includes a series of tactics
that are more concrete measures
to achieve one or several
objectives.
Seguinot (1989) believes that
there are at least three global
strategies employed by the
translators: 1. translating without
interruption for as long as possible;
2. correcting surface errors
immediately; 3. leaving the
monitoring for qualitative or
stylistic errors in the text to the
revision stage.
EXAMPLE:
The company defined a
new strategy where it
would reduce the price of
its products that had been
in market for more than 90
days to reduce their
inventory.
It is the set of procedures or
resources that are used in an art,
in a science or in a certain activity,
especially when they are acquired
through their practice and
require skill.
The technique provides people
with a sufficient amount of tools
to establish the clear paths to
complete the task and therefore
the techniques are generalized
for any field where it is necessary
to apply a procedure or the rules
to do something, according to the
need present the technique will
adapt to the situation.
EXAMPLE:
The players need to
practice in order to
improve their technique.
TASK 3. CHART
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METHOD, STRATEGY AND TECHNIQUE
13. TASK 4. FEEDBACK
Comment by Carolina:
Dear Kathleen I have reviewed your submission and I
think that is very complete. Thank you for your
commitment to the course and share activity, taking into
account the selected paragraph that was the number 3.