The document discusses the Linux file system hierarchy. It begins by explaining that all files on a Linux system are organized into a single tree of directories with the root directory "/" at the top. It then provides descriptions of the standard directories that make up the hierarchy, including /bin, /boot, /dev, /etc, /home, /lib, /media, /mnt, /opt, /root, /sbin, /srv, /tmp, /usr, and /var. It notes that these directories contain essential files and programs used for booting, configuration, user home directories, libraries, removable media, mounting other file systems, software packages, system administration tools, server data, temporary files, and data written by

1. Linux File System
Hierarchy
Sm Tahir Ashraf

2. Linux File System Hierarchy
All files on a Linux system are stored on file systems which
are organized into a single inverted tree of directories, known
as a file system hierarchy. The directory / is the root directory
at the top of the file system hierarchy.

3. Linux File System Hierarchy

4. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /bin: /bin is a standard subdirectory of the root
directory in Unix-like operating systems that contains the
executable (i.e., ready to run) programs that must be
available in order to attain minimal functionality for the
purposes of booting (i.e., starting) and repairing a system.

5. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /boot: In Linux, and other Unix-like operating systems,
the /boot/ directory holds files used in booting the
operating system. The usage is standardized in the File
system Hierarchy Standard.

6. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /dev: /dev is the location of special or device files. It is a
very interesting directory that highlights one important
aspect of the Linux file system - everything is a file or
a directory. ... This file represents your speaker device.

7. Linux File System Hierarchy
/etc: It contains all system related configuration files, a
configuration file is used to setup initial settings or
parameters to a computer program.

8. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /home: A home directory is the directory or folder
commonly given to a user on a network or Unix or Linux
variant operating system. This directory is where the
user stores all of his or her personal information and files
as well as log in scripts and user information.

9. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /lib: Contains the kernel and other files used during
system startup. /lost+found/ — Used by fsck to place
orphaned files (files without names). /lib/ — Contains many
device modules and library files used by programs in /bin/
and /sbin/. The directory/sur/lib/ contains library files for
user applications.

10. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /media: This directory contains the mount points for
removable media, such as diskettes, CD-ROMs, and USB
flash drives. /boot/ — Contains the kernel and other files
used during system startup.

11. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /mnt: There are two places where other file systems are
commonly mounted: the /media/ directory for removable
media, and the /mnt/ directory for temporarily mounted .

12. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /opt: This directory is reserved for all those software and
add-on packages which are not the part of the default
system.It basically consists third party applications

13. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /root: Root Directory Definition. The root directory is
the directory on Linux operating systems that contains all
other directories and files on the system and which is
designated by a forward slash ( / ). ... A file system is the
hierarchy of directories that is used to organize
directories and files on a computer.

14. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /sbin: The /sbin Directory. /sbin is a standard
subdirectory of the root directory in Linux and other
Unix-like operating systems that contains executable (i.e.,
ready to run) programs. They are mostly administrative
tools, that should be made available only to the root (i.e.,
administrative) user.

15. Linux File System Hierarchy
/srv: srv. Srv is a serve folder. It holds site specific data
to be served by the system for protocols such as, ftp, rsync,
www, cvs etc.

16. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /tmp: Teh /var/tmp directory is made available for
programs that require temporary files or directories that
are preserved between system reboots. Therefore, data
stored in /var/tmp is more persistent than data in /tmp .
Files and directories located in /var/tmp must not be
deleted when the system is booted.

17. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /usr: The /usr directory consists of several
subdirectories that contain additional Linux commands
and data files. It is also the default location of user
home directories. The /usr/bin directory contains more
Linux commands. These commands are used less
frequently or are considered nonessential to Linux system
operation.

18. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /var: /var is a standard subdirectory of the root directory
in Linux and other Unix-like operating systems that
contains files to which the system writes data during the
course of its operation.

19. Linux File System Hierarchy
 /proc: The proc file system (procfs) is a special file
system in Linux operating systems that presents
information about processes and other system information
in a hierarchical file-like structure, providing a more
convenient and standardized method for dynamically
accessing process data held in the kernel than traditional
.

20. Linux File System Hierarchy
 some important files of Linux file system
/var/cache:
contains application programs cache.
/var/game:
variable data related to games.
/proc/cpuinfo:
contains CPU Information.
/etc/passwd:
It is a user database containing information about each user such
as username, password(in a shadow file), home directory etc.

21. Thank You