Talaromyces is a genus of fungi that includes the anamorphic stage of Penicillium. Some Talaromyces species produce antibiotics like penicillin. The document discusses the taxonomy, symptoms, life cycle and diseases caused by Talaromyces, including green and blue molds of citrus fruits. Talaromyces reproduces asexually through conidiophores and conidia and sexually through the formation of cleistothecia containing asci and pulley wheel-shaped ascospores.

1. Symptoms, host range, taxonomy and
life cycle of Talaromyces
COURSE TEACHER
Dr. PARTHASARATHY S
Asst. Professor (Plant Pathology)
STUDENT
Mr. ROHITH S
ID. NO. 2017021054
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562

2. Introduction
 Talaromyces is a genus of ascomycetous fungi of
major importance in natural environment as well as
food and drug production.
 Some members of the genus produce penicillin, a
molecule that is used as an antibiotic, which kills or
stops the growth of certain kinds of bacteria inside
the body. Other species are used in cheese making.
 Penicillium is the anamorphic stage of Talaromyces.

3. Taxonomy of Talaromyces
Kingdom : Fungi
Phylum : Ascomycota
Subphylum : Pezizomycotina
Class : Eurotiomycetes
Order : Eurotiales
Family : Trichocomaceae
Genus : Talaromyces

4. Symptoms
 Circular or irregular water soaked lesions formed on
the rind near the stalk end which spreads further and
cover a larger area with mycelia growth.
 Later, due to sporulation the infected fruits are
covered with green/blue moldy growth. Severe
infection leads to rotting of fruits.
 It causes blue mould and green mould disease in post
harvest products.

5. Disease caused by Talaromyces (Penicillium)
 Green mould - Penicillium digitatum
 Blue mould - Penicillium italicum
 Blue mould on apple - Penicillium expansum
 Blue mould on tulip
bulbs - P. hirsutum and P. tulipae
 Whisker mould in
stored citrus fruits - Penicillium ulaiense

6. Green mould
Penicillium digitatum
Blue mould
Penicillium italicum
Diseases caused by Taloromyces
(Penicillium)

7. Blue mould on tulip bulbs
P. hirsutum and P. tulipae
Blue mould on apple
Penicillium expansum
Diseases caused by Taloromyces
(Penicillium)

8. Diseases caused by Taloromyces
(Penicillium)
Whisker mould on orange
Penicillium ulaiense

9. Life cycle of Talaromyces

10. Fungal characters
 Hyaline, septate and branched
mycelium.
 Conidiphore arises from
hypha, branched.
 Chains of spores held in a
brush - like dry cluster, each
chain arises from a bottle-like
phialide.

11. Asexual reproduction
 Conidiophore arises from foot cell with
chains of spores held in a brush – like
dry cluster; each chain arises from a
bottle-like phialide. Conidia are oval,
green/blue and arranged in chains as
basipetal succession.
 Conidiophores branch once or twice at
two-third of its total length. The
branches are called primary sterigmata
or rammi, secondary sterigmata or
metulae, which finally bear the bottle-
shaped phialides.

12.  The species are chiefly based on the nature of
branching of the conidiophore, which may be mono,
or biverticillate.
 In the monoverticillate condition, the phialides are
borne directly on the conidiophore while in
biverticillate, these are borne a further whole of
branches called metulae, which in turn, may arise on
a whorl of branches called rammi.

13. Sexual reproduction
 The uninucleate mycelium forms a
swollen cylindrical ascogonium, which
is uninucleate in beginning, but by
repeated nuclear division, comes to
have 64 nuclei.
 An antheridial branch, which originates
on a separate hypha, coils around the
ascogonium and cuts a terminal
antheridium.
 Septa are formed in the ascogonium.
Ascogenous hyphae arise from the
binucleate cells of the ascogonium and
produce asci at different levels.

14.  The somatic hyphae, in the meantime, grow and
surround the ascogenous hyphae so as to form a
two layered peridium. Ultimately, this results in the
formation of a cleistothecium.
 The asci, which are globose and evanescent,
liberate the ascospores in the cleistothecium. The
ascospores are freed after decay of the cleistothecial
wall.
 The ascospores, as in Aspergillus, resemble pully-
wheels.

15. Cleistothecium
 Globose asci.
 That are not arranged in a layer
or hymenium (scattared asci)
 Soft peridium.
 Ascospores releases when
rupturing of cleistothecial wall.
 Pulley wheel ascospores.

17. REFERENCES
 Alice D, Jeyalakshmi C, Krishnamoorthy A.S and
Karthikeyan M, 2017. Fundamentals of Phyto
Pathology. Sri Sakthi Promotional Litho Process,
Coimbatore.
 Alice D and Jeyalakshmi C, 2014. Plant Pathology.
A.E.Publication, Coimbatore.
 http://www.aspergilluspenicillium.org/talaromyces-
naam
 http://en.m.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Talaromyces

18. THANK YOU